TEST BANK FOR MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING PATIENT-CENTERED
COLLABORATIVE CARE 8TH EDITION BY IGNATAVICIUS | ALL
CHAPTERS (1-74) COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2024/2025|
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS FOR MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING ........................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING PRACTICE........................................... 5
CHAPTER 02: COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS OF OLDER ADULTS .......................................................... 12
CHAPTER 03: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PAIN ........................................................... 24
CHAPTER 04: GENETIC AND GINOMIC CONCEPTS FOR MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING ......................... 45
CHAPTER 05: EVIDENCE- BASED PRACTICE IN MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING ....................................... 51
CHAPTER 06: REHABILITATION CONCEPTS FOR CHRONIC AND DISABLING HEALTH PROBLEMS .......... 56
CHAPTER 07: END-OF-LIFE CARE ............................................................................................................. 66
UNIT II: CONCEPTS OF EMERGENCY CARE AND DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ............................................... 77
CHAPTER 08: CONCEPTS OF EMERGENCY AND TRAUMA NURSING....................................................... 77
CHAPTER 09: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES .......................... 88
CHAPTER 10: CONCEPTS OF EMERGENCY AND DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ............................................ 99
UNIT III: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FLUID, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID- BASE IMBALANCES ........ 109
CHAPTER 11: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES .. 109
CHAPTER 12: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ACID-BASE IMBALANCES ......................... 123
CHAPTER 13: INFUSION THERAPY ......................................................................................................... 135
UNIT IV: MANAGEMENT OF PERIOPERATIVE PATIENTS ........................................................................... 150
CHAPTER 14: CARE OF PREOPERATIVE PATIENTS ................................................................................. 150
CHAPTER 15: CARE OF INTRAOPERATIVE PATIENTS ............................................................................. 165
CHAPTER 16: CARE OF POSTOPERATIVE PATIENTS .............................................................................. 176
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: PROTECTION ......................................................................................................... 188
UNIT V: PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE IMMUNE
SYSTEM...................................................................................................................................................... 188
CHAPTER 17: INFLAMMATION AND IMMUNITY ................................................................................... 188
CHAPTER 18: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ARTHRITIS AND OTHER CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES ........ 198
CHAPTER 19: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH HIV DISEASE AND OTHER IMMUNE DEFICIENCES.................. 226
CHAPTER 20: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH IMMUNE FUNCTION EXCESS: HYPERSENSITIVITY (ALLERGY)
AND AUTOIMMUNITY ........................................................................................................................... 242
CHAPTER 21: CANCER DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................. 250
CHAPTER 22: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CANCER .................................................................................. 257
CHAPTER 23: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH INFECTION .............................................................................. 275
UNIT VI: PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE SKIN, HAIR
AND NAILS. ................................................................................................................................................ 287
, CHAPTER 24: ASSESSMENT OF THE SKIN, HAIR, AND NAILS................................................................. 287
CHAPTER 25: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH SKIN PROBLEMS ..................................................................... 295
CHAPTER 26: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH BURNS .................................................................................... 320
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: OXYGENATION ...................................................................................................... 346
UNIT VII: PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
RESPIRATORY TRACT ................................................................................................................................. 346
CHAPTER 27: ASSESSMENT OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.................................................................. 346
CHAPTER 28: CARE OF PATIENTS REQUIRING OXYGEN THERAPY OR TRACHEOSTOMY ...................... 357
CHAPTER 29: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH NONINFECTIOUS UPPER RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS............... 368
CHAPTER 30: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH NONINFECTIOUS LOWER RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS ............. 379
CHAPTER 31: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH INFECTIOUS RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS .................................. 400
CHAPTER 32: CARE OF CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS .............................. 416
UNIT VIII: PROBLEMS OF CARDIAC OUTPUT AND TISSUE PERFUSION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PROBLEMS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ....................................................................................... 434
CHAPTER 33: ASSESSMENT OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM .......................................................... 434
CHAPTER 34: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DYSRHYTHMIAS...................................................................... 450
CHAPTER 35: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC PROBLEMS .............................................................. 465
CHAPTER 36: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR PROBLEMS ........................................................... 484
CHAPTER 37: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH SHOCK .................................................................................... 506
CHAPTER 38: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES ........................................... 518
UNIT IX: PROBLEMS OF TISSUE PERFUSION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................ 535
