pharm exam 2 test bank Accurately Answered

When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics? a. Tetracyclines b. Sulfonamides c. Cephalosporins d. Quinolones - ANSWERSc The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking an oral tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. "Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication." b. "Milk and cheese products result in increased levels of tetracycline." c. "Antacids taken with the medication help to reduce gastrointestinal distress." d. "Take the medication until you are feeling better." - ANSWERSA When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs? a. The penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin. b. The penicillin will cause the anticoagulant effect of the warfarin to decrease. c. The warfarin will reduce the anti-infective action of the penicillin. d. The warfarin will increase the effectiveness of the penicillin. - ANSWERSA A patient is receiving his third intravenous dose of a penicillin drug. He calls the nurse to report that he is feeling "anxious" and is having trouble breathing. What will the nurse do first? a. Notify the prescriber. b. Take the patient's vital signs. c. Stop the antibiotic infusion. d. Check for allergies. - ANSWERSC A patient is admitted with a fever of 102.8° F (39.3° C), origin unknown. Assessment reveals cloudy, foul-smelling urine that is dark amber in color. Orders have just been written to obtain stat urine and blood cultures and to administer an antibiotic intravenously. The nurse will complete these orders in which sequence? a. Blood culture, antibiotic dose, urine culture b. Urine culture, antibiotic dose, blood culture c. Antibiotic dose, blood and urine cultures d. Blood and urine cultures, antibiotic dose - ANSWERSD During drug therapy with a tetracycline antibiotic, a patient complains of some nausea and decreased appetite. Which statement is the nurse's best advice to the patient? a. "Take it with cheese and crackers or yogurt." b. "Take each dose with a glass of milk." c. "Take an antacid with each dose as needed." d. "Drink a full glass of water with each dose." - ANSWERSD The nurse is monitoring a patient who has been on antibiotic therapy for 2 weeks. Today the patient tells the nurse that he has had watery diarrhea since the day before and is having abdominal cramps. His oral temperature is 101° F (38.3° C). Based on these findings, which conclusion will the nurse draw? a. The patient's original infection has not responded to the antibiotic therapy. b. The patient is showing typical adverse effects of antibiotic therapy. c. The patient needs to be tested for Clostridium difficile infection. d. The patient will need to take a different antibiotic. - ANSWERSC The nurse is monitoring for therapeutic results of antibiotic therapy in a patient with an infection. Which laboratory value would indicate therapeutic effectiveness of this therapy? a. Increased red blood cell count b. Increased hemoglobin level c. Decreased white blood cell count d. Decreased platelet count - ANSWERSC The nurse is reviewing the sputum culture results of a patient with pneumonia and notes that the patient has a gram-positive infection. Which generation of cephalosporin is most appropriate for this type of infection? a. First generation b. Second generation c. Third generation d. Fourth generation - ANSWERSA A patient will be having oral surgery and has received an antibiotic to take for 1 week before the surgery. The nurse knows that this is an example of which type of therapy? a. Empiric b. Prophylactic c. Definitive d. Resistance - ANSWERSB A patient has a urinary tract infection. The nurse knows that which class of drugs is especially useful for such infections? a. Macrolides b. Carbapenems c. Sulfonamides d. Tetracyclines - ANSWERSC During drug therapy for pneumonia, a female patient develops a vaginal superinfection. The nurse explains that this infection is caused by: a. large doses of antibiotics that kill normal flora. b. the infection spreading from her lungs to the new site of infection. c. resistance of the pneumonia-causing bacteria to the drugs. d. an allergic reaction to the antibiotics. - ANSWERSA The nurse is preparing to use an antiseptic. Which statement is correct regarding how antiseptics differ from disinfectants? a. Antiseptics are used to sterilize surgical equipment. b. Disinfectants are used as preoperative skin preparation. c. Antiseptics are used only on living tissue to kill microorganisms. d. Disinfectants are used only on nonliving objects to destroy organisms. - ANSWERSD A patient with a long-term intravenous catheter is going home. The nurse knows that if he is allergic to seafood, which antiseptic agent is contraindicated? a. Chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens) b. Hydrogen peroxide c. Povidone-iodine (Betadine) d. Isopropyl alcohol - ANSWERSC During antibiotic therapy, the nurse will monitor closely for signs and symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction. Which of these assessment findings may be an indication of a hypersensitivity reaction? (Select all that apply.) a. Wheezing b. Diarrhea c. Shortness of breath d. Swelling of the tongue e. Itching f. Black, hairy tongue - ANSWERSA,C,D,E The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a patient who will be taking a sulfonamide antibiotic. During sulfonamide therapy, a significant drug interaction may occur with which of these drugs or drug classes? (Select all that apply.) a. Opioids b. Oral contraceptives c. Sulfonylureas d. Antihistamines e. Phenytoin (Dilantin) f. Warfarin (Coumadin) - ANSWERSB,C,E,F When a patient is on aminoglycoside therapy, the nurse will monitor the patient for which indicators of potential toxicity? a. Fever b. White blood cell count of 8000 cells/mm3 c. Tinnitus and dizziness d. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels - ANSWERSC The nurse is administering a vancomycin (Vancocin) infusion. Which measure is appropriate for the nurse to implement in order to reduce complications that may occur with this drug's administration? a. Monitoring blood pressure for hypertension during the infusion b. Discontinuing the drug immediately if red man syndrome occurs c. Restricting fluids during vancomycin therapy d. Infusing the drug over at least 1 hour - ANSWERSD Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient who has started aminoglycoside therapy? a. Constipation b. Risk for injury (renal damage) c. Disturbed body image related to gynecomastia d. Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements, related to nausea - ANSWERSB A patient who has been hospitalized for 2 weeks has developed a pressure ulcer that contains multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which drug would the nurse expect to be chosen for therapy? a. Metronidazole (Flagyl) b. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) c. Vancomycin (Vancocin) d. Tobramycin (Nebcin) - ANSWERSC A patient is receiving aminoglycoside therapy and will be receiving a beta-lactam antibiotic as well. The patient asks why two antibiotics have been ordered. What is the nurse's best response? a. "The combined effect of both antibiotics is greater than each of them alone." b. "One antibiotic is not strong enough to fight the infection." c. "We have not yet isolated the bacteria, so the two antibiotics are given to cover a wide range of microorganisms." d. "We can give a reduced amount of each one if we give them together." - ANSWERSA The nurse is reviewing the medication orders for a patient who will be receiving gentamicin therapy. Which other medication or medication class, if ordered, would be a potential interaction concern? a. Calcium channel blockers b. Phenytoin c. Proton pump inhibitors d. Loop diuretics - ANSWERSD The nurse checks the patient's laboratory work prior to administering a dose of vancomycin (Vancocin) and finds that the trough vancomycin level is 24 mcg/mL. What will the nurse do next? a. Administer the vancomycin as ordered. b. Hold the drug, and administer 4 hours later. c. Hold the drug, and notify the prescriber. d. Repeat the test to verify results. - ANSWERSC A patient has been diagnosed with carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). The nurse expects to see orders for which drug? a. Dapsone (Cubicin), a miscellaneous antibiotic b. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), a quinolone c. Linezolid (Zyvox), an oxazolidinone d. Colistimethate sodium (Coly-Mycin), a polypeptide antibiotic - ANSWERSD A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs? a. Neuralgia b. Double vision c. Hypotension d. Tendonitis and tendon rupture - ANSWERSD he nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) to a patient who has had gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitoring serum creatinine levels b. Restricting fluids while the patient is on this medication c. Warning the patient that a flushed feeling or facial itching may occur d. Instructing the patient to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears e. Reporting a trough drug level of 11 mcg/mL and holding the drug f. Reporting a trough drug level of 24 mcg/mL and holding the drug - ANSWERSA,C,D,F A patient will be receiving nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) treatment for a urinary tract infection. The nurse is reviewing the patient's history and will question the nitrofurantoin order if which disorder is present in the history? (Select all that apply.) a. Liver disease b. Coronary artery disease c. Hyperthyroidism d. Type 1 diabetes mellitus e. Chronic renal disease - ANSWERSA,E A patient who is diagnosed with shingles is taking topical acyclovir, and the nurse is providing instructions about adverse effects. The nurse will discuss which adverse effects of topical acyclovir therapy? a. Insomnia and nervousness b. Temporary swelling and rash c. Burning when applied d. This medication has no adverse effects. - ANSWERSC A patient who has undergone a lung transplant has contracted cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. The nurse expects which drug to be ordered for this patient? a. Acyclovir (Zovirax) b. Ganciclovir (Cytovene) c. Ribavirin (Virazole) d. Amantadine (Symmetrel) - ANSWERSB An infant has been hospitalized with a severe lung infection caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and will be receiving medication via the inhalation route. The nurse expects which drug to be used? a. Acyclovir (Zovirax) b. Ganciclovir (Cytovene) c.