TEST BANK 0 0
Pathophysiology 7th Edition 0 0
Jacquelyn L. Banasik - ISBN: 9780323761550
0 0 0 0 0
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
,Chapter001:0Introduction0to0Pathophysiology
Banasik:0Pathophysiology,07th0Edition0
MULTIPLE0CHOICE
1. C.Q.0was0recently0exposed0to0group0A0hemolytic0Streptococcus0and0subsequently0developed0
a0pharyngeal0infection.0His0clinic0examination0reveals0an0oral0temperature0of0102.30F,0skin0rash,0dysp
hagia,0and0reddened0throat0mucosa0with0multiple0pustules.0He0complains0of0sore0throat,0malaise,0an
d0joint0stiffness.0A0throat0culture0is0positive0for0Streptococcus,0and0antibiotics0have0been0prescribed.
The0etiology0of0C.Q.’s0disease0is
a. a0sore0throat.
b. streptococcal0infection.
c. genetic0susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:0B
Etiology0refers0to0the0proposed0cause0or0causes0of0a0particular0disease0process.0A0sore0throat0is0the
0manifestation0of0the0disease0process.0Genetic0susceptibility0refers0to0inherited0tendency0to0develo
p0a0disease.0Pharyngitis0refers0to0inflammation0of0the0throat0and0is0also0a0clinical0manifestation0of0t
he0disease0process.
2. A017-year-old0college-
bound0student0receives0a0vaccine0against0an0organism0that0causes0meningitis.0This0is0an0examp
le0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0A
NURSINGTB.COM
Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0altering0susceptibility0or0reducing0exposure0for0suscept
ible0individuals0by0providing0vaccination.0Secondary0prevention0is0the0early0detection,0screening,0and0
management0of0the0disease.0Tertiary0prevention0includes0rehabilitative0and0supportive0care0and
,attempts0to0alleviate0disability0and0restore0effective0functioning.0Disease0treatment0involv
es0management0of0the0disease0once0it0has0developed.
3. An0obese0but0otherwise0healthy0teen0is0given0a0prescription0for0a0low-
calorie0diet0and0exercise0program.0This0is0an0example0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0B
Secondary0prevention0is0the0early0detection,0screening,0and0management0of0the0disease0such0
as0prescribing0diet0and0exercise0for0an0individual0who0has0already0developed0obesity.
Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0altering0susceptibility0or0reducing0exposure0for0suscep
tible0individuals.0Tertiary0prevention0includes0rehabilitative0and0supportive0care0and0attempts0to0allevi
ate0disability0and0restore0effective0functioning.0Disease0treatment0involves0management0of0the0diseas
e0once0it0has0developed.
4. A0patient0with0high0blood0pressure0who0is0otherwise0healthy0is0counseled0to0restrict0sodiu
m0intake.0This0is0an0example0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0B
Secondary0prevention0is0the0early0detection,0screening,0and0management0of0the0disease,0such0as0by0p
rescribing0sodium0restriction0for0high0blood0pressure.0Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0
altering0susceptibility0or0reducing0exposure0for0susceptible0individuals.0Tertiary0prevention0includes0re
habilitative0and0supportive0care0and0attempts0to0alleviate0disability0and0restore0effective0functioning.0
Disease0treatment0involves0management0of0the0disease0once0it0has0developed.
, 5. After0suffering0a0heart0attack,0a0middle-aged0man0is0counseled0to0take0a0cholesterol-
lowering0medication.0This0is0an0example0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0C
Tertiary0prevention0includes0rehabilitative0and0supportive0care0and0attempts0to0alleviate0disability0an
d0restore0effective0functioning0such0as0prescribing0a0cholesterol-lowering
medication0following0a0heart0attack.0Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0altering0suscep
tibility0or0reducing0expUosuSre0fNor0sTusceptibOle0individuals.0Secondary0prevention0is0the
early0detection,0screening,0and0management0of0the0disease.0Disease0treatment0involves0management0
of0the0disease0once0it0has0developed.
6. A0patient0has0been0exposed0to0meningococcal0meningitis,0but0is0not0yet0demonstrating0signs0
of0this0disease.0This0stage0of0illness0is0called0the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence0
ANS:0B
Incubation0refers0to0the0interval0between0exposure0of0a0tissue0to0an0injurious0agent0and0the0first0appe
arance0of0signs0and0symptoms.0In0infectious0diseases,0this0period0is0often0called0the0incubation0(latent)
0period.0Prodromal0refers0to0the0appearance0of0the0first0signs0and0symptoms0indicating0the0onset0of0a0
disease.0These0are0often0nonspecific,0such0as0headache,0malaise,0anorexia,0and0nausea,0which0are0asso
ciated0with0a0number0of0different0diseases.
Sequela0refers0to0subsequent0pathologic0condition0resulting0from0a0disease.0Convalescence0is0the0sta
ge0of0recovery0after0a0disease,0injury,0or0surgical0operation.