CHAPTER 39: ASSESSMENT OF THE HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM ............................................................... 535
CHAPTER 40: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGIC PROBLEMS .................................................... 542
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: MOBILITY, SENSORY PERCEPTION AND COGNITIVE ............................................. 563
UNIT X: PROBLEMS OF MOBILITY, SENSORY PERSEPTION AND COGNITION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENS
WITH PROBLEMS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ........................................................................................... 563
CHAPTER 41: ASSESSMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ........................................................................ 563
CHAPTER 42: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE BRAIN581
CHAPTER 43: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE SPINAL
CORD ..................................................................................................................................................... 600
CHAPTER 44: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ............. 617
CHAPTER 45: CARE OF CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS............................... 626
UNIT XI: PROBLEMS OF SENSORY PERCEPTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
SENSORY SYSTEM ...................................................................................................................................... 651
, CHAPTER 46: ASSESSMENT OF THE EYE AND VISION ........................................................................... 651
CHAPTER 47: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH EYE AND VISION PROBLEMS .................................................. 656
CHAPTER 48: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH EAR AND HEARING PROBLEMS ............... 666
UNIT XII: PROBLEMS OF MOBILITY: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM .................................................................................................................... 679
CHAPTER 49: ASSESSMENT OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ....................................................... 679
CHAPTER 50: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL PROBLEMS ............................................ 686
CHAPTER 51: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA................................................ 701
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: METABOLISM ........................................................................................................ 721
UNIT XIII: PROBLEMS OF DIGESTION, NUTRITION AND ELIMINATION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PROBLEMS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL PROBLEMS ................................................................................ 721
CHAPTER 52: ASSESSMENT OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM ....................................................... 721
CHAPTER 53: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL CAVITY PROBLEMS ....................................................... 731
CHAPTER 54: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL PROBLEMS ....................................................... 737
CHAPTER 55: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH STOMACH DISORDERS ........................................................... 750
CHAPTER 56: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH NONINFLAMMATORY INTESTINAL DISORDERS ..................... 762
CHAPTER 57: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY INTESTINAL DISORDERS ............................. 780
CHAPTER 58: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH LIVER PROBLEMS ................................................................... 798
CHAPTER 59: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE BILIARY SYSTEM AND PANCREAS ........... 812
CHAPTER 60: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MALNUTRITION: UNDERNUTRITION AND OBESITY ............... 826
UNIT XIV: PROBLEMS OF REGULATION AND METABOLISM: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PROBLEMS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM .................................................................................................. 842
CHAPTER 61: ASSESSMENT OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM .................................................................... 842
CHAPTER 62: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PITUITARY AND ADRENAL GLAND PROBLEMS ....................... 852
CHAPTER 63: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE THYROID AND PARATHYROID GLANDS .. 866
CHAPTER 64: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ............................................................... 878
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: URINARY ELIMINATION ......................................................................................... 910
UNIT XV: PROBLEMS OF EXCRETION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE RENAL/
URINARY SYSTEM ...................................................................................................................................... 910
CHAPTER 65: ASSESSMENT OF THE RENAL/URINARY SYSTEM ............................................................. 910
CHAPTER 66: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH URINARY PROBLEMS .............................................................. 924
CHAPTER 67: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH KIDNEY DISORDERS ................................................................ 943
CHAPTER 68: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ........ 955
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: SEXUALITY ............................................................................................................. 975
,UNIT XVI: PROBLEMS OF REPRODUCTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................... 975
CHAPTER 69: ASSESSMENT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM .............................................................. 975
CHAPTER 70: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST DISORDERS................................................................ 982
CHAPTER 71: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH GYNECOLOGIC PROBLEMS ..................................................... 994
CHAPTER 72: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MALE REPRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS ....................................... 1006
CHAPTER 73: CARE OF TRANSGENDER PATIENTS ............................................................................... 1019
CHAPTER 74: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ..................................... 1026
UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS FOR MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING PRACTICE
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A NEW NURSE IS WORKING WITH A PRECEPTOR ON AN INPATIENT MEDICAL-SURGICAL UNIT. THE
PRECEPTOR ADVISES THE STUDENT THAT WHICH IS THE PRIORITY WHEN WORKING AS A PROFESSIONAL
NURSE?
