RN MATERNAL NEWBORN ATI PROCTORED EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATES 2024) ALREADY PASSED

RN MATERNAL NEWBORN ATI PROCTORED EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATES 2024) ALREADY PASSED When is Rhogam given? - answers o Given at 28 weeks and also within 72 hours of delivery o Also given after abortion, ectopic pregnancy, amniocentesis What is gravidity? Example. - answers Number of pregnancies Nulligravida: never been pregnant Primigravida: first pregnancy What are presumptive signs of pregnancy? - answers Perceived by the woman Signs: amenorrhea, fatigue, nausea, vomiting Urinary frequency, uterine enlargement Breast changes (darkened areolae, enlarged Montgomery glands Quickening Define quickening. When does it occur? - answers Quickening is the term used to describe when the mother first detects fetal movements, usually at 18 to 20 weeks of gestation in a primigravida and 16 to 18 weeks of gestation in a multigravida. What are probable signs of pregnancy? - answers Perceived by the examiner Signs: Abdominal enlargement, positive pregnancy test, fetal outline felt by examiner Braxton Hicks contractions, Ballottement Hegar's sign, Goodell's sign, Chadwick's sign What are Braxton Hicks contractions? - answers false labor contractions that can begin as early as the sixth month of pregnancy; painless, irregular, and usually relieved by walking or changing position - if contractions increase in intensity and frequency (true contractions) with regularity, notify provider What is ballottement? - answers Light tap of examining finger on cervix causes fetus to rise in amniotic fluid & then rebound to original position (16-18 wks); used to diagnose pregnancy rebound of unengaged fetus Hegar's sign - answers softening and compressibility of lower uterus Goodell's sign - answers softening of the cervix Chadwick's sign - answers Bluish purple discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia during pregnancy as a result of increased vascular congestion. What are positive signs of pregnancy? - answers Fetal heart sounds Fetal movement felt by examiner Ultrasound visualization of fetus During what week of pregnancy is the fetal heartbeat detectable? - answers 10 weeks; using a doppler device How early can a fetus be visualized using an ultrasound? - answers 4-5weeks What is the least effective method of contraception? - answers Coitus interruptus (withdrawal) Advantage: possible choice for monogamous couples No protection against STIs Usually influenced by male partner's control What is the rhythm method? - answers Also known as the "calendar method" Abstinence during fertile periods Woman records her menstrual cycle by calculating her fertile period most useful when combined with basal body temperature or cervical mucus method How is the fertile period calculate? - answers Record the number of days in each menstrual cycle for atleast 6 cycles (From beginning of first period to beginning of next period) Subtract 18 days from the number of days in the woman's shortest cycle (start of the fertile period) Subtract 11 days from the number of days in the longest cycle (end of the fertile period) Example: Shortest cycle: 26-18 = 8th day Longest cycle: 30-11=19th day Fertile period: days 8-19; avoid intercourse When does ovulation occur? - answers 14 days before the onset of the menstrual cycle How long is the sperm and ovum viable? - answers sperm: 48-72 hours; takes 24 hours to fertilize an egg ovum: 24 hours (after ovulation) How is basal body temperature used as a natural contraceptive method? - answers Temperature can drop slightly at the time of ovulation Monitored by measuring oral temp prior to getting out of bed each morning What is the cervical mucus method of contraception? - answers Spinnbarkeit sign; the ability of the mucus to stretch between the fingers is greatest during ovulation Begin examining mucus from the last day of the of the menstrual cycle; mucus is obtained from the vaginal introitus Do not douche prior to assessment What is the spinnbarkeit sign? - answers The time of the month when mucus can stretch between fingers is the greatest. Cervical mucous is thin and flexible to allow for sperm viability and motility. It means you are ovulating. What can the cervical mucus method diagnose? - answers Self evaluation of cervical mucus can be helpful in determining the start of ovulation while breastfeeding, noting the commencement of menopause, and planning a desired pregnancy What are the advantages of male condoms? - answers Protects against STIs Involves the male in the birth control method Readily accessible What are the disadvantages of male condoms? - answers Can reduce spontaneity of intercourse High rate of noncompliance Penis must be erect to apply Withdrawing the penis while still erect can interfere with sexual intercourse What type of lubricants can be used for latex condoms? - answers ONLY watersoluble; this is to avoid condom breakage What is a female condom (FC2)? - answers Vaginal sheath made of nitrile, a nonlatex synthetic rubber, with flexible rings on both ends; coated with silicone oil lubricant; 17cm long Expensive (18.95) Flexible inner closed ring inserted into vagina prior to intercourse and anchored around the cervix to hold condom in place wider external second ring (open ring) remains outside the vagina and covers the labias Can be inserted standing, sitting, squatting, lying down Removed and thrown away after sex What is the diaphragm and spermicide form of contraception? - answers Domeshaped cup with a flexible rim made of silicone that fits snugly over the cervix with spermicidal cream or gel applied on dome and around the rim Available in different sizes; client should be properly fitted with a diaphragm by a provider (requires a prescription) Empty bladder prior to insertion Requires proper insertion and removal to be effective Interferes with spontaneity; inconvenient