ALL HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXAM TEST BANK 2023/2024.ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES/A+ GRADE/LATEST REVISED AND REVIEWED
VERSION 2024
1. Which of the following is the most appropriate method for confirming
placement of a nasogastric tube?
A. Listening for a whooshing sound over the stomach after injecting air
B. Checking the pH of aspirated stomach contents
C. Asking the patient to speak
D. Observing the color of aspirated fluid
Answer: B. Checking the pH of aspirated stomach contents
Rationale: Checking the pH of aspirated stomach contents is the most
reliable method for confirming nasogastric tube placement. Stomach
contents typically have a pH of 1 to 5, which can help verify proper tube
placement.
2. A nurse is providing care to a patient with a urinary catheter. Which
intervention is most important to prevent infection?
A. Ensuring the catheter bag is always above bladder level
B. Using clean technique when emptying the catheter bag
C. Securing the catheter to the patient's leg
D. Performing perineal care daily and as needed
,Answer: D. Performing perineal care daily and as needed
Rationale: Regular perineal care helps prevent infection by maintaining
cleanliness and reducing bacterial contamination at the catheter insertion
site.
3. When assessing a patient's respiratory status, the nurse notices a rate
of 28 breaths per minute. This condition is known as:
A. Tachycardia
B. Tachypnea
C. Bradypnea
D. Dyspnea
Answer: B. Tachypnea
Rationale: Tachypnea is the medical term for a respiratory rate greater
than the normal range, which is typically 12-20 breaths per minute for
adults.
4. A nurse is teaching a patient how to use an incentive spirometer.
Which instruction is correct?
A. Inhale slowly and deeply through the spirometer, hold your breath
briefly, then exhale.
B. Exhale completely into the spirometer, then inhale quickly.
C. Inhale quickly through the spirometer, then exhale slowly.
,D. Exhale completely, then inhale slowly and deeply through the
spirometer.
Answer: A. Inhale slowly and deeply through the spirometer, hold
your breath briefly, then exhale.
Rationale: The correct technique for using an incentive spirometer
involves slow, deep inhalation followed by holding the breath briefly to
maximize lung expansion and promote alveolar inflation.
5. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a patient
experiencing a febrile reaction during a blood transfusion?
A. Slowing the transfusion rate
B. Stopping the transfusion immediately
C. Administering an antihistamine
D. Documenting the reaction in the patient's chart
Answer: B. Stopping the transfusion immediately
Rationale: The first priority during a febrile reaction to a blood
transfusion is to stop the transfusion immediately to prevent further
complications. Then, notify the healthcare provider and follow
institutional protocols.
6. A patient is scheduled for surgery and is anxious about the procedure.
Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Telling the patient that everything will be fine
B. Providing detailed information about the surgery
, C. Offering to call a spiritual advisor
D. Listening to the patient's concerns and providing reassurance
Answer: D. Listening to the patient's concerns and providing
reassurance
Rationale: Actively listening to the patient's concerns and providing
reassurance can help alleviate anxiety and promote a sense of trust and
support.
7. When administering a subcutaneous injection, which angle of
insertion is appropriate for a patient with little subcutaneous fat?
A. 90 degrees
B. 75 degrees
C. 45 degrees
D. 15 degrees
Answer: C. 45 degrees
Rationale: For patients with little subcutaneous fat, a 45-degree angle of
insertion is appropriate to ensure the medication is delivered into the
subcutaneous tissue and not the muscle.
8. A patient is prescribed a new medication and reports a history of
allergies. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
A. Review the patient's allergy history with them
B. Administer a small test dose of the medication
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES/A+ GRADE/LATEST REVISED AND REVIEWED
VERSION 2024
1. Which of the following is the most appropriate method for confirming
placement of a nasogastric tube?
A. Listening for a whooshing sound over the stomach after injecting air
B. Checking the pH of aspirated stomach contents
C. Asking the patient to speak
D. Observing the color of aspirated fluid
Answer: B. Checking the pH of aspirated stomach contents
Rationale: Checking the pH of aspirated stomach contents is the most
reliable method for confirming nasogastric tube placement. Stomach
contents typically have a pH of 1 to 5, which can help verify proper tube
placement.
2. A nurse is providing care to a patient with a urinary catheter. Which
intervention is most important to prevent infection?
A. Ensuring the catheter bag is always above bladder level
B. Using clean technique when emptying the catheter bag
C. Securing the catheter to the patient's leg
D. Performing perineal care daily and as needed
,Answer: D. Performing perineal care daily and as needed
Rationale: Regular perineal care helps prevent infection by maintaining
cleanliness and reducing bacterial contamination at the catheter insertion
site.
3. When assessing a patient's respiratory status, the nurse notices a rate
of 28 breaths per minute. This condition is known as:
A. Tachycardia
B. Tachypnea
C. Bradypnea
D. Dyspnea
Answer: B. Tachypnea
Rationale: Tachypnea is the medical term for a respiratory rate greater
than the normal range, which is typically 12-20 breaths per minute for
adults.
4. A nurse is teaching a patient how to use an incentive spirometer.
Which instruction is correct?
A. Inhale slowly and deeply through the spirometer, hold your breath
briefly, then exhale.
B. Exhale completely into the spirometer, then inhale quickly.
C. Inhale quickly through the spirometer, then exhale slowly.
,D. Exhale completely, then inhale slowly and deeply through the
spirometer.
Answer: A. Inhale slowly and deeply through the spirometer, hold
your breath briefly, then exhale.
Rationale: The correct technique for using an incentive spirometer
involves slow, deep inhalation followed by holding the breath briefly to
maximize lung expansion and promote alveolar inflation.
5. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a patient
experiencing a febrile reaction during a blood transfusion?
A. Slowing the transfusion rate
B. Stopping the transfusion immediately
C. Administering an antihistamine
D. Documenting the reaction in the patient's chart
Answer: B. Stopping the transfusion immediately
Rationale: The first priority during a febrile reaction to a blood
transfusion is to stop the transfusion immediately to prevent further
complications. Then, notify the healthcare provider and follow
institutional protocols.
6. A patient is scheduled for surgery and is anxious about the procedure.
Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Telling the patient that everything will be fine
B. Providing detailed information about the surgery
, C. Offering to call a spiritual advisor
D. Listening to the patient's concerns and providing reassurance
Answer: D. Listening to the patient's concerns and providing
reassurance
Rationale: Actively listening to the patient's concerns and providing
reassurance can help alleviate anxiety and promote a sense of trust and
support.
7. When administering a subcutaneous injection, which angle of
insertion is appropriate for a patient with little subcutaneous fat?
A. 90 degrees
B. 75 degrees
C. 45 degrees
D. 15 degrees
Answer: C. 45 degrees
Rationale: For patients with little subcutaneous fat, a 45-degree angle of
insertion is appropriate to ensure the medication is delivered into the
subcutaneous tissue and not the muscle.
8. A patient is prescribed a new medication and reports a history of
allergies. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
A. Review the patient's allergy history with them
B. Administer a small test dose of the medication