A. ATTENDING TO HOLISTIC CLIENT NEEDS
B. ENSURING CLIENT SAFETY
C. NOT MAKING MEDICATION ERRORS
D. PROVIDING CLIENT-FOCUSED CARE
ANSWER>B
ALL ACTIONS ARE APPROPRIATE FOR THE PROFESSIONAL NURSE. HOWEVER, ENSURING CLIENT SAFETY
IS THE PRIORITY. UP TO 98,000 DEATHS RESULT EACH YEAR FROM ERRORS IN HOSPITAL CARE,
ACCORDING TO THE 2000 INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE REPORT. MANY MORE CLIENTS HAVE SUFFERED
INJURIES AND LESS SERIOUS OUTCOMES. EVERY NURSE HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY TO GUARD THE
CLIENT'S SAFETY.
2. A NURSE IS ORIENTING A NEW CLIENT AND FAMILY TO THE INPATIENT UNIT. WHAT INFORMATION
DOES THE NURSE PROVIDE TO HELP THE CLIENT PROMOTE HIS OR HER OWN SAFETY?
A. ENCOURAGE THE CLIENT AND FAMILY TO BE ACTIVE PARTNERS.
B. HAVE THE CLIENT MONITOR HAND HYGIENE IN CAREGIVERS.
, C. OFFER THE FAMILY THE OPPORTUNITY TO STAY WITH THE CLIENT.
D. TELL THE CLIENT TO ALWAYS WEAR HIS OR HER ARMBAND.
ANSWER>A
EACH ACTION COULD BE IMPORTANT FOR THE CLIENT OR FAMILY TO PERFORM. HOWEVER,
ENCOURAGING THE CLIENT TO BE ACTIVE IN HIS OR HER HEALTH CARE AS A PARTNER IS THE MOST
CRITICAL. THE OTHER ACTIONS ARE VERY LIMITED IN SCOPE AND DO NOT PROVIDE THE BROAD
PROTECTION THAT BEING ACTIVE AND INVOLVED DOES.
3. A NURSE IS CARING FOR A POSTOPERATIVE CLIENT ON THE SURGICAL UNIT. THE CLIENT'S BLOOD
PRESSURE WAS 142/76 MM HG 30 MINUTES AGO, AND NOW IS 88/50 MM HG. WHAT ACTION BY THE
NURSE IS BEST?
A. CALL THE RAPID RESPONSE TEAM.
B. DOCUMENT AND CONTINUE TO MONITOR.
C. NOTIFY THE PRIMARY CARE PROVIDER.
D. REPEAT BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT IN 15 MINUTES.
ANSWER>A
THE PURPOSE OF THE RAPID RESPONSE TEAM (RRT) IS TO INTERVENE WHEN CLIENTS ARE
DETERIORATING BEFORE THEY SUFFER EITHER RESPIRATORY OR CARDIAC ARREST. SINCE THE CLIENT
HAS MANIFESTED A SIGNIFICANT CHANGE, THE NURSE SHOULD CALL THE RRT. CHANGES IN BLOOD
PRESSURE, MENTAL STATUS, HEART RATE, AND PAIN ARE PARTICULARLY SIGNIFICANT.
DOCUMENTATION IS VITAL, BUT THE NURSE MUST DO MORE THAN DOCUMENT. THE PRIMARY CARE
PROVIDER SHOULD BE NOTIFIED, BUT THIS IS NOT THE PRIORITY OVER CALLING THE RRT. THE CLIENT'S
BLOOD PRESSURE SHOULD BE REASSESSED FREQUENTLY, BUT THE PRIORITY IS GETTING THE RAPID
CARE TO THE CLIENT.
4. A NURSE WISHES TO PROVIDE CLIENT-CENTERED CARE IN ALL INTERACTIONS. WHICH ACTION BY THE
NURSE BEST DEMONSTRATES THIS CONCEPT?
