NBME practice Exam #1 Questions And
Answers
Mitotic cyclin synthesis - - correct answer ✅G2 phase
Vitamin E def anemia - - correct answer ✅Hemolytic anemia~ red
antioxidants vs B12 def (megaloblastic macrocytic anemia)
Hemolysis~ dec Hgb/hematocrit, inc LDH (normal MCV), and neurologic
symptoms
vs B12 def: dec Hgb/hematocrit, inc MCV, and neurologic symptoms
(dorsal column)
Volume of distribution - - correct answer ✅Vd = (amount of drug in the
body) / (plasma drug concentration)
Achondroplasia - - correct answer ✅Endochondrial ossification
dysfunction (inhibit chondrocyte proliferation)
TGF beta over expression - - correct answer ✅Fibroblast growth factor
~ keloid and hypertrophic scar development
Thyroglossal duct cyst - - correct answer ✅a palpable cystic midline
mass (fill w/mucous) in the neck sub>supra hyoid bone ~incomplete
closure of the thyroglossal duct lined by lymphoid and mucous cells
Connects tongue to thyroid gland developing: originates from tongue
tissue
,NBME practice Exam #1 Questions And
Answers
Doesn't close completely-> cyst (fill w/mucous)
-enlarge in infections, inc mucous, form thyroid cancer via ectopic
thyroid tissue
Moves w/tongue mvmt
Immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) - - correct answer ✅Measurement
in blood of newborn babies is an assay in rapidly increasing use as a
screening test for cystic fibrosis
Positive~ CF (2 mutations- AR to cause CF phenotype)
Mullerian agenesis (Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome) vs
androgen insensitivity - - correct answer ✅Both present w/blind
vaginal pouch and absent 1st menstrual period
AI: XY w/absent hair development (inc tesoterone-> estrogen
production and female characteristics) MIF still made in embryo, also
may be very tall~ lack of androgen mediated growth plate closure
MA: XX w/NORMAL hair development
suspensory ligament of ovary - - correct answer ✅Ligament that
contains ovarian vessels
-posterior to ligament~ ureter
Oophorectomy: divides suspensory ligament~ risk of ovarian vessel of
ureter damage
,NBME practice Exam #1 Questions And
Answers
Ureter: also runs behind the uterine artery (F) and vas deferens (M)
near its entrance to the bladder
delirium tremens (DTs) - - correct answer ✅the dramatic physical and
psychological effects of alcohol withdrawal
-> autonomic instability~ hypokalemia (catecholamine mediated
intracellular shifts of K+ via inc Na/K+ ATPase activity)-> arrythmias
Beneficence - - correct answer ✅weighing risks and costs of procedure
against the benefits of treat ment vs nonmaleficence: avoiding the
causation of harm
Zellweger syndrome - - correct answer ✅Peroxisomal disease
can't metabolize very long chain FA (VLCFAs) or branched-chain FAs (e.g.
phytanic acid, via alpha-oxidation)
Serum: high bilirubin, AST/ALT and VLFAs**
Can't form myelin in CNS.
