NSG223/ NSG 223 Exam 4: (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Med Surg II Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A – Herzing

NSG223/ NSG 223 Exam 4: (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Med Surg II Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A – Herzing Q: cataracts symptoms - cloudiness of the lens - painless - sensitivity to glare - reduced visual acuity - color shifts - trouble with night vision Q: risk factors for cataracts Answer: - advanced age (biggest factor) - smoking - diabetes - overweight - sun exposure - multiple factors at one time increase risk even more Q: treatment of cataracts Answer: - surgery to replace lens - intraocular lens implant is placed - aphakic lenses (used only if IOL is not done) Q: pre-operative nursing management of cataracts Answer: - ask about alpha antago- nists (Tamsulosin) - causes "floppy iris" - use of dilating eyedrops Q: post-operative education for cataracts Answer: - use eye shield for first 24 hours and then at night for 1 week - avoid rubbing eye - Tylenol for pain control - clean eyes with damp washcloth - call provider if there are vision changes Q: macular degeneration Answer: - progressive central blindness - age-related disease - accounts for 54% of blindness in adults - dry (85-90% of cases) - slow breakdown of retina, no treatment - wet - abrupt onset, abnormal blood vessels under retina, lines appear curved Q: management of macular degeneration Answer: - dry type: no treatment - Amsler Grid (measures worsening of wet type): lines appear wavy - vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors: injections monthly or bimonth- ly into the eye to dry up blood vessels - photodynamic therapy: injected dye activated by laser Q: ophthalmic medication administration steps** (drag and drop) Answer: - wash hands - tilt head back - pull lower lid down - place dropper over eye - look up, apply drop, look down - release eyelid and press corner of eye for 3-5 minutes - wait 5-10 minutes between drops in 1 eye Q: patient education for ophthalmic patients** SATA Answer: - limit time on computers - avoid eye strain - avoid exposure to dust and smoke - never use someone else's eye medications - do not drive at night after using eyedrops - do not use OTC drops for more than 3 days, seek medical attention if no improve- ment Someone else's computer drives trains OTC for 3 days bc of dust & smoke Q: types of stroke Answer: - ischemic - blood flow blocked to specific area of brain (more common) - hemorrhagic - bleeding in the brain Q: cerebrovascular disorder functional abnormality of the CNS that occurs when the blood supply is disrupted (stroke is primary type in US)