NBME Exam 1- Embryology and
Anatomy Questions and Answers
Developmental iistages iiof iisperm ii- iiAnswers ii-Spermatagonium ii(2N, iidipoloid) ii-->
iiprimary iispermatocyte ii--> iisecondary iispermatocyte ii--> iispermatid ii--> iispermatozoan
ii(N, iihaploid)
Developmental iistages iiof iiegg ii- iiAnswers ii-oogonium ii(2N) ii--> iiprimary iioocyte ii-->
iisecondary iioocyte ii--> iiootid ii--> iiovum ii(N)
At iiwhat iidevelopmental iistage iiand iimeiotic iistage iiis iithe iiegg iisuspended iiuntil
iiovulation? ii- iiAnswers ii-primary iioocyte iiis iiarrested iiin iiprophase ii1 iiuntil iiovulation
At iiwhat iidevelopmental iistage iiand iimeiotic iistage iiis iithe iiegg iisuspended iiuntil
iifertilization? ii- iiAnswers ii-secondary iioocyte iiis iiarrested iiin iimetaphase ii2 iiuntil
iifertilization, iiduring iiwhich iiit iicompletes iimeiosis
Where iiin iithe iitestes iidoes iispermatogenesis iioccur? ii- iiAnswers ii-seminiferous iitubules
What iido iiSertoli iicells iido iiduring iisperm iidevelopment? ii- iiAnswers ii--block iipenetration
iiby iicytotoxic iiagents iiand iiWBCs iivia iithe iiblood-testis iibarrier
-secrete iisubstances iithat iiaid iiin iimeiosis
-phagocytize iiresidual iicytoplasm iiduring iifinal iistage
-secrete iiABP ii(androgen iibinding iiprotein), iiInhibin, iiGDNF, iiand iiestradiol
leydig iicells ii- iiAnswers ii-interstitial iicells iithat iiproduce iitestosterone iiwhich iidiffuses
iiinto iithe iiseminiferous iitubules; iihigh iitestosterone iicontent iiis iirequired iifor iimaturation
iiof iisperm
what iihormone iistimulates iiLeydig iicells? iiwhere iiis iiit iisecreted iifrom? ii- iiAnswers ii-LH;
iianterior iipituitary
What iihormone iistimulates iiSertoli iicells? iiwhere iiis iiit iisecreted iifrom? ii- iiAnswers ii-
FSH; iianterior iipituitary
what iido iiinhibin iido iiand iitestosterone iido? ii- iiAnswers ii-inhibits iithe iihypothalamus iiand
iianterior iipituitary iifrom iisecreting iiGnRH iiand iiLH/FSH, iirespectively
what iisecretes iiinhibin? ii- iiAnswers ii-Sertoli iicells
, corona iiradiata ii- iiAnswers ii-The iioutermost iilayer iiof iigranulosa iicells iithat iisurround iian
iioocyte iiafter iiis iihas iibeen iiovulated; iiaids iiin iicapture iiof iiovum iiby iiFallopian iitube
zona iipellucida ii- iiAnswers ii-thick, iiglycoprotein-rich iimembrane iijust iideep iito iicorona
iiradiata iithat iiis iisecreted iiby iioocyte, iiencapsulating iiit; iibinds iiinvading iisperm iiand
iiallows iithe iiacrosome iisection iito iioccur
dictyate ii- iiAnswers ii-period iiof iitime iiduring iiwhich iiprimary iioocyte iiis iiarrested iiin
iiprophase iiI iiuntil iiovulation
Androgen iibinding iiprotein ii(ABP) iifunction ii- iiAnswers ii-ensures iithat iitestosterone
iiconcentration iiin iiseminiferous iitubule iiis iihigh
Testosterone iifunction ii- iiAnswers ii-differentiates iimale iigenitalia, iihas iianabolic iieffects
iion iiprotein iimetabolism, iimaintains iigametogenesis, iimaintains iilibido, iiinhibits iiGnRH
ovum ii- iiAnswers ii-A iimature iiegg iicell iiwith iiboth iipaternal iiand iimaternal iipronuclei;
iiwhen iithe iipronuclei iifuse, iithe iiovum iibecomes iia iizygote
