DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
Statistics is the branch of mathematics that focuses - correct answer ✔✔On analysis and interpretation
of data.
Distributions are a way to visualize the shape of your data, how - correct answer ✔✔
Descriptive statistics is a subset within statistics that allows - correct answer ✔✔You to describe (or
explain) and summarize the data you collect and then present it in an efficient and meaningful way.
Descriptive statistics allows you to - correct answer ✔✔Organize, display, and describe data using data
visualizations, which can turn difficult-to-understand variables across a large dataset into bite-sized
descriptions.
Descriptive statistics will allow you to - correct answer ✔✔Quantitatively and qualitatively describe the
main features of a collection of information, such as where the middle of the data is, how spread out it
is, and where clumps of values or anomalies may exist.
A single value from a dataset can carry plenty of meaning, but it can mean even more when - correct
answer ✔✔Compared to a larger dataset (such as your math test score when compared to the scores of
the entire class).
Measures of central tendency are used to - correct answer ✔✔Indicate and describe the central position
of a group of data. These measures are important because they help you condense data, find
representative values, make comparisons, and perform further statistical analysis.
The three measures of central tendency are - correct answer ✔✔mean, median, and mode.
Mean - correct answer ✔✔(often referred to as average) is the sum of all values divided by the number
of values in the dataset.
,Median - correct answer ✔✔Is the middle value that separates the higher half from the lower half of a
dataset.
Mode - correct answer ✔✔Is the value in a dataset that appears most frequently.
It is the most popular measure of central tendency because - correct answer ✔✔It uses every data point
in its calculation. Mean is calculated using the following formula:
Mean=Sum of All Values/Number of All Values
An outlier is a data point that - correct answer ✔✔Sticks out from the rest. It does not fit in a trend that
the other data shows, or it falls outside (above/below) a range of values in which we would expect the
data to fall.
Outliers easily does what to data - correct answer ✔✔Skew the data.
Although outliers skew the data, they can also tell analysts a lot of information. As an analyst, you should
always question - correct answer ✔✔Why the outlier is in the data:
Could it be an error from when the data was collected?
Maybe it really is an employee's salary — for example, the CEO's?
Sometimes outliers can be explained, and sometimes they occur by chance. Other times, they may
require further investigation. As an analyst, you will need to - correct answer ✔✔Ask questions when
investigating why an outlier might be in your data. Most of the time, these outliers can give you insight
into your data.
Outliers are important to investigate, but how do they fit into the larger process of data analysis? -
correct answer ✔✔In one instance, they can exist in the initial data given to you. In this case, they
should be cleaned or dealt with accordingly when you've reached that step in the data wrangling
checklist
, In other cases, they appear in your results at the end of your analysis. In these instances, they do not -
correct answer ✔✔Get cleaned and instead become part of your findings, which turn into inferences
and insights.
There is no function in Google Sheets called "mean." However, there is an - correct answer ✔✔AVERAGE
function that has the same functionality. You will use the AVERAGE function when finding the mean of a
set of values. Below is the Google Sheets documentation for reference.
The median is the middle value in a list of values. It is very important that the list of values is - correct
answer ✔✔Sorted from least to greatest, or greatest to least, when calculating the median by hand.
Steps to calculate the median: - correct answer ✔✔Order your list of values in ascending order.
Count the number of values in your list and determine if the number of values you have is odd or even.
HOW TO FIND THE MEDIAN WITH AN ODD SET OF NUMBERS:
: - correct answer ✔✔If your list of values is an odd number, then you simply need to find the value that
falls in the exact middle of the sorted list.
If you have a large number of values, use a formula below to calculate the middle position.
Median=n + 12Median=n + 12
In this formula, n represents the number of values in the list.
HOW TO FIND THE MEDIAN WITH AN EVEN SET OF NUMBERS: - correct answer ✔✔If your list of values
is an even number, you will need to take an extra step to find the mean of the two middle values.
The mean of the two middle values ($42,000 and $43,000) will be the median of an even-numbered
dataset.
Median vs. Mean - correct answer ✔✔Unlike the mean, the median is less affected by outliers and
skewed data. This is because the median only uses the central value(s) for its calculation, which signifies
that the only impact an outlier can have is in shifting your median number over by one position.