Hypotonia, seizures, hepatomegaly, jaundice, MR, facial defects-look
like jimmy neutron
Myositis ossificans - - correct answer ✅a condition in which bone
forms in and replaces muscle tissue~Ca deposition as a result of trauma
, NBME practice Exam #1 Questions And
Answers
Radiation therapy - - correct answer ✅treatment of cancer with a
radioactive substance, x-ray, or radiation~ Free radical (OH-) formation ~
Xray or gamma
Obstructive sleep apnea - - correct answer ✅inc BMI,
progressive/chronic daytime sleepiness and fatigue
-awakes in the middle of the night: hypoxemia and hypercapnia ~ resp
depression
Complications: Peripheral edema and loud S2 ~ systemic HTN
(sympathetic overstimulation when O2 drops too low) leading to
vasoconstriction and inc HR
Pulmonary HTN~ RHF (transient hypoxemia at night)
vs central SA: loss of resp drive
Peptide transporter (TAP) - - correct answer ✅MHC Class I+
endogenous antigen ~ transporter associated w/antigen processing
(TAP processing)
vs
MHC class II + invariant chain~ acidified endosome
HLA D - - correct answer ✅HLA A-C~ 1 letter ~ MHC Class I
vs
HLA DP, Q, R~ 2 letters ~ MHC Classs II
Answers
Mitotic cyclin synthesis - - correct answer ✅G2 phase
Vitamin E def anemia - - correct answer ✅Hemolytic anemia~ red
antioxidants vs B12 def (megaloblastic macrocytic anemia)
Hemolysis~ dec Hgb/hematocrit, inc LDH (normal MCV), and neurologic
symptoms
vs B12 def: dec Hgb/hematocrit, inc MCV, and neurologic symptoms
(dorsal column)
Volume of distribution - - correct answer ✅Vd = (amount of drug in the
body) / (plasma drug concentration)
Achondroplasia - - correct answer ✅Endochondrial ossification
dysfunction (inhibit chondrocyte proliferation)
TGF beta over expression - - correct answer ✅Fibroblast growth factor
~ keloid and hypertrophic scar development
Thyroglossal duct cyst - - correct answer ✅a palpable cystic midline
mass (fill w/mucous) in the neck sub>supra hyoid bone ~incomplete
closure of the thyroglossal duct lined by lymphoid and mucous cells
Connects tongue to thyroid gland developing: originates from tongue
tissue
,NBME practice Exam #1 Questions And
Answers
Doesn't close completely-> cyst (fill w/mucous)
-enlarge in infections, inc mucous, form thyroid cancer via ectopic
thyroid tissue
Moves w/tongue mvmt
Immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) - - correct answer ✅Measurement
in blood of newborn babies is an assay in rapidly increasing use as a
screening test for cystic fibrosis
Positive~ CF (2 mutations- AR to cause CF phenotype)
Mullerian agenesis (Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome) vs
androgen insensitivity - - correct answer ✅Both present w/blind
vaginal pouch and absent 1st menstrual period
AI: XY w/absent hair development (inc tesoterone-> estrogen
production and female characteristics) MIF still made in embryo, also
may be very tall~ lack of androgen mediated growth plate closure
MA: XX w/NORMAL hair development
suspensory ligament of ovary - - correct answer ✅Ligament that
contains ovarian vessels
-posterior to ligament~ ureter
Oophorectomy: divides suspensory ligament~ risk of ovarian vessel of
ureter damage
,NBME practice Exam #1 Questions And
Answers
Ureter: also runs behind the uterine artery (F) and vas deferens (M)
near its entrance to the bladder
delirium tremens (DTs) - - correct answer ✅the dramatic physical and
psychological effects of alcohol withdrawal
-> autonomic instability~ hypokalemia (catecholamine mediated
intracellular shifts of K+ via inc Na/K+ ATPase activity)-> arrythmias
Beneficence - - correct answer ✅weighing risks and costs of procedure
against the benefits of treat ment vs nonmaleficence: avoiding the
causation of harm
Zellweger syndrome - - correct answer ✅Peroxisomal disease
can't metabolize very long chain FA (VLCFAs) or branched-chain FAs (e.g.
phytanic acid, via alpha-oxidation)
Serum: high bilirubin, AST/ALT and VLFAs**
Can't form myelin in CNS.
Hypotonia, seizures, hepatomegaly, jaundice, MR, facial defects-look
like jimmy neutron
Myositis ossificans - - correct answer ✅a condition in which bone
forms in and replaces muscle tissue~Ca deposition as a result of trauma
, NBME practice Exam #1 Questions And
Answers
Radiation therapy - - correct answer ✅treatment of cancer with a
radioactive substance, x-ray, or radiation~ Free radical (OH-) formation ~
Xray or gamma
Obstructive sleep apnea - - correct answer ✅inc BMI,
progressive/chronic daytime sleepiness and fatigue
-awakes in the middle of the night: hypoxemia and hypercapnia ~ resp
depression
Complications: Peripheral edema and loud S2 ~ systemic HTN
(sympathetic overstimulation when O2 drops too low) leading to
vasoconstriction and inc HR
Pulmonary HTN~ RHF (transient hypoxemia at night)
vs central SA: loss of resp drive
Peptide transporter (TAP) - - correct answer ✅MHC Class I+
endogenous antigen ~ transporter associated w/antigen processing
(TAP processing)
vs
MHC class II + invariant chain~ acidified endosome
HLA D - - correct answer ✅HLA A-C~ 1 letter ~ MHC Class I
vs
HLA DP, Q, R~ 2 letters ~ MHC Classs II
