Advocacy Healthcare- questions and Answers & Explained 2024.

Advocacy Healthcare- questions and Answers 2024. Which of the following is the best example of a situation where a nurse could demonstrate workforce advocacy? A. A client wishes to become an organ donor in spite of family opposition. B. A client feels pressured by a health care provider into agreeing to a specific medical procedure. C. A nurse volunteers time to participate in a fund raiser to provide toys for a hospital's pediatric unit. D. Staff on a particular unit feel that the nurse manager is showing favoritism when granting vacation time. Based on current trends, which nursing care environment has the greatest employment potential for new nurses? A. Long-term care facilities B. Hospital emergency departments C. Pre- and postsurgical departments D. Primary health care provider practices In order to best address workplace satisfaction among its nursing staff, a hospital's administration provides: A. a yearly salary raise. B. tuition reimbursement. C. additional vacation time. D. an extra 15-minute break per shift. Which hospital-wide policy would best address the nurse's negative view of job satisfaction? A. Making it possible to earn additional personal leave time based on their absentee records B. Providing a dedicated parking area close to the hospital for nursing staff C. Instituting biannual staff recognition days that include a free meal in the cafeteria D. Providing security backup when there is a perceived sense of workplace violence - In order to best ensure client safety, which of the following questions should a staff nurse ask first when determining whether to accept a client assignment that is made when several staff members have reported off sick? A. "Do I have the experience and knowledge to care for these patients?" B. "Is this a staffing crisis or a result of typical staffing patterns?" C. "Can I expect to be mandated to stay an additional shift?" D. "How long will it be before I get additional help?" Your adult patient is scheduled for an x-ray film of the head. He is refusing to go, despite the fact that the x-ray film will give vital information related to his chief complaint of a headache. The nurse learns of the patient's refusal and comes in to the patient's room saying, "If you don't go to this x-ray, I'll have to give you a shot to put you out." In your opinion, has the nurse committed a legal mistake? A. No, the nurse is acting in the best interests of the patient who needs the test to treat him. B. No, the nurse is merely trying to help the patient understand the necessity of cooperating with the ordered treatment regimen. C. Yes, the nurse may have committed an assault on the patient by verbally threatening him. D. Yes, the nurse may have committed malpractice by forcing the patient to do something against his will. A nurse has received a letter from the State Board of Nursing in which he practices that he has been placed on probation and that his license is suspended. The nurse has received no other information about this action. What, if any, claims does this nurse have? A. The nurse has a claim against the State Board of Nursing for a violation of his right to privacy. B. The nurse has a claim against the State Board of Nursing for violating his rights to due process. C. The nurse has a claim against the hospital where he works for failing to represent him in a civil law suit. D. The nurse has no claim against the State Board of Nursing and the hospital. - A patient's daughter is speaking to the nurse caring for her father. The daughter has presented the nurse with a document identifying her as the spokesperson for the patient when he is no longer capable of speaking for himself. Which of the following best characterizes the daughter's legal relationship with her ailing father? A. Health care proxy B. Legal Samaritan C. Guardian ad litem D. Attorney A patient is discussing her surgery with her surgeon. The physician leaves and asks you to have the patient sign the consent form in a few hours. Which statement made by the patient indicates that informed consent has likely been achieved? A. The patient states that the doctor has told her there is nothing more they can do and she is going home. B. The patient states that she has not spoken with her surgeon at all today. C. The patient states that her surgeon has told her that she doesn't need surgery. D. The patient states that she is having surgery on her leg in the morning and that she will have some pain and bleeding for a few days. A nurse believes that a pediatric patient has been the victim of abuse based on verbal statements and scarring noted on the patient's abdomen and legs. Which of the following is the best action for the nurse to take? A. Do nothing but document the patient's condition. B. Contact the patient's family. C. Contact the patient's teacher. D. Contact the Child Abuse Hotline. A health care provider has written an order for a patient to receive a medication every 6 hours for 7 days. You note that the patient has indicated that she is allergic to this medication (rash, shortness of breath). Which of the following should you do first? A. Contact the health care provider. B. Contact the pharmacist. C. Place a "hold" note on the medication administration record (MAR). D. Contact the nursing supervisor. A patient's visitor has fallen in the patient's room. Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take? A. Call the nursing supervisor. B. Assist the visitor and document with an occurrence report. C. Assist the visitor and, if there is no injury, document nothing. D. Assist the visitor and document the occurrence in the patient's chart. Although you normally work in a hospital setting, you have volunteered at a homeless shelter at a blood pressure clinic. If an incident occurs at the blood pressure clinic, what is your most likely liability protection provider? A. Your employer hospital malpractice insurance B. Your home insurance C. Your professional liability insurance D. No one (There is a small likelihood that a nurse will be sued in this type of situation.) - You are the night shift nurse for a hospital nursing division of 40 acutely ill postoperative patients. The staffing for the night shift is you plus two patient care technicians. Based on the end-of-shift report, the current staffing, and your assessment of the patients, you have determined that there is insufficient staff to safely take care of the patients on this nursing division. What is the best action for you to take? A. Leave the nursing division immediately and go home. B. Contact the nursing supervisor, inform him or her of the situation, and leave the nursing division. C. Contact the chief of medicine and inform her or him of the situation and document it. D. Contact the nursing supervisor, inform him or her of the situation, and document it. - One of the elements of professional negligence is the failure to act according to the standard of care or breach of duty. Standard of care may best be defined as which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Nursing competence as defined by the State Nurse Practice Act B. Giving nursing care in the most expedient and timely way possible C. The degree of nursing judgment and skill given by a reasonably prudent nurse under similar circumstances D. Providing health services according to community expectations and ordinances - You are caring for a patient who will undergo a bone marrow aspiration, a difficult and painful procedure necessary to monitor the progress of recuperation after bone marrow transplantation. You are eager to minimize pain for this patient. You review the medical record for previous successful pain-management plans. You discuss the procedure with the patient. You advocate for the patient when the health care provider arrives to prepare for the procedure. Which ethical principle best describes the reasons for your actions? A. Beneficence B. Accountability C. Nonmaleficence D. Respect for autonomy According to annual assessments performed by the Federal Government, certain groups of people in the United States have poor or no access to health care. You decide to write an editorial to your local newspaper expressing your opinion about this situation. Which ethical principle would you incorporate into your editorial? A. Accountability because as the nurse you are accountable for the well-being of all patient groups B. Respect for autonomy because autonomy is violated if care is not accessible C. Ethics of care because the caring action would be to provide resource access for all D. Justice since this concept addresses questions about the fair distribution of health care resources You have agreed to serve on a Policy and Procedure committee at your hospital, representing the voice of bedside nurses from your unit. The committee is discussing a revision to the staffing ratio policy at your hospital by discussing these questions: How many patients can a nurse safely and effectively care for on your unit? Does the ANA professional code of ethics support your concerns about staffing ratios? Indicate the best answer. A. No, the code describes philosophical principles that are important to ethical discourse but unrelated to staffing ratios. B. Yes, the code supports nurses' participation in conditions of employment, including the promotion of quality health care using both individual and collective action. C. No, to support staffing ratio discussions the ANA publishes journals containing research about best practices in a variety of health care settings D. No, the code is not necessary for this di Utilitarianism is a term commonly found in ethical discourse, but it stands for only one of several different approaches to ethical discourse. Which is a true statement about the ethical philosophy of utilitarianism? A. The value of an intervention is determined primarily by its usefulness to society. B. The value of an intervention is culturally established based on predetermined measures. C. The decision to provide medical care depends on a measure of the moral life of the patient. D. Attention to relationships provides resolution to ethical dilemmas. Ethical dilemmas often arise over a conflict of opinions. Each of the following steps constitutes a correct step to take toward resolution of an ethical dilemma. What order should these steps be taken? 1. Clarify your own values about the issue. 