[Cardiovascular] Medical-Surgical
Nursing Review Questions Questions
and Correct Answers the Latest Update
and Recommended Version
A patient with an average blood pressure of 145/100 will begin treatment for hypertension.
In discussing possible modifiable risk factors with this patient, the nurse correctly identifies
which of the following?
A. Male younger than age 55
B. African-American ethnicity
C. High dietary sodium intake
D. Parents' history of MI and CA
✓ C
A patient with long-standing hypertension will begin the DASH Diet (Dietary Approaches to
Stop Hypertension) to help lower the blood pressure. The nurse discusses some possible food
choices with the patient, including which of the following foods that best reflect the principles
of the DASH Diet?
A. Fish, broccoli, brown rice
B. Lean steak, green beans, hash brown potatoes
C. Thin-crust cheese pizza and salad with low-calorie dressing
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D. Frozen low-calorie meal
✓ A
A 60-year-old patient is assessed in the emergency department for complaints of shortness of
breath, dizziness, and palpitations. An EKG shows an irregular rhythm with a normal QRS
complex but no P waves. Based on these findings, the nurse recognizes the patient's rhythm as:
A. first-degree heart block.
B. atrial flutter.
C. second-degree heart block type 1.
D. atrial fibrillation.
✓ D
A patient with mitral valve disease is admitted to a medical unit with fever, chills, shortness of
breath, malaise, and a newly developed cardiac murmur. Based on the patient's new
diagnosis of endocarditis, the nurse will begin preparing him for discharge by teaching about:
A. lifestyle modifications.
B. warfarin (Coumadin) therapy.
C. self-administration of IV antibiotics.
D. the need for fluid restriction.
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✓ C
The nurse is caring for a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy. The patient asks, "How could I
have gotten this condition?" The nurse's response is based on knowledge that cardiomyopathy
may be associated with which of the following in the patient's medical history?
A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Hypotension
C. Fungal infection
D. Extreme weight loss
✓ A
A patient with hypercholesterolemia was prescribed pravastin (Pravachol). The nurse should
teach the patient about which of the following side effects for this medication?
A. Muscle weakness
B. Flushing
C. Itching
D. Hypotension
✓ A
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