Chapter 1-4 Anatomy and Physiology
A hydrogen bond is - ✔✔a weak attraction between hydrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule)
and the oxygen or nitrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule). Rather than holding atoms
together within a molecule like covalent and ionic bonds do, hydrogen bonds typically occur between
molecules or regions of a molecule. The attraction is due to the slight positive charge found on hydrogen
that is in a polar covalent bond and the slight negative charge found on either oxygen or nitrogen that
are also in a polar covalent bond.
A hydrogen bond is - ✔✔a weak attraction between hydrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule)
and the oxygen or nitrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule). Rather than holding atoms
together within a molecule like covalent and ionic bonds do, hydrogen bonds typically occur between
molecules or regions of a molecule. The attraction is due to the slight positive charge found on hydrogen
that is in a polar covalent bond and the slight negative charge found on either oxygen or nitrogen that
are also in a polar covalent bond.
abdominal - ✔✔region of trunk between diaphragm and pelvis
abdominal - ✔✔region of trunk between diaphragm and pelvis
Acid - ✔✔substance that releases H+ in water
Acid - ✔✔substance that releases H+ in water
acromial - ✔✔point of shoulder
acromial - ✔✔point of shoulder
Active transport - ✔✔movement of solutes across a membrane from an area of low concentration to
high concentration using both energy and protein carriers.. Anchoring proteins - ✔✔serve as
attachment points for the cytoskeleton to provide structural support and shape.
,. Anchoring proteins - ✔✔serve as attachment points for the cytoskeleton to provide structural support
and shape.
.Cephalic - ✔✔head
(glandular epitheluim)Secretions are called hormones - ✔✔Exocrine contain ducts. Secretions flow onto
surface of covering & lining epithelium via tubelike ducts. Secretions include= mucus, perspiration, skin
oil, ear wax, milk and digestive enzymes (sweat glands and salivary glands)
(glandular epitheluim)Secretions are called hormones - ✔✔Exocrine contain ducts. Secretions flow onto
surface of covering & lining epithelium via tubelike ducts. Secretions include= mucus, perspiration, skin
oil, ear wax, milk and digestive enzymes (sweat glands and salivary glands)
(microvilli - ✔✔cytoplasmic projections that increase membrane surface area). Functions to propel fluids
or particles along passageway and in secretion and absorption. It lines the stomach, intestine gallbladder
and uterine tubes.
(microvilli - ✔✔cytoplasmic projections that increase membrane surface area). Functions to propel fluids
or particles along passageway and in secretion and absorption. It lines the stomach, intestine gallbladder
and uterine tubes.
1) embryonic connective tissue (mesenchyme) - ✔✔...
2) Connective tissue proper - ✔✔...
3 bases of DNA - ✔✔1 word in the genetic language and represents an amino acid
3 bases of DNA - ✔✔1 word in the genetic language and represents an amino acid
3) Cartilage - ✔✔...
,4) Bone - ✔✔...
5) Blood - ✔✔...
Active transport - ✔✔movement of solutes across a membrane from an area of low concentration to
high concentration using both energy and protein carriers.
Adipocytes - ✔✔have large lipid droplets which squeeze the organelles to the periphery of the cell. The
number of adipocytes varies from one type of CT to another and between individuals.
Adipocytes - ✔✔have large lipid droplets which squeeze the organelles to the periphery of the cell. The
number of adipocytes varies from one type of CT to another and between individuals.
Adipose connective tissue - ✔✔contains specialized cells called adipocytes make up ,most of the volume
of the tissue.
Adipose connective tissue - ✔✔contains specialized cells called adipocytes make up ,most of the volume
of the tissue.
Adipose tissue located - ✔✔primarily in the subcutaneous layer of skin and surrounding the heart &
kidneys. also found in yellow bone marrow of long bones, padding around joints, and behind eyeball in
eye socket.
Adipose tissue located - ✔✔primarily in the subcutaneous layer of skin and surrounding the heart &
kidneys. also found in yellow bone marrow of long bones, padding around joints, and behind eyeball in
eye socket.
