IB Organic Chemistry (HL) Questions with top-rated exam answers for high grades

chiral carbon - ANSWER-A carbon that is singly bonded to 4 different atoms forming a tetrahedron that forms non-superimposable mirror images homolytic fission - ANSWER-breaking a bond where each electron in a bond goes to one atom heterolytic fission - ANSWER-breaking a bond where both electrons in a bond goes to one atom homologous series - ANSWER-A series of molecules that have the same general formula but differ by the number of CH2's, has similar chemical properties and a gradation in physical properties enantiomers - ANSWER-two molecules that contain chiral centers that are mirror images from each other racemic mixture - ANSWER-A mixture that contains equal numbers of enantiomers nucleophile - ANSWER-particles with lone pairs that are attracted to +ve or partially +ve atoms electrophile - ANSWER-particles that are +ve that are attracted to negatively charged or particles with lone pairs reflux - ANSWER-a laboratory technique of heating a substance and then cooling it in a reflux condenser so that all organic reactants fully react distillation - ANSWER-boiling off a organic solvent with a lower boiling point and then condensing it in a condensing tube to collect that organic solvent