WGU D313 Anatomy and Physiology Objective Assessment 2025 | Up-
to-Date Exam Questions with Detailed Answers
Question 1:
Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of
insulin in the human body?
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Kidneys
D) Thyroid
Answer: B) Pancreas
Rationale: The pancreas contains clusters of cells known as the islets of
Langerhans, which are responsible for producing insulin. Insulin is a
hormone that regulates blood glucose levels.
Question 2:
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for regulating heart
rate and breathing?
A) Cerebrum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Thalamus
D) Cerebellum
Answer: B) Medulla oblongata
Rationale: The medulla oblongata is part of the brainstem and is
responsible for autonomic functions, including regulating heart rate,
blood pressure, and breathing.
,Question 3:
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A) Immune defense
B) Oxygen transport
C) Blood clotting
D) Nutrient absorption
Answer: B) Oxygen transport
Rationale: Red blood cells (RBCs) are responsible for transporting
oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carrying carbon dioxide from
the tissues back to the lungs for exhalation.
Question 4:
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the conduction
pathway of the heart?
A) SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers
B) AV node → SA node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers
C) Bundle of His → SA node → AV node → Purkinje fibers
D) Purkinje fibers → SA node → AV node → Bundle of His
Answer: A) SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers
Rationale: The conduction pathway begins at the sinoatrial (SA) node,
then moves to the atrioventricular (AV) node, the Bundle of His, and
finally the Purkinje fibers, which stimulate ventricular contraction.
Question 5:
,Which of the following types of muscle tissue is under voluntary
control?
A) Cardiac
B) Smooth
C) Skeletal
D) None of the above
Answer: C) Skeletal
Rationale: Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control, meaning it can be
consciously controlled. It is attached to bones and allows for
movement.
Question 6:
Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?
A) Regulates metabolism
B) Transports oxygen to tissues
C) Defends against infections
D) Produces hormones
Answer: C) Defends against infections
Rationale: The lymphatic system is part of the immune system and
helps defend the body against infections. It transports lymph, a fluid
that contains immune cells, and filters it through lymph nodes.
Question 7:
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the fight-or-flight
response?
, A) Insulin
B) Estrogen
C) Epinephrine
D) Progesterone
Answer: C) Epinephrine
Rationale: Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is released by the
adrenal glands during stress and initiates the fight-or-flight response,
increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and energy availability.
Question 8:
What is the main function of the kidneys in the urinary system?
A) Filtration of blood
B) Production of hormones
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Digestion of food
Answer: A) Filtration of blood
Rationale: The kidneys filter waste products, excess substances, and
toxins from the blood to form urine. They also help regulate electrolyte
balance and blood pressure.
Question 9:
Which of the following structures is involved in the absorption of
nutrients in the digestive system?
A) Stomach
B) Large intestine
to-Date Exam Questions with Detailed Answers
Question 1:
Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of
insulin in the human body?
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Kidneys
D) Thyroid
Answer: B) Pancreas
Rationale: The pancreas contains clusters of cells known as the islets of
Langerhans, which are responsible for producing insulin. Insulin is a
hormone that regulates blood glucose levels.
Question 2:
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for regulating heart
rate and breathing?
A) Cerebrum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Thalamus
D) Cerebellum
Answer: B) Medulla oblongata
Rationale: The medulla oblongata is part of the brainstem and is
responsible for autonomic functions, including regulating heart rate,
blood pressure, and breathing.
,Question 3:
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A) Immune defense
B) Oxygen transport
C) Blood clotting
D) Nutrient absorption
Answer: B) Oxygen transport
Rationale: Red blood cells (RBCs) are responsible for transporting
oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carrying carbon dioxide from
the tissues back to the lungs for exhalation.
Question 4:
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the conduction
pathway of the heart?
A) SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers
B) AV node → SA node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers
C) Bundle of His → SA node → AV node → Purkinje fibers
D) Purkinje fibers → SA node → AV node → Bundle of His
Answer: A) SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers
Rationale: The conduction pathway begins at the sinoatrial (SA) node,
then moves to the atrioventricular (AV) node, the Bundle of His, and
finally the Purkinje fibers, which stimulate ventricular contraction.
Question 5:
,Which of the following types of muscle tissue is under voluntary
control?
A) Cardiac
B) Smooth
C) Skeletal
D) None of the above
Answer: C) Skeletal
Rationale: Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control, meaning it can be
consciously controlled. It is attached to bones and allows for
movement.
Question 6:
Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?
A) Regulates metabolism
B) Transports oxygen to tissues
C) Defends against infections
D) Produces hormones
Answer: C) Defends against infections
Rationale: The lymphatic system is part of the immune system and
helps defend the body against infections. It transports lymph, a fluid
that contains immune cells, and filters it through lymph nodes.
Question 7:
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the fight-or-flight
response?
, A) Insulin
B) Estrogen
C) Epinephrine
D) Progesterone
Answer: C) Epinephrine
Rationale: Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is released by the
adrenal glands during stress and initiates the fight-or-flight response,
increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and energy availability.
Question 8:
What is the main function of the kidneys in the urinary system?
A) Filtration of blood
B) Production of hormones
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Digestion of food
Answer: A) Filtration of blood
Rationale: The kidneys filter waste products, excess substances, and
toxins from the blood to form urine. They also help regulate electrolyte
balance and blood pressure.
Question 9:
Which of the following structures is involved in the absorption of
nutrients in the digestive system?
A) Stomach
B) Large intestine