phases iiof iiovarian iicycle ii- iiAnswers ii-follicular, iiovulation, iiluteal
phases iiof iiuterine iicycle ii- iiAnswers ii-menstrual, iiproliferative, iisecretory
sperm iicapacitation ii- iiAnswers ii-set iiof iichanges iiin iifemale iireproductive iitract iithat
iialters iithe iisperm's iimembrane iifluidity, iimembrane iipotential, iiand iiincreases iisperm
iimotility; iicapacitated iisperm iican iibind iizone iipellucida iito iitrigger iiacrosomal iireaction
cortical iireaction ii- iiAnswers ii-egg iireleases iienzymes ii(cortical iigranules) iithat iiprevent
iipolyspermy
acrosomal iireaction ii- iiAnswers ii-when iithe iicapacitated iisperm iibinds iithe iizona
iipellucida, iiit iireleases iienzyme ii(from iithe iiacrosome iion iisperm iihead) iithat iibreak
iidown iithe iizona iipellucida iiand iiplasma iimembrane iiso iisperm iican iipenetrate iiegg
what iiare iithe iifirst iicells iito iidifferentiate iifrom iia iifertilized iiegg? ii- iiAnswers ii-trophoblast
iicells ii(develop iiinner iicytotrophoblasts iiand iiouter iisyncytiotrophoblasts)
what iicells iisecrete iihCG iiupon iiblastocyst iiimplantation iiinto iiendometrial iilining? ii-
iiAnswers ii-syncytiotrophoblast
When iidoes iithe iicorpus iiluteum iidegenerate ii(replaced iiby iiplacenta)? ii- iiAnswers ii-in
iithe iisecond iitrimester
Why iidoes iiHbF iihave iihigher iiaffinity iifor iiO2? ii- iiAnswers ii-its iigamma iisubunit iihas iia
iiweaker iipositive iicharge, iiso ii2,3BPG iihas iiless iiof iian iiaffect iion iidecreasing iiits iiaffinity
iifor iiO2 iithan iiit iidoes iion iiHbA
Anatomy Questions and Answers
Developmental iistages iiof iisperm ii- iiAnswers ii-Spermatagonium ii(2N, iidipoloid) ii-->
iiprimary iispermatocyte ii--> iisecondary iispermatocyte ii--> iispermatid ii--> iispermatozoan
ii(N, iihaploid)
Developmental iistages iiof iiegg ii- iiAnswers ii-oogonium ii(2N) ii--> iiprimary iioocyte ii-->
iisecondary iioocyte ii--> iiootid ii--> iiovum ii(N)
At iiwhat iidevelopmental iistage iiand iimeiotic iistage iiis iithe iiegg iisuspended iiuntil
iiovulation? ii- iiAnswers ii-primary iioocyte iiis iiarrested iiin iiprophase ii1 iiuntil iiovulation
At iiwhat iidevelopmental iistage iiand iimeiotic iistage iiis iithe iiegg iisuspended iiuntil
iifertilization? ii- iiAnswers ii-secondary iioocyte iiis iiarrested iiin iimetaphase ii2 iiuntil
iifertilization, iiduring iiwhich iiit iicompletes iimeiosis
Where iiin iithe iitestes iidoes iispermatogenesis iioccur? ii- iiAnswers ii-seminiferous iitubules
What iido iiSertoli iicells iido iiduring iisperm iidevelopment? ii- iiAnswers ii--block iipenetration
iiby iicytotoxic iiagents iiand iiWBCs iivia iithe iiblood-testis iibarrier
-secrete iisubstances iithat iiaid iiin iimeiosis
-phagocytize iiresidual iicytoplasm iiduring iifinal iistage
-secrete iiABP ii(androgen iibinding iiprotein), iiInhibin, iiGDNF, iiand iiestradiol
leydig iicells ii- iiAnswers ii-interstitial iicells iithat iiproduce iitestosterone iiwhich iidiffuses
iiinto iithe iiseminiferous iitubules; iihigh iitestosterone iicontent iiis iirequired iifor iimaturation
iiof iisperm