2. Call a meeting in which those involved in the dilemma can discuss (negotiate) the possible solutions to the dilemma. 3. State the problem clearly in a way that all involved can understand. 4. Gather all relevant information regarding the clinical, social, and spiritual aspects of the dilemma. A. 4, 1, 3, 2 B. 4, 3, 1, 2 C. 1, 4, 2, 3 D. 1, 4, 3, 2 A. Most state laws require that ethics committees include a nurse representative. B. The principal of beneficence promotes kindness in nurses. C. Nurses provide unique insight about patient Ethics of care suggests that you resolve an ethical dilemma by attention to relationships. As Madeleine Leininger described it, caring is the "central and unifying domain for the body of knowledge and practices in nursing." How does it differ from other approaches to ethical dilemmas? (Select all that apply.) A. Ethics of care applies exclusively to nursing practice. B. Ethics of care pays special attention to the stories of the people involved in an ethical issue. C. Ethics of care uses logic and intellectual analysis based on universal philosophical principles. D. Ethics of care depends less on universal principles than other approaches to analyze ethical dilemmas. E. Stories about relationships can be distracting when trying to resolve an ethical dilemma. Which of the following actions is/are required of the nurse practicing advocacy? (Select all that apply.) A. Speak up for patient care issues even when others may disagree. B. Contribute money toward the patient's health care costs if the patient is indigent. C. Assess the patient's point of view and prepare to articulate it. D. Document all clinical changes in the medical record in a timely and legible way. E. Become an active member of professional nursing organizations. At the hospital where you work, you care for a child admitted frequently for management of cystic fibrosis. The child's family has initiated a Cystic Fibrosis Support Group page on Facebook, and they invite you to "friend" their page. Which of the following justifications would you use to explain your decision to accept or not accept the invitation? (Select all that apply.) A. Nurse-patient boundaries may be violated, harming possibility for therapeutic relationship. B. By accepting you could share nursing information online about the patient as a way to educate the support group. C. Postings can easily spread to a wider audience with the potential for HIPAA violations. D. The law prohibits your use of social networking with patients. Ethics in nursing practice includes an embrace of accountability or the ability to justify your actions. Even though your practice is defined in part by orders written by health care providers and policies enforced by administrators, you remain ethically accountable for your actions. Which of the following actions illustrates accountability? (Select all that apply.) A. Your patient receives a surgical procedure that is new to your facility. You ask your manager to provide an in-service about the procedure. B. A health care provider writes orders for pain-management medication even though the patient has been free of pain for 3 days. Out of respect for the health care provider's legal responsibilities, you administer the medications. C. During annual budget preparation at your facility, you advocate for annual pay increases for you and your peers. D. Your patient confides in you that she has recently lost her job and A practitioner asks the nurse to witness an informed consent. Which patient does the nurse identify is unable to give an informed consent for surgery? 1. 16-year-old boy who is married 2. 35-year-old woman who is depressed 3. 50-year-old woman who does not speak English 4. 65-year-old man who has received a narcotic for pain When the nurse is administering a medication to a confused patient, the patient says, "This pill looks different from the one I had before." What should the nurse do? 1. Ask what the other pill looked like 2. Explain the purpose of the medication 3. Check the original medication prescription 4. Encourage the patient to take the medication The nurse administers an incorrect dose of a medication to a patient. What is the primary purpose of documenting this event in an Incident Report? 1. Record the event for future litigation 2. Provide a basis for designing new policies 3. Prevent similar situations from happening again 4. Ensure accountability for the cause of the accident A practitioner writes a prescription for a medication that is larger than the standard dose. What should the nurse do? 1. Inform the supervisor 2. Give the drug as prescribed 3. Give the average dose of the medication 4. Discuss the prescription with the practitioner When the nurse attempts to administer a medication to a patient, the patient refuses to take the medication because it causes diarrhea. The nurse provides teaching about the medication, but the patient continues to adamantly refuse the medication. What should the nurse do first? 