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Exam (elaborations)

BLS American Red Cross Exam Questions With Verified Answers

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BLS American Red Cross Exam Questions With Verified Answers AED Operator Role - Answer-this team member manages AED and relieves the compressor /.AED Safety (Patient Considerations) - Answer-Pregnancy - it is safe to use AED Trauma - use AED Pacemakers or ICDs - you should use AED, however adjust placement of pads to ensure it's not placed over device Transdermal Medication Patches - before applying AED, remove with gloved hands, and wipe away additional medication Chest Hair - Quickly shave prior to placing pads Jewelry and piercings - AED can still be used, just adjust pad placement if necessary (don't place directly over metal) /.AED's Deliver defibrillation(s) to patients with two specific arrhythmias - Answer-Ventrical fibrillation (VF) and Ventrical tachycardia (VT) /.Airway Manager Role - Answer-This team member maintains an open airway and seals the mask /.Anterior/Lateral Pad Placement - Answer-place one pad on the upper right chest, below right clavicle to the right of the sternum Place the other pad on the left side of the chest along the midaxillary line a few inches below the armpit /.anterior/posterior pad placement - Answer-place one pad to the center of the patient's chest--on the sternum place one pad to the patient's back between the scapulae /.Assess, Recognize and Care Concept - Answer-a systematic, continuous approach for responding to emergency situations /.Atypical Warning Signs of MI - Answer-Occurs most often in women, diabetics, and older patients symptoms: shortness of breath, stomach back or jaw pain, unexplained fatigue or malaise May occur with or without chest pain - may be atypical chest pain - sudden, sharp, but shortlived outside the breastbone /.Automated External Difibrillator (AED) - Answer-portable electronic device that automatically analyzes the patient's heart rhythm and provides DEFIBRILLATION (electric shock that may help the heart re-establish a perfusing rhythm /.BVM - Answer-Bag-Valve-Mask Resuscitator hand held device attached to a resuscitation mask that is used to ventilate a victim in respiratory arrest or when performing CPR. /.capnography - Answer-measures the end-tidal carbon dioxide level, is a noninvasive way of obtaining an objective measure of compression quality with every ventilation. To measure the ETCO2 level, attach an adapter to BVM, or attach an adapter to the nasal cannula and place it under the mask. When high-quality CPR is provided ETCO2 levels should be in teh range of 15-20 mmHg /.Cardiac Arrest - Answer-Patient is unresponsive, not breathing normally and does not have a pulse *start CPR within 10 seconds of recognizing cardiac arrest and use AED when it's available /.CCF of at least __ is needed to promote optimal outcomes - Answer-60%, 80% should be the goal /.Checking Patient's Pulse/Breathing - Answer-check for at least 5 seconds, no more than 10 sec Agonal breaths or isolated or infrequent gasps are not normal breathing Do not reach across when checking carotid pulse (could obstruct airway) /.Chest Compression Fraction (CCF) - Answer-represents the amount of time spend performing compressions, and is another way to gain objective feedback about the quality of CPR. It is calculated by dividing the time that providers are in contact with the patient's chest by the total duration of the resuscitation event, beginning with arrival of team to achievement of ROSC or end of CPR /.Compression Rate and Depth for Children - Answer-compression rate of 100 - 120 compressions per minute, like with an adult Compress chest about 2 in /.Compression Rate and Depth for Infants - Answer-100 - 120 compressions per minute, at a depth of about 1.5 inches /.Compression-to-ventilation ratio for children - Answer-30:2, however, in multiprovider cpr, ratio changes to 15:2 /.compression-to-ventilation ratio for infants - Answer-only one provider, 30:2, more than one provider 15:2 /.Compressor Role - Answer-This team member is responsible for chest compressions /.CPP (coronary perfusion pressure) - Answer-the difference between the pressure in the aorta and the pressure in the right atrium during diastole /.Emergencies Requiring BLS - Answer-Injury/Illness, respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest, obstructed airway, and opiod overdoes /.Encircling Thumbs Technique - Answer-Multiple providers should use this technique Position (compressor) at infants feet, Position (ventilator) at infants head Place both thumbs side by side on the center of the infant's chest, just below the nipple line, using the other fingers to encircle the infant's chest toward the back providing support Using both thumbs at the same time, compress chest about 1.5 in at a rate of at least 100 but no more than 120 compressions per minute, letting the chest return to normal position between compressions /.For every 1-minute delay in CPR and defibrillation, a patient's chance of survival is reduced by ___ to ___ - Answer-7% to 10% /.For single and multi provider CPR, you should continue CPR/AED use until - Answer-other trained providers arrive and relieve you you see signs of ROSC, such as spontaneous movement or breathing You are presented with valid DNR (do not resuscitate) You are too exhausted to continue The situation becomes unsafe /.High Quality CPR for Adults - Answer-30 chest compression followed by 2 ventilations (30:2) /.How do two providers operate BVM - Answer-When two providers operate the BVM, one provider maintains the mask seal and open airway with two hands in the EC position, while the other provider depresses the bag halfway to deliver ventilations /.How do you deliver mouth to mouth ventilations - Answer-make a seal over patient's mouth with your mouth, pinch the nose shut and deliver ventilations as you would using a pocket mask /.How does one provider operate BVM - Answer-When one provider operates BVM, they maintain the mask seal and open airway with one hand in the E-C hand position. With the other hand, they depress the bag halfway to deliver ventilations /.How is a child defined when it comes to emergency care - Answer-a child is defined as someone from the age of 1 to the onset of puberty (breast development in females, armpit hair in males) usually around age 12