what iihormone iistimulates iiLeydig iicells? iiwhere iiis iiit iisecreted iifrom? ii- iiAnswers ii-LH;
iianterior iipituitary
What iihormone iistimulates iiSertoli iicells? iiwhere iiis iiit iisecreted iifrom? ii- iiAnswers ii-
FSH; iianterior iipituitary
what iido iiinhibin iido iiand iitestosterone iido? ii- iiAnswers ii-inhibits iithe iihypothalamus iiand
iianterior iipituitary iifrom iisecreting iiGnRH iiand iiLH/FSH, iirespectively
what iisecretes iiinhibin? ii- iiAnswers ii-Sertoli iicells
, corona iiradiata ii- iiAnswers ii-The iioutermost iilayer iiof iigranulosa iicells iithat iisurround iian
iioocyte iiafter iiis iihas iibeen iiovulated; iiaids iiin iicapture iiof iiovum iiby iiFallopian iitube
zona iipellucida ii- iiAnswers ii-thick, iiglycoprotein-rich iimembrane iijust iideep iito iicorona
iiradiata iithat iiis iisecreted iiby iioocyte, iiencapsulating iiit; iibinds iiinvading iisperm iiand
iiallows iithe iiacrosome iisection iito iioccur
dictyate ii- iiAnswers ii-period iiof iitime iiduring iiwhich iiprimary iioocyte iiis iiarrested iiin
iiprophase iiI iiuntil iiovulation
Androgen iibinding iiprotein ii(ABP) iifunction ii- iiAnswers ii-ensures iithat iitestosterone
iiconcentration iiin iiseminiferous iitubule iiis iihigh
Testosterone iifunction ii- iiAnswers ii-differentiates iimale iigenitalia, iihas iianabolic iieffects
iion iiprotein iimetabolism, iimaintains iigametogenesis, iimaintains iilibido, iiinhibits iiGnRH
ovum ii- iiAnswers ii-A iimature iiegg iicell iiwith iiboth iipaternal iiand iimaternal iipronuclei;
iiwhen iithe iipronuclei iifuse, iithe iiovum iibecomes iia iizygote
phases iiof iiovarian iicycle ii- iiAnswers ii-follicular, iiovulation, iiluteal
phases iiof iiuterine iicycle ii- iiAnswers ii-menstrual, iiproliferative, iisecretory
sperm iicapacitation ii- iiAnswers ii-set iiof iichanges iiin iifemale iireproductive iitract iithat
iialters iithe iisperm's iimembrane iifluidity, iimembrane iipotential, iiand iiincreases iisperm
iimotility; iicapacitated iisperm iican iibind iizone iipellucida iito iitrigger iiacrosomal iireaction
cortical iireaction ii- iiAnswers ii-egg iireleases iienzymes ii(cortical iigranules) iithat iiprevent
iipolyspermy
acrosomal iireaction ii- iiAnswers ii-when iithe iicapacitated iisperm iibinds iithe iizona
iipellucida, iiit iireleases iienzyme ii(from iithe iiacrosome iion iisperm iihead) iithat iibreak
iidown iithe iizona iipellucida iiand iiplasma iimembrane iiso iisperm iican iipenetrate iiegg
what iiare iithe iifirst iicells iito iidifferentiate iifrom iia iifertilized iiegg? ii- iiAnswers ii-trophoblast
iicells ii(develop iiinner iicytotrophoblasts iiand iiouter iisyncytiotrophoblasts)
what iicells iisecrete iihCG iiupon iiblastocyst iiimplantation iiinto iiendometrial iilining? ii-
iiAnswers ii-syncytiotrophoblast
When iidoes iithe iicorpus iiluteum iidegenerate ii(replaced iiby iiplacenta)? ii- iiAnswers ii-in
iithe iisecond iitrimester
Why iidoes iiHbF iihave iihigher iiaffinity iifor iiO2? ii- iiAnswers ii-its iigamma iisubunit iihas iia
iiweaker iipositive iicharge, iiso ii2,3BPG iihas iiless iiof iian iiaffect iion iidecreasing iiits iiaffinity
iifor iiO2 iithan iiit iidoes iion iiHbA
