Organic Chemistry Unit Grade 12 Chemistry (Guaranteed correct answers for high-level exams)

Organic Chemistry Unit Grade 12
Chemistry (Guaranteed correct answers
for high-level exams)
Alkanes - ANSWER-suffix "ane"

single bonded hydrocarbons

saturated

non-polar

london forces



Alkenes - ANSWER-suffix "ene"

at least one double bond

unsaturated

non-polar

london forces



Alkynes - ANSWER-suffix "yne"

at least one triple bond

unsaturated

non-polar

london forces



Cylic hydrocarbons - ANSWER-prefix "cyclo"

hydrocarbons that form rings

alkanes, alkenes, alkynes



Aromatic hydrocarbons - ANSWER-suffix "benzene" if it is the root

, prefix "phenyl" if it is a branch

benzene rings



Special branch names - ANSWER-Isobutyl (CH2 bonded to CH with two CH3 bonded to
it)

Isopropyl (CH with two CH3 bonded to it)

Ortho (CH3 bonded to the 1st and 2nd carbons on a benzene ring)

Meta (CH3 bonded to the 1st and 3rd carbons on a benzene ring)

Para (CH3 bonded to the 1st and 4th carbons on a benzene ring)



Organic Halides - ANSWER-halogens as branches

F - fluro, Cl - chloro, Br - bromo, I - iodo

polar

london forces, dipole dipole



Alcohols - ANSWER-OH anywhere in the chain

suffix "ol"

polar, long chains can be non-polar

london, dipole dipole, hydrogen

reactions - hydration, dehydration, combustion



Ethers - ANSWER-O in the middle of the chain

add "oxy" to the prefix of the smaller hydrocarbon

polar

london, dipole dipole

reaction - condensation



Aldehydes - - ANSWER-double bonded O at the end

suffix "al"