HCR 240 Exam Questions With Correct Answers

HCR 240 Exam Questions With Correct Answers The base components of DNA - answerA, G, C, and T A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to this condition - answerTetraploidy A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down Syndrome. What is the nurse's best response? - answerPregnancy in women over age 35 A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart? - answerTurner Syndrome What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an XXY chromosome configuration? - answerKlinefelter A child is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. History reveals that the child's parents are siblings. Cystic fibrosis was most likely the result of: - answerConsanguinity The gradual increase in height among the human population over the past 100 years is an example of: - answerA multifactorial trait When discussing DNA replication, which enzyme is most important - answerDNA polymerase When the nurse is teaching the staff about X-linked recessive disorders, which information should the nurse include? (select all that apply) - answer-The trait is never transmitted from father to son -The gene can be transmitted through a series of carrier females -The gene is passed from an effected father to all his daughters Research has demonstrated that neutral stem cells have an impaired ability to differentiate into functional neurons when subjected to: - answerEthanol EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 29, 2024 12:59 PM During which stage of human development does the role of epigenetics have the greatest impact on the development of epigenetic abnormalities? - answerIn utero Research has provided support for the theory that epigenetic modifications can result from deficient in utero nutrition causing which chronic disease? (select all that apply) - answer- Obesity -Cardiovascular disease -Diabetes The embryo/fetus is most vulnerable to teratogenic agents during: - answerThe first trimester of pregnancy Mr. and Mrs. Ready are seeking genetic counseling. Mrs. Ready knows that she carries the gene for PKU (Phenylketonuria). Based on your understanding of genetics and the pathophysiology of PKU, which of the following is true? - answerPKU is an enzyme deficiency, resulting in inability to metabolize phenylalanine An order photographic display of a set of chromosomes from a single cell is a: - answerKaryotype Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact? - answerCell junction A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitates his continued muscle performance? - answerAnaerobic glycolysis During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, and this is referred to a what type of atrophy? - answerPhysiologic When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will experience hypertrophy which is an: - answerIncrease in size A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial)reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called: - answerMetaplasia When planning care for the pregnant patient, the nurse will recall that the mammary glands enlarge as a consequence of: - answerHormonal hyperplasia A 24-year-old female presents with excessive menstrual bleeding. The physician identified endometrial changes that are due to hormonal imbalances. These cellular changes would be referred to as: - answerPathologic hyperplasia EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 29, 2024 12:59 PM A 40-year-old female's pap smear indicates abnormal changes in the shape and organization of cervical cells. Which term would be used to identify this type of change? - answerDysplasia A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process? - answerNecrosis Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: - answerDecreased ATP production A 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet. Which of the following aided in the development of swelling? - answerNa+ movement into the cell A 2-year-old swallowed watch batteries. Following ingestion, kidney function was Impaired, and the heart began to fail. Which of the following was the most likely cause? - answerCoagulative necrosis While reading a textbook, a student reads the term apoptosis. The student recalls that apoptosis is a condition in which cells program themselves to: - answerDie What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases? - answerIt is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result from cell injury Confirmation of somatic death is based on: - answerComplete cessation of respiration and circulation Which information indicates a nurse understands characteristics of malignant tumors? - answerCells vary in size and shape A 25-year-old male develops a tumor of the breast glandular tissue. What type of tumor will be documented on the chart? - answerAdenocarcinoma A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with cancer. Testing reveals that the cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes. A nurse realized this cancer would be documented as stage: - answer3 A primary care provider is attempting to diagnose cancer and is looking for a tumor marker. Which of the following could be a possible marker? - answerEnzymes A 45-year-old female was recently diagnosed with cervical cancer. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her cancer? - answerHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) Which statement indicates the patient has a correct understanding of metastasis? The most common route of metastasis is through the blood v