Test Bank For Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology:
IntroductoryConcepts and Clinical Perspectives 3e
Capriotti ; Complete Solution.
Chapter \1, \The \Cell \in \Health \and \Illness Complete \Chapters \
Multiple \Choice
Identify \the \choice \that \best \completes \the \statement \or \answers \the Answers \Included
\question.
1. \ \ Which \statement \regarding \the \sodium-potassium \pump \is \correct?
1. The \cell’s \plasma \membrane \is \more \soluble \to \sodium \ions \than \potassium
\ions.
2. The \concentration \of \sodium \ions \should \be \higher \inside \the \cell \compartment.
3. The \concentration \of \potassium \ions \should \be \higher \outside \the \cell
\compartment.
4. Active \transport \involves \pumping \out \three \sodium \ions \and \pumping \in \two
\potassium \ions.
2. \ Which \cellular \function \generates \the \same \amount \of \energy \in \the \absence \of \oxygen \as \it
\does \in \the \presence \of \oxygen?
1. Dissipation \of \pyruvic \acid
2. Initiation \of \the \citric \acid \cycle
3. Activation \of \acetyl-coenzyme \A
4. Creation \of \acidosis \via \lactic \acid
3. \ \ How \many \adenosine \triphosphates \(ATPs) \are \produced \in \aerobic \energy \metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
4. \ \ Which \cell \organelles \differ \in \their \number \according \to \the \cell’s \energy \needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic \acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic \acids
,5. \ \ Which \option \best \explains \why \more \energy \is \produced \when \a \person \is \exercising?
1. Exercise \causes \an \increase \in \the \synthesis \of \protein.
2. There \is \an \increase \in \the \production \of \pyruvic \acid \in \the \cells.
3. The \conversion \of \pyruvic \acid \to \lactic \acid \is \increased \by \exercise.
4. Muscle \cells \have \more \mitochondria \to \meet \energy \demands.
024
, 6. \ \ When \does \ribosomal \protein \synthesis \cease?
1. During \endoplasmic \reticulum \stress
2. During \the \synthesis \of \adenosine \triphosphate \(ATP)
3. During \severe \hypoxia
4. During \the \processing \of \prohormone
7. \ \ Which \cellular \components \are \responsible \for \propelling \mucus \and \inhaled \debris \out \of \the
\lungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory \vesicles
4. Endoplasmic \reticula
8. \ \ What \are \the \key \proteins \in \the \contractile \units \of \the \muscle \cells?
1. Actin \and \myosin
2. Prohormone \and \tubulin
3. Tubulin \and \actin
4. Myosin \and \prohormone
9. \ \ Which \deficiency \causes \Tay-Sachs \disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal \enzymes
\ \ 10. \ \ Which \of \the \following \is \a \characteristic \of \adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation \of \ganglioside
2. Cessation \of \ribosomal \protein \synthesis
3. Acceleration \of \cellular \proteasome \activity
4. Accumulation \of \long-chain \fatty \acids \in \the \nervous \system
\ \ 11. \ Which \statement \regarding \endoplasmic \reticulum \(ER) \stress \is \correct?
1. During \ER \stress, \proteins \are \rapidly \degraded.
2. During \ER \stress, \lipids \cannot \travel \to \their \proper \intracellular \locations.
3. During \ER \stress, \long-chain \fatty \acids \accumulate \in \the \nervous \system.
4. During \ER \stress, \nondegraded \substances \accumulate \in \the \cells.
, \ \ 12. \ Which \statement \regarding \mitochondria \is \correct?
1. Mitochondrial \DNA \is \identical \to \nuclear \DNA.
2. Mitochondria \reproduce \in \response \to \an \increased \need \for \ATP.
3. Mitochondria \are \primarily \obtained \from \sperm \during \human \fertilization.
4. Mitochondrial \DNA \is \immune \to \the \effects \of \free \radicals.
\ 13. \ A \newborn \patient \exhibits \characteristics \of \severe \physical \deformities. \Which \cellular
\component \is \examined \to \determine \the \cause \and \probability \of \the \disease \being \genetically
\transferred?
1. Transfer \RNA
2. Ribosomal \RNA
3. Double \helix \of \DNA
4. Mitochondrial \DNA
\ 14. \ A \hiker \experiences \muscle \pain \and \acidosis \while \ascending \a \high, \steep \mountain. \Which
\option \is \the \reason \for \these \manifestations?
1. Cellular \hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular \edema
\ \ 15. \ \ Which \factor \accounts \for \DNA’s \unique \molecular \ability \to \replicate?
1. The \pairing \of \nitrogenous \bases
2. The \presence \of \pyrimidine \bases
3. The \presence \of \nucleotides
4. The \nitrogenous \base \and \phosphate \bond
\ \ 16. \ How \many \nitrogenous \bases \compose \a \single \codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
\ \ 17. \ Which \components \form \the \structure \of \DNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino \acids
IntroductoryConcepts and Clinical Perspectives 3e
Capriotti ; Complete Solution.