1. Document the patient's refusal to take the medication 2. Notify the practitioner of the patient's refusal to take the medication 3. Discuss with a family member the need for the patient to take the medication 4. Explain again to the patient the consequences of refusing to take the medication - When caring for a terminally ill patient a family member says, "I need your help to hasten my mother's death so that she is no longer suffering." What should the nurse do based on the position of the American Nurses Association in relation to assisted suicide? 1. Not participate in active euthanasia 2. Participate based on personal values and beliefs 3. Participate when the patient is experiencing severe pain 4. Not participate unless two practitioners are consulted and the patient has had counseling Which organization is responsible for ensuring that Registered Nurses are minimally qualified to practice nursing? 1. Sigma Theta Tau 2. State Boards of Nursing 3. American Nurses Association 4. Constituent Leagues of the National League for Nursing A nurse expert is called to testify in a lawsuit regarding professional nursing malpractice primarily to testify: 1. About standards of nursing care as they apply to the facts in the case 2. With regard to laws governing the practice of nursing 3. For the prosecution 4. For the defense The nurse initiates a visit from a member of the clergy for a patient. How is the nurse functioning when initiating this visit? 1. Interdependently 2. Independently 3. Dependently 4. Collegially A patient is asked to participate in a medical research study. The nurse describes to the patient and family members how the patient is protected by the: 1. Code of Ethics 2. Informed Consent 3. Nurse Practice Act 4. Constitution of the United States The nurse is implementing an ordered bowel preparation for a patient who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which is the most serious consequence that is prevented by an effective bowel preparation? 1. Discomfort 2. Misdiagnosis 3. Wasted expense 4. Psychological stress The practitioner orders OOB for a patient. How is the nurse functioning when moving this patient out of bed to a chair? 1. Dependently 2. Independently 3. Collaboratively 4. Interdependently A Registered Nurse witnesses an accident and assists the victim who has a life-threatening injury. What should the nurse do to meet the most important standard when acting as a Good Samaritan at the scene of an accident? 1. Seek consent from the injured party before rendering assistance 2. Implement every critical-care intervention necessary to sustain life 3. Stay at the scene until another qualified person takes over responsibility 4. Insist on helping because a nurse is the best-qualified person to provide care - A faculty member of a nursing program is conducting an informational session for potential nursing students. The faculty member includes the information that at the completion of the program licensure to practice is: 1. A responsibility of the American Nurses Association 2. Granted on graduation from a nursing program 3. Approved by the National League for Nursing 4. Required by state law When considering legal issues the word contract is to liable as standard is to: 1. Rights 2. Negligence 3. Malpractice 4. Accountability An anxious patient repeatedly uses the call bell to get the nurse to come to the room. Finally the nurse says to the patient, "If you keep ringing, there will come a time I won't answer your bell." What legal term is related to this statement? 1. Slander 2. Battery 3. Assault 4. Libel The nurse is informed that a credentialing team has arrived and is in the process of assessing quality of care delivered at the hospital. What is the organization associated with the credentialing of hospitals? 1. Joint Commission 2. National League for Nursing 3. American Nurses Association 4. National Council Licensure Examination A student nurse is about to graduate from an accredited nursing program. The student nurse understands that an action unrelated to a state Nurse Practice Act is: 1. Setting guidelines for nurses' salaries in the state 2. Establishing reciprocity for licensure between states 3. Determining minimum requirements for nursing education 4. Maintaining a list of nurses who can legally practice in the state The nurse changes a patient's dry sterile dressing. How is the nurse functioning when performing this task? 1. Interdependently 2. Collaboratively 3. Independently 4. Dependently The nurse must administer a medication. What should the nurse do first? 1. Check the patient's identification armband 2. Ensure the medication is in the medication cart 3. Verify the practitioner's prescription for accuracy 4. Determine the appropriateness of the prescribed medication When choosing a nursing school in the United States that awards an associate degree, a future student nurse should consider schools that have met the standards of nursing education established by which organization? 1. National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission 2. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association 3. American Nurses Association 4. Sigma Theta Tau The patient's diet order is "clear liquids to regular as tolerated." How is the nurse functioning when progressing the patient's diet to full liquid? 1. Dependently 2. Independently 3. Collaboratively 4. Interdependently Licensure of Registered Professional Nurses is required primarily to protect: 1. Nurses 2. Patients 3. Common law 4. Health-care agencies Which factor is unique to malpractice when comparing negligence and malpractice? 