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Uploaded on
August 29, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
Type
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With correct Answers
- Answer-agonal rhythm/asystole

/. - Answer-asystole

/. - Answer-atrial fibrilation

/. - Answer-atrial flutter

/. - Answer-coarse ventricular fibrillation

/. - Answer-fine ventricular fibrillation

/. - Answer-monomorphic ventricular tachycardia

/. - Answer-normal sinus rhythm

/. - Answer-polymorphic ventricular tachycardia - aka torsades

/. - Answer-pulseless electrical activity

/. - Answer-reentry supraventricular tachycardia

/. - Answer-reentry supraventricular tachycardia

/. - Answer-second degree AV block mobitz type 2

/. - Answer-second degree AV block type 1 wenckenbach

/. - Answer-sinus bradycardia

/. - Answer-sinus tachycardia

/. - Answer-third degree AV block

/.. Every 2 minutes - Answer-How often should the team leader switch chest
compressors during a resuscitation attempt?

/.0.1 to 0.5 mcg/kg per minute IV infusion - Answer-What is the recommended dose of
epinephrine for the treatment of hypotension in a post- cardiac arrest patient who
achieves ROSC?

,/.0.5 mg - Answer-A patient with sinus bradycardia and a heart rate of 42 has
diaphoresis and blood pressure of 80/60. What is the initial dose of atropine?

/.1 breath every 5-6 seconds - Answer-What is the appropriate ventilation strategy for
an adult in respiratory arrest with a pulse rate of 80/min?

/.1 to 2 Liters - Answer-hat is the recommended IV fluid (normal saline or Ringer's
lactate) bolus dose for a patient who achieves ROSC but is hypotensive during the post-
cardiac arrest period?

/.1 When providing transcutaneous pacing, the appearance of wide QRS complexes
and tall, broad T waves after each pacing spike confirms that mechanical capture has
been achieved. - Answer-false

/.1- Immediate activation of EMS
2- Early CPR
3- Rapid defibrillation (not in peds)
4- Effective advanced life support
5- Integrated post-cardiac arrest care - Answer-The five links in the adult Chain of
Survival

/.10 In a patient who is showing signs and symptoms of respiratory compromise, you
should provide the minimum level of supplemental oxygen needed to maintain an
oxygen saturation of at least:
Select the correct answer to this question.