Chapter \1, \The \Cell \in \Health \and \Illness Complete \Chapters \
Multiple \Choice
Identify \the \choice \that \best \completes \the \statement \or \answers \the Answers \Included
\question.
1. \ \ Which \statement \regarding \the \sodium-potassium \pump \is \correct?
1. The \cell’s \plasma \membrane \is \more \soluble \to \sodium \ions \than \potassium
\ions.
2. The \concentration \of \sodium \ions \should \be \higher \inside \the \cell \compartment.
3. The \concentration \of \potassium \ions \should \be \higher \outside \the \cell
\compartment.
4. Active \transport \involves \pumping \out \three \sodium \ions \and \pumping \in \two
\potassium \ions.
2. \ Which \cellular \function \generates \the \same \amount \of \energy \in \the \absence \of \oxygen \as \it
\does \in \the \presence \of \oxygen?
1. Dissipation \of \pyruvic \acid
2. Initiation \of \the \citric \acid \cycle
3. Activation \of \acetyl-coenzyme \A
4. Creation \of \acidosis \via \lactic \acid
3. \ \ How \many \adenosine \triphosphates \(ATPs) \are \produced \in \aerobic \energy \metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
4. \ \ Which \cell \organelles \differ \in \their \number \according \to \the \cell’s \energy \needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic \acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic \acids
,5. \ \ Which \option \best \explains \why \more \energy \is \produced \when \a \person \is \exercising?
1. Exercise \causes \an \increase \in \the \synthesis \of \protein.
2. There \is \an \increase \in \the \production \of \pyruvic \acid \in \the \cells.
3. The \conversion \of \pyruvic \acid \to \lactic \acid \is \increased \by \exercise.
4. Muscle \cells \have \more \mitochondria \to \meet \energy \demands.
024
, 6. \ \ When \does \ribosomal \protein \synthesis \cease?
1. During \endoplasmic \reticulum \stress
2. During \the \synthesis \of \adenosine \triphosphate \(ATP)
3. During \severe \hypoxia
4. During \the \processing \of \prohormone
7. \ \ Which \cellular \components \are \responsible \for \propelling \mucus \and \inhaled \debris \out \of \the
\lungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory \vesicles
4. Endoplasmic \reticula
8. \ \ What \are \the \key \proteins \in \the \contractile \units \of \the \muscle \cells?
1. Actin \and \myosin
2. Prohormone \and \tubulin
3. Tubulin \and \actin
4. Myosin \and \prohormone
9. \ \ Which \deficiency \causes \Tay-Sachs \disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal \enzymes
\ \ 10. \ \ Which \of \the \following \is \a \characteristic \of \adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation \of \ganglioside
2. Cessation \of \ribosomal \protein \synthesis
3. Acceleration \of \cellular \proteasome \activity
4. Accumulation \of \long-chain \fatty \acids \in \the \nervous \system
\ \ 11. \ Which \statement \regarding \endoplasmic \reticulum \(ER) \stress \is \correct?
1. During \ER \stress, \proteins \are \rapidly \degraded.
2. During \ER \stress, \lipids \cannot \travel \to \their \proper \intracellular \locations.
3. During \ER \stress, \long-chain \fatty \acids \accumulate \in \the \nervous \system.
4. During \ER \stress, \nondegraded \substances \accumulate \in \the \cells.
, \ \ 12. \ Which \statement \regarding \mitochondria \is \correct?
1. Mitochondrial \DNA \is \identical \to \nuclear \DNA.
2. Mitochondria \reproduce \in \response \to \an \increased \need \for \ATP.
3. Mitochondria \are \primarily \obtained \from \sperm \during \human \fertilization.
4. Mitochondrial \DNA \is \immune \to \the \effects \of \free \radicals.
\ 13. \ A \newborn \patient \exhibits \characteristics \of \severe \physical \deformities. \Which \cellular
\component \is \examined \to \determine \the \cause \and \probability \of \the \disease \being \genetically
\transferred?
1. Transfer \RNA
2. Ribosomal \RNA
3. Double \helix \of \DNA
4. Mitochondrial \DNA
\ 14. \ A \hiker \experiences \muscle \pain \and \acidosis \while \ascending \a \high, \steep \mountain. \Which
\option \is \the \reason \for \these \manifestations?
1. Cellular \hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular \edema
\ \ 15. \ \ Which \factor \accounts \for \DNA’s \unique \molecular \ability \to \replicate?
1. The \pairing \of \nitrogenous \bases
2. The \presence \of \pyrimidine \bases
3. The \presence \of \nucleotides
4. The \nitrogenous \base \and \phosphate \bond
\ \ 16. \ How \many \nitrogenous \bases \compose \a \single \codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
\ \ 17. \ Which \components \form \the \structure \of \DNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino \acids