7. A0disease0that0is0native0to0a0particular0region0is0called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
Pathophysiology 7th Edition 0 0
Jacquelyn L. Banasik - ISBN: 9780323761550
0 0 0 0 0
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
,Chapter001:0Introduction0to0Pathophysiology
Banasik:0Pathophysiology,07th0Edition0
MULTIPLE0CHOICE
1. C.Q.0was0recently0exposed0to0group0A0hemolytic0Streptococcus0and0subsequently0developed0
a0pharyngeal0infection.0His0clinic0examination0reveals0an0oral0temperature0of0102.30F,0skin0rash,0dysp
hagia,0and0reddened0throat0mucosa0with0multiple0pustules.0He0complains0of0sore0throat,0malaise,0an
d0joint0stiffness.0A0throat0culture0is0positive0for0Streptococcus,0and0antibiotics0have0been0prescribed.
The0etiology0of0C.Q.’s0disease0is
a. a0sore0throat.
b. streptococcal0infection.
c. genetic0susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:0B
Etiology0refers0to0the0proposed0cause0or0causes0of0a0particular0disease0process.0A0sore0throat0is0the
0manifestation0of0the0disease0process.0Genetic0susceptibility0refers0to0inherited0tendency0to0develo
p0a0disease.0Pharyngitis0refers0to0inflammation0of0the0throat0and0is0also0a0clinical0manifestation0of0t
he0disease0process.
2. A017-year-old0college-
bound0student0receives0a0vaccine0against0an0organism0that0causes0meningitis.0This0is0an0examp
le0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0A
NURSINGTB.COM
Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0altering0susceptibility0or0reducing0exposure0for0suscept
ible0individuals0by0providing0vaccination.0Secondary0prevention0is0the0early0detection,0screening,0and0
management0of0the0disease.0Tertiary0prevention0includes0rehabilitative0and0supportive0care0and
,attempts0to0alleviate0disability0and0restore0effective0functioning.0Disease0treatment0involv
es0management0of0the0disease0once0it0has0developed.
3. An0obese0but0otherwise0healthy0teen0is0given0a0prescription0for0a0low-
calorie0diet0and0exercise0program.0This0is0an0example0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0B
Secondary0prevention0is0the0early0detection,0screening,0and0management0of0the0disease0such0
as0prescribing0diet0and0exercise0for0an0individual0who0has0already0developed0obesity.
Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0altering0susceptibility0or0reducing0exposure0for0suscep
tible0individuals.0Tertiary0prevention0includes0rehabilitative0and0supportive0care0and0attempts0to0allevi
ate0disability0and0restore0effective0functioning.0Disease0treatment0involves0management0of0the0diseas
e0once0it0has0developed.
4. A0patient0with0high0blood0pressure0who0is0otherwise0healthy0is0counseled0to0restrict0sodiu
m0intake.0This0is0an0example0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0B
Secondary0prevention0is0the0early0detection,0screening,0and0management0of0the0disease,0such0as0by0p
rescribing0sodium0restriction0for0high0blood0pressure.0Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0
altering0susceptibility0or0reducing0exposure0for0susceptible0individuals.0Tertiary0prevention0includes0re
habilitative0and0supportive0care0and0attempts0to0alleviate0disability0and0restore0effective0functioning.0
Disease0treatment0involves0management0of0the0disease0once0it0has0developed.
, 5. After0suffering0a0heart0attack,0a0middle-aged0man0is0counseled0to0take0a0cholesterol-
lowering0medication.0This0is0an0example0of
a. primary0prevention.
b. secondary0prevention.
c. tertiary0prevention.
d. disease0treatment
.0ANS:0C
Tertiary0prevention0includes0rehabilitative0and0supportive0care0and0attempts0to0alleviate0disability0an
d0restore0effective0functioning0such0as0prescribing0a0cholesterol-lowering
medication0following0a0heart0attack.0Primary0prevention0is0prevention0of0disease0by0altering0suscep
tibility0or0reducing0expUosuSre0fNor0sTusceptibOle0individuals.0Secondary0prevention0is0the
early0detection,0screening,0and0management0of0the0disease.0Disease0treatment0involves0management0
of0the0disease0once0it0has0developed.
6. A0patient0has0been0exposed0to0meningococcal0meningitis,0but0is0not0yet0demonstrating0signs0
of0this0disease.0This0stage0of0illness0is0called0the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence0
ANS:0B
Incubation0refers0to0the0interval0between0exposure0of0a0tissue0to0an0injurious0agent0and0the0first0appe
arance0of0signs0and0symptoms.0In0infectious0diseases,0this0period0is0often0called0the0incubation0(latent)
0period.0Prodromal0refers0to0the0appearance0of0the0first0signs0and0symptoms0indicating0the0onset0of0a0
disease.0These0are0often0nonspecific,0such0as0headache,0malaise,0anorexia,0and0nausea,0which0are0asso
ciated0with0a0number0of0different0diseases.
Sequela0refers0to0subsequent0pathologic0condition0resulting0from0a0disease.0Convalescence0is0the0sta
ge0of0recovery0after0a0disease,0injury,0or0surgical0operation.
7. A0disease0that0is0native0to0a0particular0region0is0called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