Adipose tissue provides and functions how - ✔✔insulation, an energy reserve, support, protection and
thermogenesis (brown fat) in infants.
, Adipose tissue provides and functions how - ✔✔insulation, an energy reserve, support, protection and
thermogenesis (brown fat) in infants.
ADP - ✔✔(adenosine diphosphate)
ADP - ✔✔(adenosine diphosphate)
Also due to hydrogen bonds, - ✔✔water functions to stabilize temperature because it resists
temperature changes (has high specific heat). In order to change the temperature of any substance, the
molecules must move faster. To make water molecules move faster, we first have to break hydrogen
bonds, which requires energy. Using the same reasoning, water also does not change to the gaseous
state easily (has high heat of vaporization). In addition, because of hydrogen bonds, when water freezes
there is a lot of space between molecules. This makes water in its solid state less dense that water in its
liquid state (ice floats). If ice did not float, life on earth would probably not exist (at least in areas
subjected to freezing temperatures because after freezing at the interface with the air the ice would
sink, then more water would freeze and sink, etc. Soon the entire body of water would be frozen solid.
Also due to hydrogen bonds, - ✔✔water functions to stabilize temperature because it resists
temperature changes (has high specific heat). In order to change the temperature of any substance, the
molecules must move faster. To make water molecules move faster, we first have to break hydrogen
bonds, which requires energy. Using the same reasoning, water also does not change to the gaseous
state easily (has high heat of vaporization). In addition, because of hydrogen bonds, when water freezes
there is a lot of space between molecules. This makes water in its solid state less dense that water in its
liquid state (ice floats). If ice did not float, life on earth would probably not exist (at least in areas
subjected to freezing temperatures because after freezing at the interface with the air the ice would
sink, then more water would freeze and sink, etc. Soon the entire body of water would be frozen solid.
Amino acids - ✔✔are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins;
Amino acids - ✔✔are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins;
Anabolism - ✔✔metabolic activities that result in build large molecules from smaller components .
Anabolism - ✔✔metabolic activities that result in build large molecules from smaller components .
A hydrogen bond is - ✔✔a weak attraction between hydrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule)
and the oxygen or nitrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule). Rather than holding atoms
together within a molecule like covalent and ionic bonds do, hydrogen bonds typically occur between
molecules or regions of a molecule. The attraction is due to the slight positive charge found on hydrogen
that is in a polar covalent bond and the slight negative charge found on either oxygen or nitrogen that
are also in a polar covalent bond.
A hydrogen bond is - ✔✔a weak attraction between hydrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule)
and the oxygen or nitrogen of one molecule (or section of molecule). Rather than holding atoms
together within a molecule like covalent and ionic bonds do, hydrogen bonds typically occur between
molecules or regions of a molecule. The attraction is due to the slight positive charge found on hydrogen
that is in a polar covalent bond and the slight negative charge found on either oxygen or nitrogen that
are also in a polar covalent bond.
abdominal - ✔✔region of trunk between diaphragm and pelvis
abdominal - ✔✔region of trunk between diaphragm and pelvis
Acid - ✔✔substance that releases H+ in water
Acid - ✔✔substance that releases H+ in water
acromial - ✔✔point of shoulder
acromial - ✔✔point of shoulder
Active transport - ✔✔movement of solutes across a membrane from an area of low concentration to
high concentration using both energy and protein carriers.. Anchoring proteins - ✔✔serve as
attachment points for the cytoskeleton to provide structural support and shape.
,. Anchoring proteins - ✔✔serve as attachment points for the cytoskeleton to provide structural support
and shape.
.Cephalic - ✔✔head
(glandular epitheluim)Secretions are called hormones - ✔✔Exocrine contain ducts. Secretions flow onto
surface of covering & lining epithelium via tubelike ducts. Secretions include= mucus, perspiration, skin
oil, ear wax, milk and digestive enzymes (sweat glands and salivary glands)
(glandular epitheluim)Secretions are called hormones - ✔✔Exocrine contain ducts. Secretions flow onto
surface of covering & lining epithelium via tubelike ducts. Secretions include= mucus, perspiration, skin
oil, ear wax, milk and digestive enzymes (sweat glands and salivary glands)
(microvilli - ✔✔cytoplasmic projections that increase membrane surface area). Functions to propel fluids
or particles along passageway and in secretion and absorption. It lines the stomach, intestine gallbladder
and uterine tubes.