Statistics is the branch of mathematics that focuses - correct answer ✔✔On analysis and interpretation
of data.
Distributions are a way to visualize the shape of your data, how - correct answer ✔✔
Descriptive statistics is a subset within statistics that allows - correct answer ✔✔You to describe (or
explain) and summarize the data you collect and then present it in an efficient and meaningful way.
Descriptive statistics allows you to - correct answer ✔✔Organize, display, and describe data using data
visualizations, which can turn difficult-to-understand variables across a large dataset into bite-sized
descriptions.
Descriptive statistics will allow you to - correct answer ✔✔Quantitatively and qualitatively describe the
main features of a collection of information, such as where the middle of the data is, how spread out it
is, and where clumps of values or anomalies may exist.
A single value from a dataset can carry plenty of meaning, but it can mean even more when - correct
answer ✔✔Compared to a larger dataset (such as your math test score when compared to the scores of
the entire class).
Measures of central tendency are used to - correct answer ✔✔Indicate and describe the central position
of a group of data. These measures are important because they help you condense data, find
representative values, make comparisons, and perform further statistical analysis.
The three measures of central tendency are - correct answer ✔✔mean, median, and mode.
Mean - correct answer ✔✔(often referred to as average) is the sum of all values divided by the number
of values in the dataset.
,Median - correct answer ✔✔Is the middle value that separates the higher half from the lower half of a
dataset.
Mode - correct answer ✔✔Is the value in a dataset that appears most frequently.
It is the most popular measure of central tendency because - correct answer ✔✔It uses every data point
in its calculation. Mean is calculated using the following formula:
Mean=Sum of All Values/Number of All Values
An outlier is a data point that - correct answer ✔✔Sticks out from the rest. It does not fit in a trend that
the other data shows, or it falls outside (above/below) a range of values in which we would expect the
data to fall.
Outliers easily does what to data - correct answer ✔✔Skew the data.
Although outliers skew the data, they can also tell analysts a lot of information. As an analyst, you should
always question - correct answer ✔✔Why the outlier is in the data:
Could it be an error from when the data was collected?
Maybe it really is an employee's salary — for example, the CEO's?
Sometimes outliers can be explained, and sometimes they occur by chance. Other times, they may
require further investigation. As an analyst, you will need to - correct answer ✔✔Ask questions when
investigating why an outlier might be in your data. Most of the time, these outliers can give you insight
into your data.
Outliers are important to investigate, but how do they fit into the larger process of data analysis? -
correct answer ✔✔In one instance, they can exist in the initial data given to you. In this case, they
should be cleaned or dealt with accordingly when you've reached that step in the data wrangling
checklist
, In other cases, they appear in your results at the end of your analysis. In these instances, they do not -
correct answer ✔✔Get cleaned and instead become part of your findings, which turn into inferences
and insights.
There is no function in Google Sheets called "mean." However, there is an - correct answer ✔✔AVERAGE
function that has the same functionality. You will use the AVERAGE function when finding the mean of a
set of values. Below is the Google Sheets documentation for reference.
The median is the middle value in a list of values. It is very important that the list of values is - correct
answer ✔✔Sorted from least to greatest, or greatest to least, when calculating the median by hand.
Steps to calculate the median: - correct answer ✔✔Order your list of values in ascending order.
Count the number of values in your list and determine if the number of values you have is odd or even.
HOW TO FIND THE MEDIAN WITH AN ODD SET OF NUMBERS:
: - correct answer ✔✔If your list of values is an odd number, then you simply need to find the value that
falls in the exact middle of the sorted list.
If you have a large number of values, use a formula below to calculate the middle position.
Median=n + 12Median=n + 12
In this formula, n represents the number of values in the list.
HOW TO FIND THE MEDIAN WITH AN EVEN SET OF NUMBERS: - correct answer ✔✔If your list of values
is an even number, you will need to take an extra step to find the mean of the two middle values.
The mean of the two middle values ($42,000 and $43,000) will be the median of an even-numbered
dataset.
Median vs. Mean - correct answer ✔✔Unlike the mean, the median is less affected by outliers and
skewed data. This is because the median only uses the central value(s) for its calculation, which signifies
that the only impact an outlier can have is in shifting your median number over by one position.
