NURSING PHARMACOLOGY (DRUGS). THE LATEST DRUG
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)
Clopidogrel - ANSWER- decreases platelet aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
thrombosis or stroke. Major ses include risk of major GI bleeding. This drug is not an NSAID and
does not inhibit COX.
Chlorpromazine - ANSWER- FGA, low potency, treats positive symptoms. SE: Sedation,
orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects. NOTE: it may take up to 6 weeks to see effects.
Cromolyn - ANSWER- mast cell stabilizer, inhaled, for asthma or allergies.
Diphenhydramine - ANSWER- 1st Generation H1 Competitive Antagonist; antihistamine
(benadryl), sedation effects.
Digoxin - ANSWER- "Medication prescribed for treating heart failure and some dysrhythmias.
It is an ionotropic agent with narrow therapeutic index. Increases myocardial contractility and
cardiac output. Improves symptoms but not shown to increase life expectancy. Significant
cardiotoxicity requires monitoring of drug levels and K+ levels.
Epinephrine - ANSWER- Mixed Alpha/Beta Adrenergic Receptor Agonists (Nonselective).
Dabigatrine - ANSWER- direct thrombin inhibitor, (PO).
Dextromethorphan - ANSWER- non opioid antitussive.
,Enoxaparin - ANSWER- low molecular weight heparin; indirect inhibitor, a shorter form of
heparin, can be given using a fixed dose with no aptt monitoring. Inactivates ONLY Xa. Subq only.
Can be used at home.
Exenatide - ANSWER- incretin mimetic; Activates receptors for GLP-1. Increases insulin
secretion; slows GI absorption of glucose and gastric emptying. [-ide, acts similar to tolbutamide].
Fexofenadine - ANSWER- 2nd gen antihistamine, H1 competitive antagonist (allegra), lesser
sedative effects.
Dopamine - ANSWER- "Inotropic agent that requires constant BP/EKG monitoring. Activates
beta1 AR in heart and increases contractility and HR (risk of tachycardia). Dilates renal blood
vessels and increases urine output via receptor activation in the kidney.
Erythromycin - ANSWER- Macrolid; Static, narrow (G+), inhibits protein synthesis.
Ses: GI; ddis with 3A4 inhibitors (cardiotoxic) and antidysrythmics".
Furosemide - ANSWER- Loop diuretic. Site of action in the nephron is the Loop of Henley.
Can cause hypokalemia. Diuretics increase the risk of dysrhythmias in a patient taking digoxin by
promoting potassium loss.
Used for HTN and HF. Works with low GFR.
Gemfibrozil - ANSWER- fibroacid derivative, lowers triglycerides
Gentamicin - ANSWER- Cidal, narrow (G-)--> ONLY ONE. Lethal inhibition of protien
synthesis (ONLY ONE THAT DOES THIS).
, SE: Ototoxic (High pitch tinnitus and headache), Kidney problems (nephrotoxicity).
Hypersensitivity, Neuro-mm'r blockade=resp. Depression. KNOW THESE GENTAMICIN ses."
Glucagon - ANSWER- treats hypoglycemia; carbohydrate; opposite effects of insulin
Glyburide - ANSWER- 2nd generation sulfonylurea; stimulates insulin release in pancreas;
Same as Tolbutamide, but more potent. [-ide];
Haloperidol - ANSWER- FGA, high potency; treats positive symptoms. SE: EPS (Acute-
dystonia, parkinsons-like, akathesia and Late- Tardive Dyskinesia) and NMS. Immediate effects.
Only used in emergent situation, b/c of SE.
Albuterol - ANSWER- (SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for bronchospasm,
acute symptoms of asthma
Acetaminophen - ANSWER- centrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic
properties; no anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic properties
Acyclovir - ANSWER- Antimetabolite for Treating Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster
Virus Infections;
Moas: Purine nucleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of viral DNA,
resistance.