(microvilli - ✔✔cytoplasmic projections that increase membrane surface area). Functions to propel fluids
or particles along passageway and in secretion and absorption. It lines the stomach, intestine gallbladder
and uterine tubes.
1) embryonic connective tissue (mesenchyme) - ✔✔...
2) Connective tissue proper - ✔✔...
3 bases of DNA - ✔✔1 word in the genetic language and represents an amino acid
3 bases of DNA - ✔✔1 word in the genetic language and represents an amino acid
3) Cartilage - ✔✔...
,4) Bone - ✔✔...
5) Blood - ✔✔...
Active transport - ✔✔movement of solutes across a membrane from an area of low concentration to
high concentration using both energy and protein carriers.
Adipocytes - ✔✔have large lipid droplets which squeeze the organelles to the periphery of the cell. The
number of adipocytes varies from one type of CT to another and between individuals.
Adipocytes - ✔✔have large lipid droplets which squeeze the organelles to the periphery of the cell. The
number of adipocytes varies from one type of CT to another and between individuals.
Adipose connective tissue - ✔✔contains specialized cells called adipocytes make up ,most of the volume
of the tissue.
Adipose connective tissue - ✔✔contains specialized cells called adipocytes make up ,most of the volume
of the tissue.
Adipose tissue located - ✔✔primarily in the subcutaneous layer of skin and surrounding the heart &
kidneys. also found in yellow bone marrow of long bones, padding around joints, and behind eyeball in
eye socket.
Adipose tissue located - ✔✔primarily in the subcutaneous layer of skin and surrounding the heart &
kidneys. also found in yellow bone marrow of long bones, padding around joints, and behind eyeball in
eye socket.
Adipose tissue provides and functions how - ✔✔insulation, an energy reserve, support, protection and
thermogenesis (brown fat) in infants.
, Adipose tissue provides and functions how - ✔✔insulation, an energy reserve, support, protection and
thermogenesis (brown fat) in infants.
ADP - ✔✔(adenosine diphosphate)
ADP - ✔✔(adenosine diphosphate)
Also due to hydrogen bonds, - ✔✔water functions to stabilize temperature because it resists
temperature changes (has high specific heat). In order to change the temperature of any substance, the
molecules must move faster. To make water molecules move faster, we first have to break hydrogen
bonds, which requires energy. Using the same reasoning, water also does not change to the gaseous
state easily (has high heat of vaporization). In addition, because of hydrogen bonds, when water freezes
there is a lot of space between molecules. This makes water in its solid state less dense that water in its
liquid state (ice floats). If ice did not float, life on earth would probably not exist (at least in areas
subjected to freezing temperatures because after freezing at the interface with the air the ice would
sink, then more water would freeze and sink, etc. Soon the entire body of water would be frozen solid.
Also due to hydrogen bonds, - ✔✔water functions to stabilize temperature because it resists
temperature changes (has high specific heat). In order to change the temperature of any substance, the
molecules must move faster. To make water molecules move faster, we first have to break hydrogen
bonds, which requires energy. Using the same reasoning, water also does not change to the gaseous
state easily (has high heat of vaporization). In addition, because of hydrogen bonds, when water freezes
there is a lot of space between molecules. This makes water in its solid state less dense that water in its
liquid state (ice floats). If ice did not float, life on earth would probably not exist (at least in areas
subjected to freezing temperatures because after freezing at the interface with the air the ice would
sink, then more water would freeze and sink, etc. Soon the entire body of water would be frozen solid.
Amino acids - ✔✔are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins;
Amino acids - ✔✔are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins;
Anabolism - ✔✔metabolic activities that result in build large molecules from smaller components .
Anabolism - ✔✔metabolic activities that result in build large molecules from smaller components .
