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Crusader States 1
Events after the First Crusade:
→ Area known as Outremer = general term for Crusader States = Edessa, Antioch,
Tripoli and Jerusalem
→ Once Jerusalem had been captured many went home = had fulfilled vow =
some remained
→ Once inside the city Crus slaughtered 1000s of Muslims, Jews, Christians, men,
women + children = many fled to mighty Al-Aqsa mosque = all killed ⇒
indiscriminate, not systematic
→ Godfrey found out about Vizier Al-Afdals army approaching Ascalon, got word
to Count of Flanders + Normandy = joined them with Raymond to surprise them +
drive them into the sea
Who should be King?:
Crusader States 1 1
, Godfrey of Bouillon:
Captured Jerusalem, good fighter + religious
Not massively powerful, supported the Holy Roman Emperor in Investiture
Contest, promised to hand over land to Alexios, prevented capture of Ascalon
Baldwin:
Established 1st Crusader State, delayed Muslim army on way to Antioch,
supplied Crusade with food during Siege of Antioch, good fighter
Didn’t go to Jerusalem, promised to hand over land to Alexios
Raymond of Toulouse:
Brought the largest contingent of Crusade army, 1st to take the cross, oldest +
most experienced, wanted to resupply + get more men, did not promise to
hand over land to Alexios, became leader of the Crusade
Hesitated after victory at Antioch, perceived as less willing to go to Jerusalem,
didn’t want Bohemond to get Antioch, refused to be King when offered the
crown = feudal system + Divine Right of Kings
Bohemond:
Major role in siege of Nicea, capture Antioch, brilliant solider
Younger son with no land, didn’t go to Jerusalem, promised to hand over
captured land to Alexios, wanted to be Commander of Byzantine army in the
East
Crusader States 1 2
, 💡 What makes a successful Medieval King?
Communication
Experience
Power
Relations with other leaders, people, papacy, knights, barons +
nobles
Fighting ability
Money
Provide supplies + defences
Religious
Politically savvy
Good local knowledge
Who?:
Godfrey = King in all but name = refused to be known by Christ’s title = Known
as Duke and Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre
By June 1099 14,000 reached Jerusalem, 15 July Godfrey 1st to climb over the
city walls, prayed in Church of Holy Sepulchre while bloodshed continued
Until 1095 was a minor noble with lim influence, gave up much of his land to
raise money for an army + ordered 20 Muslims to be blinded to prevent them
fighting again
King Of Jerusalem = feudal overlord + government in each province +
kingdom had their own legal + political structures
Godfrey died in 1100 childless + his brother Baldwin had no qualms in adopting
the title King
Crusader States 1 3
Crusader States 1
Events after the First Crusade:
→ Area known as Outremer = general term for Crusader States = Edessa, Antioch,
Tripoli and Jerusalem
→ Once Jerusalem had been captured many went home = had fulfilled vow =
some remained
→ Once inside the city Crus slaughtered 1000s of Muslims, Jews, Christians, men,
women + children = many fled to mighty Al-Aqsa mosque = all killed ⇒
indiscriminate, not systematic
→ Godfrey found out about Vizier Al-Afdals army approaching Ascalon, got word
to Count of Flanders + Normandy = joined them with Raymond to surprise them +
drive them into the sea
Who should be King?:
Crusader States 1 1
, Godfrey of Bouillon:
Captured Jerusalem, good fighter + religious
Not massively powerful, supported the Holy Roman Emperor in Investiture
Contest, promised to hand over land to Alexios, prevented capture of Ascalon
Baldwin:
Established 1st Crusader State, delayed Muslim army on way to Antioch,
supplied Crusade with food during Siege of Antioch, good fighter
Didn’t go to Jerusalem, promised to hand over land to Alexios
Raymond of Toulouse:
Brought the largest contingent of Crusade army, 1st to take the cross, oldest +
most experienced, wanted to resupply + get more men, did not promise to
hand over land to Alexios, became leader of the Crusade
Hesitated after victory at Antioch, perceived as less willing to go to Jerusalem,
didn’t want Bohemond to get Antioch, refused to be King when offered the
crown = feudal system + Divine Right of Kings
Bohemond:
Major role in siege of Nicea, capture Antioch, brilliant solider
Younger son with no land, didn’t go to Jerusalem, promised to hand over
captured land to Alexios, wanted to be Commander of Byzantine army in the
East
Crusader States 1 2
, 💡 What makes a successful Medieval King?
Communication
Experience
Power
Relations with other leaders, people, papacy, knights, barons +
nobles
Fighting ability
Money
Provide supplies + defences
Religious
Politically savvy
Good local knowledge
Who?:
Godfrey = King in all but name = refused to be known by Christ’s title = Known
as Duke and Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre
By June 1099 14,000 reached Jerusalem, 15 July Godfrey 1st to climb over the
city walls, prayed in Church of Holy Sepulchre while bloodshed continued
Until 1095 was a minor noble with lim influence, gave up much of his land to
raise money for an army + ordered 20 Muslims to be blinded to prevent them
fighting again
King Of Jerusalem = feudal overlord + government in each province +
kingdom had their own legal + political structures
Godfrey died in 1100 childless + his brother Baldwin had no qualms in adopting
the title King
Crusader States 1 3
