APUSH Test: Periods 1-9 Review Questions and Verified Answers | Passed | A+

Compare & contrast North American tribes with Central & South American tribes in terms of area, population, political structure & culture : N.A. -less sophisticated than C & SA tribes bc of how slowly the cultivation of maize spread northward from Mexico -smaller than those in C & S.A. Central & South American -Aztec's capital (Tenochtitlan) equivalent to Europe's largest cities -Mayas and Aztecs grew maize -Incas grew potatoes -highly organized -carried extensive trade -created calendars based on accurate measurements How did corn/maize cultivation impact the development of indigenous cultures in Central, South, and North America? 2 : excess corn empowered people to specialize in other fields rather than grow agriculture What two characteristics are common to nomadic cultures & in what part of North America were nomadic cultures present? : -hunting and gathering -nomadic tribes present in SW, Great Basin, and Great Plains When were horses introduced to Native American cultures & what impact did horses have on Native Americans ways of life? : -introduced by conquistadors -made Native American lives easier by allowing them to follow buffalo easier Explain three impacts of the slave trade on the Western Hemisphere : -dependency on slave labor increased, rather than relying on indentured servants -Europeans established more sugar plantations in the Caribbean bc using slaves was so profitable -Indian population replaced by African slaves 3 What countries were involved in the Treaty of Tordesillas & what did each country get as a result of this treaty? : -Imaginary line that divided North and South America for Portugal and Spain -Spain got lands west of the line -Portugal got lands east of the line, including Brazil Who were the conquistadores, what did they do, & how did they impact Spain's economic status? : -Spanish forces that conquered native American tribes -Improved Spain's economy by increasing its gold supply What continents make up the Western Hemisphere & what European countries explored which ares of each continent? : -North America and South America -Spain: North and South America -Portugal: South American -France: North America -England: North America -Dutch: North America 4 What was the main cause of the Pueblo Revolt & what was the end result? : -Indians unhappy due to harsh efforts by the Spanish to Christianize the Indians -First successful Indian revolt, but only for 12 years Who was Bartolome de Las Casas & how was his perspective on the Native Americans different from most Europeans? : -Spanish priest -Advocated for better treatment of Indians -Tried to pass New Laws of 1542 for better Indian treatment but failed bc of conservative Spaniards in favor of the encomienda system Describe three key factors that led to the European push for exploration. : -Advanced technology -Desire to spread religion