Amiodarone - ANSWER- Class 3 Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)
Clopidogrel - ANSWER- decreases platelet aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
thrombosis or stroke. Major ses include risk of major GI bleeding. This drug is not an NSAID and
does not inhibit COX.
Chlorpromazine - ANSWER- FGA, low potency, treats positive symptoms. SE: Sedation,
orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects. NOTE: it may take up to 6 weeks to see effects.
Cromolyn - ANSWER- mast cell stabilizer, inhaled, for asthma or allergies.
Diphenhydramine - ANSWER- 1st Generation H1 Competitive Antagonist; antihistamine
(benadryl), sedation effects.
Digoxin - ANSWER- "Medication prescribed for treating heart failure and some dysrhythmias.
It is an ionotropic agent with narrow therapeutic index. Increases myocardial contractility and
cardiac output. Improves symptoms but not shown to increase life expectancy. Significant
cardiotoxicity requires monitoring of drug levels and K+ levels.
Epinephrine - ANSWER- Mixed Alpha/Beta Adrenergic Receptor Agonists (Nonselective).
Dabigatrine - ANSWER- direct thrombin inhibitor, (PO).
Dextromethorphan - ANSWER- non opioid antitussive.
,Enoxaparin - ANSWER- low molecular weight heparin; indirect inhibitor, a shorter form of
heparin, can be given using a fixed dose with no aptt monitoring. Inactivates ONLY Xa. Subq only.
Can be used at home.
Exenatide - ANSWER- incretin mimetic; Activates receptors for GLP-1. Increases insulin
secretion; slows GI absorption of glucose and gastric emptying. [-ide, acts similar to tolbutamide].
Fexofenadine - ANSWER- 2nd gen antihistamine, H1 competitive antagonist (allegra), lesser
sedative effects.
Dopamine - ANSWER- "Inotropic agent that requires constant BP/EKG monitoring. Activates
beta1 AR in heart and increases contractility and HR (risk of tachycardia). Dilates renal blood
vessels and increases urine output via receptor activation in the kidney.
Erythromycin - ANSWER- Macrolid; Static, narrow (G+), inhibits protein synthesis.
Ses: GI; ddis with 3A4 inhibitors (cardiotoxic) and antidysrythmics".
Furosemide - ANSWER- Loop diuretic. Site of action in the nephron is the Loop of Henley.
Can cause hypokalemia. Diuretics increase the risk of dysrhythmias in a patient taking digoxin by
promoting potassium loss.
Used for HTN and HF. Works with low GFR.
Gemfibrozil - ANSWER- fibroacid derivative, lowers triglycerides
Gentamicin - ANSWER- Cidal, narrow (G-)--> ONLY ONE. Lethal inhibition of protien
synthesis (ONLY ONE THAT DOES THIS).
, SE: Ototoxic (High pitch tinnitus and headache), Kidney problems (nephrotoxicity).
Hypersensitivity, Neuro-mm'r blockade=resp. Depression. KNOW THESE GENTAMICIN ses."
Glucagon - ANSWER- treats hypoglycemia; carbohydrate; opposite effects of insulin
Glyburide - ANSWER- 2nd generation sulfonylurea; stimulates insulin release in pancreas;
Same as Tolbutamide, but more potent. [-ide];
Haloperidol - ANSWER- FGA, high potency; treats positive symptoms. SE: EPS (Acute-
dystonia, parkinsons-like, akathesia and Late- Tardive Dyskinesia) and NMS. Immediate effects.
Only used in emergent situation, b/c of SE.
Albuterol - ANSWER- (SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for bronchospasm,
acute symptoms of asthma
Acetaminophen - ANSWER- centrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic
properties; no anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic properties
Acyclovir - ANSWER- Antimetabolite for Treating Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster
Virus Infections;
Moas: Purine nucleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of viral DNA,
resistance.
Amiodarone - ANSWER- Class 3 Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
