HESI Nutrition & Obstetrics/Maternity Practice Test Questions & Answers hould the PN include when reviewing the dietary plan? A) Restricted sodium intake. B) Increased protein intake. C) Restrict fluid intake. D) Increase potassium intake - ANSWERSA) Re

The practical nurse (PN) reviews the dietary treatment plan with a client who has ascites secondary to cirrhosis of the liver. Which information should the PN include when reviewing the dietary plan? A) Restricted sodium intake. B) Increased protein intake. C) Restrict fluid intake. D) Increase potassium intake - ANSWERSA) Restricted sodium intake. The practical nurse (PN) is discussing nutritional options with a female client who has mild hypertension. Which information should the PN recommend the client change in her daily diet? A) Avoid green leafy vegetables. B) Choose foods with simple sugars. C) Limit foods high in fiber. D) Decrease intake of canned foods. - ANSWERSD) Decrease intake of canned foods. The practical nurse (PN) is preparing a client for surgery. Which criteria should the PN use to determine a client's nutritional status before the procedure? A) Serum plasma albumin. B) Complete blood count. C) Subjective Global Assessment. D) A two week calorie count. - ANSWERSC) Subjective Global Assessment. The healthcare provider prescribes an oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) for a male client with polyuria and polydipsia. The client is instructed to be NPO after midnight. What should the client be advised to drink with his morning medications? A) Any clear liquids. B) Tea without sugar. C) Coffee without milk. D) Water without flavorings. - ANSWERSD) Water without flavorings. The healthcare provider prescribes a protein supplement for an older client who is recovering after surgery. What information should the practical nurse provide the family about the value of the supplement? A) An increase of protein supplies fuel for energy in the client. B) Additional protein promotes tissue healing postoperatively. C) Protein supplements stimulate the client's appetite. D) Increased protein satiates cravings for carbohydrates. - ANSWERSB) Additional protein promotes tissue healing postoperatively. During a nutrition consultation for elevated cholesterol, the dietician recommends that the client replace saturated fats with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats. What explanation should the practical nurse reenforce with the client about this change in fat in the diet? A) Lowers the amount of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. B) Lowers the amount of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the blood. C) Contributes to raising cholesterol levels in the blood. D) Contributes to raising triglycerides levels in the blood. - ANSWERSA) Lowers the amount of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. The practical nurse (PN) is preparing a client about a stool guaiac test. Which food should the PN tell the client to avoid 3 days prior to collecting the specimen for this test? A) Shellfish. B) Pasta. C) Raw broccoli. D) Peanut butter. - ANSWERSC) Raw broccoli. The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver. Which foods should be limited in the client's diet? A) Peanut butter. B) Collard greens. C) Eggs. D) Wheat bread. - ANSWERSA) Peanut butter. An elderly client in an assisted living community is refusing to eat during mealtime. The practical nurse (PN) discovers that the client has several mouth ulcers. What types of food should the PN suggest to promote intake and healing of ulcers? A) Poached or scrambled eggs. B) Hot soups and broths. C) Peanut butter crackers. D) Ice cream or milk shakes. - ANSWERSA) Poached or scrambled eggs. The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing the teaching to a pregnant client about her dietary needs. What amount of protein grams/day should the PN recommend that the client add to her daily diet? A) Add 50 grams/day to each meal. B) Divide pregnant weight by 2 equals protein needs. C) Add 15 grams/day to each meal. D) Divide pre-pregnant weight by 2 equals protein needs. - ANSWERSD) Divide pre-pregnant weight by 2 equals protein needs. The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a group of clients who are on on a high protein diet. Which client's condition is most likely to experience the most therapeutic response with this diet? A) Client with cardiovascular disease. B) Client recovering from illness or surgery. C) Client who is experiencing a stressful life event. D) Client who exercises regularly after sporadic activity. - ANSWERSB) Client recovering from illness or surgery. The practical nurse (PN) obtains the assistance of an interpreter when caring for a primiparous client from Mexico who speaks very little English and delivered a full-term neonate yesterday. When reinforcing the postpartum dietary plan of care for the client, what should the PN tell the interpreter to encourage the client to include in her diet? (Select all that apply.) A) Red meats. B) Leafy green vegetables. C) Corn. D) Potatoes. E) Fresh fruits. - ANSWERSA) Red meats. B) Leafy green vegetables. E) Fresh fruits. The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing the importance of increasing magnesium in the diet for a primigravida. The client asks why this is important? What information should the PN provide about magnesium needs during pregnancy? A) Enhances the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and fats. B) Aids in prevention of demineralization of bone. C) Assists with metabolism of amino acids. D) Facilitates the synthesis of neural pathways in the fetus. - ANSWERSA) Enhances the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and fats. The practical nurse (PN) is assisting an Orthodox Jewish client who has dementia make weekly dinner choices in an assisted living community. Which main course selections should the PN suggest that are suitable for a kosher diet? A) Lamb chops with mint jelly. B) Crab cakes with cocktail sauce. C) Pork chops with cranberry relish. D) Steak with cream sauce. - ANSWERSA) Lamb chops with mint jelly. The practical nurse (PN) receives four new admissions in an assisted living community. After reviewing the clients' medical histories, which client should the PN evaluate for a higher caloric diet? A) A client with osteoporosis. B) A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. C) A client with rheumatoid arthritis. D) A client with bacterial pneumonia. - ANSWERSD) A client with bacterial pneumonia. The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with heart failure (HF). What outcome of diet therapy should the PN evaluate as a therapeutic response for this client? A) Control fluid balance. B) Promote weight loss. C) Decrease cholesterol intake. D) Manage blood pressure. - ANSWERSA) Control fluid balance. A Chinese male client who moves into an assisted living community is concerned that the community will not be able to meet his dietary preferences. What should the practical nurse include in the diet for this client based on his cultural group? A) Dairy products. B) Vegetables. C) Pork and beef. D) Cakes and pies. - ANSWERSB) Vegetables. Which foods should the practical nurse (PN) recommend for a client who is receiving chemotherapy? (Select all that apply) A) Cooked broccoli, cauliflower and boiled eggs. B) Orange juice. C) Baked potatoes. D) Pastries. E) Pastas. F) Fried chicken. - ANSWERSA) Cooked broccoli, cauliflower and boiled eggs. C) Baked potatoes. E) Pastas The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing the education of a client who receives a new prescription, nifedipine (Procardia), for blood pressure management. Which dietary beverage should the PN direct the client to avoid while taking this medication? A) Cranberry juice. B) Tomato juice. C) Soy milk. D) Grapefruit juice. - ANSWERSD) Grapefruit juice.