80%.
85%.
90%.
94%. - Answer-4

/.10 seconds or less - Answer-What is the appropriate interval for an interruption in
chest compressions?

/.10 to 12 breaths per minute - Answer-What is the recommended assisted ventilation
rate for patients in respiratory arrest with a perfusing rhythm?

/.10 What is the rapid assessment?
Select the correct answer to this question.

1A broad assessment to differentiate possible diagnoses and underlying causes
2A quick head-to-toe assessment of the patient
3A focused assessment of airway, breathing and circulation
4A quick assessment to ensure safety, form an initial impression of the patient and, if
the patient appears to be unresponsive, check for responsiveness, breathing and a
pulse - Answer-4

,/.10 Which anatomic landmark should be used to ensure proper placement of the
precordial electrodes for a 12-lead ECG?

The center of the sternum
The nipples
The angle of Louis (sternal angle)
The xiphoid process - Answer-3

For proper landmarking when placing the precordial electrodes for a 12-lead ECG, first
identify the angle of Louis (sternal angle), which is adjacent to the second rib. Then
palpate down along the sternal border to identify the fourth intercostal space.

/.12 to 24 hours - Answer-What is the recommended duration of therapeutic
hypothermia after reaching the target temperature?

/.12 When providing high-quality CPR to an adult, what is the proper depth for chest
compressions?
Select the correct answer to this question.

About 1.5 inches (4 cm)
At least 1.5 inches (4 cm) but less than 2 inches (5 cm)
About 2 inches (5 cm)
At least 2 inches (5 cm) but less than 2.4 inches (6 cm) - Answer-4

/.120to200J - Answer-What is the recommended energy dose for biphasic synchronized
cardioversion of atrial fibrillation?

/.12mg - Answer-What is the recommended second dose of adenosine for patients in
refractory but stable narrow-complex tachycardia?

/.13 A team member confirms that a message is received and understood. What
communication technique is the team member using?
Select the correct answer to this question.

Direct communication
One-to-one communication
Closed-loop communication
Open-loop communication - Answer-

/.13 What part of the heart's electrical conduction system helps to protect the ventricles
from atrial tachyarrhythmias?
Select the correct answer to this question.

Left bundle branch
Atrioventricular (AV) node

, Sinoatrial (SA) node
Right bundle branch - Answer-2

/.14 A 12-lead ECG shows wide-complex ventricular tachycardia in a stable patient with
a pulse. Which of the following may be indicated in the management of this patient? -
Answer-Expert consultation and/or an antiarrhythmic infusion

/.14 What end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) value confirms adequate ventilation in an
intubated patient in respiratory arrest?
25-35 mmHg
35-45 mmHg
40-50 mmHg
45-55 mmHg - Answer-2

/.15 A 12-lead ECG reveals a tachyarrhythmia with narrow QRS complexes (< 0.12
second). You would classify this arrhythmia as ________. - Answer-SVT (use the three
letters not the word)(

/.15 The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve depicts the relationship between the
partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and the:
Select the correct answer to this question.

Arterial oxygen content (CaO2)
Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2)
Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2)
Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) - Answer-3

/.15 Which statements apply to providing high-quality chest compressions?
Select all correct options that apply.

Minimize interruptions.
Provide at the proper depth.
Minimize chest recoil.
Provide at the proper rate. - Answer-1,2,4

/.150 mg IV push - Answer-A patient is in refractory ventricular fibrillation and has
received multiple appropriate defibrillation shocks, epinephrine 1 mg IV twice, and an
initial dose of 300 mg amiodarone IV. The patient is intubated. A second dose of
amiodarone is now called for. The recommend second dose of amiodarone is ?

/.16 What part of the ECG rhythm strip represents repolarization of the ventricular
myocardial cells?
QRS complex
QT interval
P wave
T wave - Answer-4

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