UNCG BIO 277 Final Exam Review Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

____ cells in the stomach release hydrochloric acid which converts ___ to ___. - parietal; pepsinogen; pepsin ____ of testosterone into the granulosa cells from theca cells is an example of ___. - simple diffusion; paracrine signaling ________ in the blood can indicate that a myocardial infarction has occurred. - cardiac troponin ____, released from the digestive actions of proteases and peptidases, are absorbed into intestinal cells by ___. - amino acids; secondary active transport A drug that causes voltage-gated sodium channels to stay open for an abnormally longer period of time will cause the resting membrane potential of a neuron to be ____ normal. - more positive than A drug that increases the activity of myosin kinase in smooth muscle has the potential to... - increase uterine contractions to induce labor A drug that increases the entry of extracellular Ca⁺² into the cytosol of cardia pumping cells would... - increase stroke volume A high pH level will cause the kidneys to begin reabsorbing more ___ from the filtrate to the blood. - H+ A higher pH level in the plasma usually causes the ventilation rate to ____. - decrease A person living at high altitude, where the partial pressure of oxygen is very low, would likely have high levels of ___ in their plasma which ____ the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. - 2,3-DPG; decreasesA slightly increased flow of renal filtrate past the macula densa releases a paracrine signal that ____ the afferent arteriole, thus ____ the glomerular filtration rate. - constricts; decreasing A tumor that substantially reduces oxygen delivery to the nephrons, will cause... - a decrease in glucose reabsorption Abnormally increased osmolarity in the plasma stimulates the release of ____ from the ____. - ADH; PPG Abnormally low MAP can increase sympathetic signaling, directly leading to... - increased heart rate Acetylcholine receptors are known as either... - nicotinic or muscarinic ADH is a hormone that ___ diuresis and ___ blood vessels. - decreases; constricts An antagonist of nicotinic cholinergic receptors would likely cause... - flaccid paralysis of skeletal muscle An increase in ____ secretion can lead to "muscle wasting" due to proteolysis, a ____ state. - cortisol; catabolic ANG II ___ the myosin-kinase activity in vascular circular smooth muscle around the afferent arterioles supplying the glomerulus thus ___ the glomerular filtration rate. -decreases; decreasing -decreases; increasing -increases; decreasing -increases; increasing - increases; decreasing ANG II receptor blockers are often preferred by patients over ACE inhibitors because they don't cause ___ as a side effect.- increased heart rate - hypertension - coughing - scleroderma - coughing As a pneumonia patient accumulates fluid in his lungs, this reduces gas exchange. The resulting increase of ___ in the blood can cause respiratory ____. - CO2 levels; acidosis