A. ASSESSES FOR CULTURAL INFLUENCES AFFECTING HEALTH CARE
B. ENSURES THAT ALL THE CLIENTS' BASIC NEEDS ARE MET
C. TELLS THE CLIENT AND FAMILY ABOUT ALL UPCOMING TESTS
COLLABORATIVE CARE 8TH EDITION BY IGNATAVICIUS | ALL
CHAPTERS (1-74) COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2024/2025|
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS FOR MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING ........................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING PRACTICE........................................... 5
CHAPTER 02: COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS OF OLDER ADULTS .......................................................... 12
CHAPTER 03: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PAIN ........................................................... 24
CHAPTER 04: GENETIC AND GINOMIC CONCEPTS FOR MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING ......................... 45
CHAPTER 05: EVIDENCE- BASED PRACTICE IN MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING ....................................... 51
CHAPTER 06: REHABILITATION CONCEPTS FOR CHRONIC AND DISABLING HEALTH PROBLEMS .......... 56
CHAPTER 07: END-OF-LIFE CARE ............................................................................................................. 66
UNIT II: CONCEPTS OF EMERGENCY CARE AND DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ............................................... 77
CHAPTER 08: CONCEPTS OF EMERGENCY AND TRAUMA NURSING....................................................... 77
CHAPTER 09: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES .......................... 88
CHAPTER 10: CONCEPTS OF EMERGENCY AND DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ............................................ 99
UNIT III: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FLUID, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID- BASE IMBALANCES ........ 109
CHAPTER 11: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES .. 109
CHAPTER 12: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ACID-BASE IMBALANCES ......................... 123
CHAPTER 13: INFUSION THERAPY ......................................................................................................... 135
UNIT IV: MANAGEMENT OF PERIOPERATIVE PATIENTS ........................................................................... 150
CHAPTER 14: CARE OF PREOPERATIVE PATIENTS ................................................................................. 150
CHAPTER 15: CARE OF INTRAOPERATIVE PATIENTS ............................................................................. 165
CHAPTER 16: CARE OF POSTOPERATIVE PATIENTS .............................................................................. 176
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: PROTECTION ......................................................................................................... 188
UNIT V: PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE IMMUNE
SYSTEM...................................................................................................................................................... 188
CHAPTER 17: INFLAMMATION AND IMMUNITY ................................................................................... 188
CHAPTER 18: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ARTHRITIS AND OTHER CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES ........ 198
CHAPTER 19: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH HIV DISEASE AND OTHER IMMUNE DEFICIENCES.................. 226
CHAPTER 20: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH IMMUNE FUNCTION EXCESS: HYPERSENSITIVITY (ALLERGY)
AND AUTOIMMUNITY ........................................................................................................................... 242
CHAPTER 21: CANCER DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................. 250
CHAPTER 22: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CANCER .................................................................................. 257
CHAPTER 23: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH INFECTION .............................................................................. 275
UNIT VI: PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE SKIN, HAIR
AND NAILS. ................................................................................................................................................ 287
, CHAPTER 24: ASSESSMENT OF THE SKIN, HAIR, AND NAILS................................................................. 287
CHAPTER 25: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH SKIN PROBLEMS ..................................................................... 295
CHAPTER 26: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH BURNS .................................................................................... 320
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: OXYGENATION ...................................................................................................... 346
UNIT VII: PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
RESPIRATORY TRACT ................................................................................................................................. 346
CHAPTER 27: ASSESSMENT OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.................................................................. 346
CHAPTER 28: CARE OF PATIENTS REQUIRING OXYGEN THERAPY OR TRACHEOSTOMY ...................... 357
CHAPTER 29: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH NONINFECTIOUS UPPER RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS............... 368
CHAPTER 30: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH NONINFECTIOUS LOWER RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS ............. 379
CHAPTER 31: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH INFECTIOUS RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS .................................. 400
CHAPTER 32: CARE OF CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS .............................. 416
UNIT VIII: PROBLEMS OF CARDIAC OUTPUT AND TISSUE PERFUSION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PROBLEMS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ....................................................................................... 434
CHAPTER 33: ASSESSMENT OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM .......................................................... 434
CHAPTER 34: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DYSRHYTHMIAS...................................................................... 450
CHAPTER 35: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC PROBLEMS .............................................................. 465
CHAPTER 36: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR PROBLEMS ........................................................... 484
CHAPTER 37: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH SHOCK .................................................................................... 506
CHAPTER 38: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES ........................................... 518
UNIT IX: PROBLEMS OF TISSUE PERFUSION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................ 535