1. The action did not meet standards of care 2. The inappropriate care is an act of commission 3. There is harm to the patient as a result of the care 4. There is a contractual relationship between the nurse and patient - The nurse completes an Incident Report after a patient falls while getting out of bed unassisted. What is the main purpose of this report? 1. Ensure that all parties have an opportunity to document what happened 2. Help establish who is responsible for the incident 3. Make data available for quality-control analysis 4. Document the incident on the patient's chart How is the nurse functioning when administering a drug that has PRN as part of the prescription? 1. Collegially 2. Dependently 3. Independently 4. Interdependently What is the main purpose of the American Nurses Association? 1. Establish standards of nursing practice 2. Recognize academic achievement in nursing 3. Monitor educational institutions granting degrees in nursing 4. Prepare nurses to become members of the nursing profession The nurse says, "If you do not let me do this dressing change, I will not let you eat dinner with the other residents in the dining room." What legal term is related to this statement? 1. Battery 2. Assault 3. Negligence 4. Malpractice - State legislatures are responsible for: 1. Standardized care plans 2. Enactment of Nurse Practice Acts 3. Accreditation of educational nursing programs 4. Certification in specialty areas of nursing practice Nursing practice is influenced by the doctrine of respondeat superior. What is the basic concept related to this theory of liability? 1. Nurses must respond to the Supreme Court when they commit acts of malpractice 2. Health-care facilities are responsible for the negligent actions of the nurses whom they employ 3. Nurses are responsible for their actions when they have contractual relationships with patients 4. The laws absolve nurses from being sued for negligence if they provide inappropriate care at the scene of an accident When attempting to administer a 10:00 PM sleeping medication, the nurse assesses that the patient appears to be asleep. What should the nurse do? 1. Withhold the drug 2. Notify the practitioner 3. Awaken the patient to administer the drug 4. Administer it later if the patient awakens during the night What is the primary purpose of the American Nurses Association Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice? 1. Establish criteria for quality practice 2. Define the philosophy of nursing practice 3. Identify the legal definition of nursing practice 4. Determine educational standards for nursing practice The client who requires a co-signature for a valid consent for surgery is a: 1. 15-year-old mother whose infant requires exploratory surgery 2. 40-year-old resident in a home for developmentally disabled adults 3. 90-year-old adult who wants more information about the risks of surgery 4. 50-year-old unconscious trauma victim who needs insertion of a chest tube - A patient is scheduled to have surgery, and informed consent is to be obtained. Place these steps in the order in which they should performed. 1. The patient is willing to sign the consent voluntarily 2. The patient signs the consent in the presence of the nurse 3. The nurse determines that the patient is alert and competent to give consent 4. The practitioner informs the patient of the risks and benefits of the procedure - Identify the actions that are examples of slander. Select all that apply. 1. _____ Volunteer telling another volunteer a patient's age 2. _____ Nurse explaining to a patient that another nurse is incompetent 3. _____ Personal care assistant sharing information about a patient with another patient 4. _____ Unit manager documenting a nurse's medication error in a performance appraisal 5. _____ Housekeeper who is angry at a nurse erroneously telling another staff member that the nurse uses cocaine A nurse is caring for a client who decides not to have surgery despite significant blockages in his coronary arteries. The nurse understands that this client's choice is an example of which of the following: A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. nonmaleficence A nurse offers pain medication to a client who is postoperative prior to ambulation. The nurse understands that this aspect of care delivery is an example of which of the following ethical principles: A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Beneficence A nurse is instructing a group of nursing students about the responsibilities involved with organ donation and procurement. When the nurse explains that all clients waiting for a kidney transplant have to meet the same qualifications, the students should understand that this aspect of care delivery is and example of which of the following ethical principles? A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Nonmaleficence - A nurse questions a medication prescription as too extreme in light of the client's advanced age and unstable statue. The nurse understands that this action is an example of which of the following ethical principles? A. fidelity B. autonomy C. justice D. nonmaleficence A nurse is instructing a group of students about how to know and what to expect when ethical dilemmas arise. Which of the following situations should the students identify as an ethical dilemma? A. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit demonstrates signs of chemical impairment. B. A nurse overhears another nurse telling an older adult client that if he doesn't stay in the bed, she will have to apply restraints. C. A family has conflicting feelings about the initiation of enteral tube feedings for their father, who is terminally ill. D. A client who is terminally ill hesitates to name her spouse on her durable power of attorney form. A nurse observes an assistive personnel (AP) reprimanding a client for not using the urinal properly. The AP tells him she will put a diaper on him if he does not use the urinal more carefully next time. Which of the following torts is the AP committing? A: Assault B: Battery C: False imprisonment D: Invasion of privacy An adult client who is competent tells the nurse that he is thinking about leaving the hospital against medical advice. The nurse believes that this is not in the client's best interest, so she administers a PRN sedative medication the client has not requested along with his usual medication. Which of the following types of tort has the nurse committed? A: Assault B: False imprisonment C: Negligence D: Breach of confidentiality A client who will undergo neurosurgery the following week tells the nurse in the surgeons's office that he will prepare his advance directives before he goes to the hospital. Which of the following statements by the client indicates to the nurse that he understands advance directives? A: "I'd rather have my brother make decisions for me, but I know it has to be my wife." B. "I know they won't go ahead with surgery unless I prepare these forms." C. "I plan to write that I don't want them to keep me on a breathing machine." D. "I will get my regular doctor to approve my plan before I hand it in at the hospital." - A client is about to undergo an elective surgical procedure. Which of the following actions are appropriate for the nurse who is providing preoperative care regarding informed consent? (Select all that apply.) A: Make sure the surgeon obtained the client's consent. B: Witness the client's signature on the consent form. C: Explain the risks and benefits of the procedure. D: Describe the consequences of choosing not to have the surgery. E. Tell the client about alternatives to having the surgery. A nurse has noticed several occasions in the past week when another nurse on the unit seemed drowsy and unable to focus on the issue at hand. Today, she found the nurse asleep in her chair in the break room when she was not on a break. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A: Remind the nurse that safe client care is a priority on the unit. B: Ask others on the team whether they have observed the same behavior. C: Report her observations to the nurse manager on the unit. D: Conclude that her coworker's fatigue is not her problem to solve. The public's right to expect to receive treatment that meets the standards of nursing care is protected by: A. state law. B. federal law. C. reporting law. D. common law. Which nursing action best complies with the expectations for nursing care defined by the "never events" identified by the 2012 Rules of Participation for Hospitals? A. Requiring all unlicensed nursing personal to attend shift reports B. Providing care when convenient for the client whenever possible C. Attending an in-service on evidence-based practice on urinary catheter care D. Reporting suspected elder abuse to the nursing manager immediately Which of the following situations fails to meet the criteria for establishing nursing negligence or malpractice? A. A nurse comes to work under the influence of alcohol. B. The nurse leaves a client's bed in the raised position, resulting in a fall. C. The nurse fails repeatedly to document a client's response to pain medication. D. A nurse assigns first-time ambulation of a postop client to an aide and the client falls. - In what situation may a nurse deliver care that is not considered at the level of required standard of care? A. When directly ordered to do so by a physician B. When the nursing area is considered understaffed C. When the situation is determined to be an emergency D. When the client refuses care that would meet the standard of care. A client who insists on leaving the hospital against medical advice (AMA) after being properly advised signs the necessary form. In order to avoid legal consequences regarding the client's decision, the nurse should: A. objectively document all the details of the situation thoroughly but concisely in the client's medical record. B. notify the nursing supervisor of the client's decision and that all reasonable efforts were made to dissuade the client from leaving. C. have a member of the security staff escort the client off the facility's property and into their private vehicle or public transportation D. with the client's permission notify a contact person that the client is leaving the hospital against medical advice.