CHAPTER 39: ASSESSMENT OF THE HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM ............................................................... 535
CHAPTER 40: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGIC PROBLEMS .................................................... 542
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: MOBILITY, SENSORY PERCEPTION AND COGNITIVE ............................................. 563
UNIT X: PROBLEMS OF MOBILITY, SENSORY PERSEPTION AND COGNITION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENS
WITH PROBLEMS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ........................................................................................... 563
CHAPTER 41: ASSESSMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ........................................................................ 563
CHAPTER 42: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE BRAIN581
CHAPTER 43: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE SPINAL
CORD ..................................................................................................................................................... 600
CHAPTER 44: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ............. 617
CHAPTER 45: CARE OF CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS............................... 626
UNIT XI: PROBLEMS OF SENSORY PERCEPTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
SENSORY SYSTEM ...................................................................................................................................... 651
, CHAPTER 46: ASSESSMENT OF THE EYE AND VISION ........................................................................... 651
CHAPTER 47: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH EYE AND VISION PROBLEMS .................................................. 656
CHAPTER 48: ASSESSMENT AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH EAR AND HEARING PROBLEMS ............... 666
UNIT XII: PROBLEMS OF MOBILITY: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM .................................................................................................................... 679
CHAPTER 49: ASSESSMENT OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ....................................................... 679
CHAPTER 50: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL PROBLEMS ............................................ 686
CHAPTER 51: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA................................................ 701
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: METABOLISM ........................................................................................................ 721
UNIT XIII: PROBLEMS OF DIGESTION, NUTRITION AND ELIMINATION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PROBLEMS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL PROBLEMS ................................................................................ 721
CHAPTER 52: ASSESSMENT OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM ....................................................... 721
CHAPTER 53: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL CAVITY PROBLEMS ....................................................... 731
CHAPTER 54: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL PROBLEMS ....................................................... 737
CHAPTER 55: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH STOMACH DISORDERS ........................................................... 750
CHAPTER 56: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH NONINFLAMMATORY INTESTINAL DISORDERS ..................... 762
CHAPTER 57: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY INTESTINAL DISORDERS ............................. 780
CHAPTER 58: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH LIVER PROBLEMS ................................................................... 798
CHAPTER 59: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE BILIARY SYSTEM AND PANCREAS ........... 812
CHAPTER 60: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MALNUTRITION: UNDERNUTRITION AND OBESITY ............... 826
UNIT XIV: PROBLEMS OF REGULATION AND METABOLISM: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PROBLEMS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM .................................................................................................. 842
CHAPTER 61: ASSESSMENT OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM .................................................................... 842
CHAPTER 62: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PITUITARY AND ADRENAL GLAND PROBLEMS ....................... 852
CHAPTER 63: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE THYROID AND PARATHYROID GLANDS .. 866
CHAPTER 64: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ............................................................... 878
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: URINARY ELIMINATION ......................................................................................... 910
UNIT XV: PROBLEMS OF EXCRETION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE RENAL/
URINARY SYSTEM ...................................................................................................................................... 910
CHAPTER 65: ASSESSMENT OF THE RENAL/URINARY SYSTEM ............................................................. 910
CHAPTER 66: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH URINARY PROBLEMS .............................................................. 924
CHAPTER 67: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH KIDNEY DISORDERS ................................................................ 943
CHAPTER 68: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ........ 955
CONCEPT OVERVIEW: SEXUALITY ............................................................................................................. 975
,UNIT XVI: PROBLEMS OF REPRODUCTION: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................... 975
CHAPTER 69: ASSESSMENT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM .............................................................. 975
CHAPTER 70: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST DISORDERS................................................................ 982
CHAPTER 71: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH GYNECOLOGIC PROBLEMS ..................................................... 994
CHAPTER 72: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH MALE REPRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS ....................................... 1006
CHAPTER 73: CARE OF TRANSGENDER PATIENTS ............................................................................... 1019
CHAPTER 74: CARE OF PATIENTS WITH SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ..................................... 1026
UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS FOR MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING PRACTICE
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A NEW NURSE IS WORKING WITH A PRECEPTOR ON AN INPATIENT MEDICAL-SURGICAL UNIT. THE
PRECEPTOR ADVISES THE STUDENT THAT WHICH IS THE PRIORITY WHEN WORKING AS A PROFESSIONAL
NURSE?
A. ATTENDING TO HOLISTIC CLIENT NEEDS
B. ENSURING CLIENT SAFETY
C. NOT MAKING MEDICATION ERRORS
D. PROVIDING CLIENT-FOCUSED CARE
ANSWER>B
ALL ACTIONS ARE APPROPRIATE FOR THE PROFESSIONAL NURSE. HOWEVER, ENSURING CLIENT SAFETY
IS THE PRIORITY. UP TO 98,000 DEATHS RESULT EACH YEAR FROM ERRORS IN HOSPITAL CARE,
ACCORDING TO THE 2000 INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE REPORT. MANY MORE CLIENTS HAVE SUFFERED
INJURIES AND LESS SERIOUS OUTCOMES. EVERY NURSE HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY TO GUARD THE
CLIENT'S SAFETY.
2. A NURSE IS ORIENTING A NEW CLIENT AND FAMILY TO THE INPATIENT UNIT. WHAT INFORMATION
DOES THE NURSE PROVIDE TO HELP THE CLIENT PROMOTE HIS OR HER OWN SAFETY?
A. ENCOURAGE THE CLIENT AND FAMILY TO BE ACTIVE PARTNERS.
B. HAVE THE CLIENT MONITOR HAND HYGIENE IN CAREGIVERS.
, C. OFFER THE FAMILY THE OPPORTUNITY TO STAY WITH THE CLIENT.
D. TELL THE CLIENT TO ALWAYS WEAR HIS OR HER ARMBAND.
ANSWER>A
EACH ACTION COULD BE IMPORTANT FOR THE CLIENT OR FAMILY TO PERFORM. HOWEVER,
ENCOURAGING THE CLIENT TO BE ACTIVE IN HIS OR HER HEALTH CARE AS A PARTNER IS THE MOST
CRITICAL. THE OTHER ACTIONS ARE VERY LIMITED IN SCOPE AND DO NOT PROVIDE THE BROAD
PROTECTION THAT BEING ACTIVE AND INVOLVED DOES.
3. A NURSE IS CARING FOR A POSTOPERATIVE CLIENT ON THE SURGICAL UNIT. THE CLIENT'S BLOOD
PRESSURE WAS 142/76 MM HG 30 MINUTES AGO, AND NOW IS 88/50 MM HG. WHAT ACTION BY THE
NURSE IS BEST?
A. CALL THE RAPID RESPONSE TEAM.
B. DOCUMENT AND CONTINUE TO MONITOR.
C. NOTIFY THE PRIMARY CARE PROVIDER.
D. REPEAT BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT IN 15 MINUTES.
ANSWER>A
THE PURPOSE OF THE RAPID RESPONSE TEAM (RRT) IS TO INTERVENE WHEN CLIENTS ARE
DETERIORATING BEFORE THEY SUFFER EITHER RESPIRATORY OR CARDIAC ARREST. SINCE THE CLIENT
HAS MANIFESTED A SIGNIFICANT CHANGE, THE NURSE SHOULD CALL THE RRT. CHANGES IN BLOOD
PRESSURE, MENTAL STATUS, HEART RATE, AND PAIN ARE PARTICULARLY SIGNIFICANT.
DOCUMENTATION IS VITAL, BUT THE NURSE MUST DO MORE THAN DOCUMENT. THE PRIMARY CARE
PROVIDER SHOULD BE NOTIFIED, BUT THIS IS NOT THE PRIORITY OVER CALLING THE RRT. THE CLIENT'S
BLOOD PRESSURE SHOULD BE REASSESSED FREQUENTLY, BUT THE PRIORITY IS GETTING THE RAPID
CARE TO THE CLIENT.
4. A NURSE WISHES TO PROVIDE CLIENT-CENTERED CARE IN ALL INTERACTIONS. WHICH ACTION BY THE
NURSE BEST DEMONSTRATES THIS CONCEPT?
A. ASSESSES FOR CULTURAL INFLUENCES AFFECTING HEALTH CARE
B. ENSURES THAT ALL THE CLIENTS' BASIC NEEDS ARE MET
C. TELLS THE CLIENT AND FAMILY ABOUT ALL UPCOMING TESTS
