PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK BACK OF BOOK ADVANCED TEST

A patient is scheduled for colorectal surgery tomorrow. His WBC count is normal, he has no fever, and he is otherwise in good health. However, there is an order to administer an antibiotic on call just before he goes to surgery. The nurse knows that the rationale for this antibiotic order is which of these? a) To provide empiric therapy b) To provide prophylactic therapy c) To treat for a superinfection d) To reduce the number of resistant organisms - ANSWERSb) To provide prophylactic therapy A teenage patient is taking a tetracycline drug as part of treatment for severe acne. When the nurse teaches this patient about drug-related precautions, which is the most important information to convey? a) When the acne clears up, the medication may be discontinued. b) This medication needs to be taken with antacids to reduce GI upset. c) The patient needs to use sunscreen or avoid exposure to sunlight, because this drug may cause photosensitivity. d) The teeth should be observed closely for signs of mottling or other color changes. - ANSWERSc) The patient needs to use sunscreen or avoid exposure to sunlight, because this drug may cause photosensitivity. A newly admitted patient reports a penicillin allergy. The prescriber has ordered a second-generation cephalosporin as part of the therapy. Which nursing action is appropriate? a) Call the prescriber to clarify the order because of the patient's allergy. b) Give the medication, and monitor for adverse effects. c) Ask the pharmacy to change the order to a first-generation cephalosporin. d) Administer the drug with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to reduce adverse effects. - ANSWERSa) Call the prescriber to clarify the order because of the patient's allergy. During patient education regarding an oral macrolide such as erythromycin, the nurse will include which information? a) If GI upset occurs, the drug will have to be stopped. b) The drug needs to be taken with an antacid to avoid GI problems. c) The patient needs to take each dose with a sip of water. d) The patient may take the drug with a small snack to reduce GI irritation. e) Use another form of birth control if patient is taking oral contraceptives. - ANSWERSd) The patient may take the drug with a small snack to reduce GI irritation. e) Use another form of birth control if patient is taking oral contraceptives. A woman who has been taking an antibiotic for a UTI calls the nurse practitioner to complain of severe vaginal itching. She has also noticed a thick, whitish vaginal discharge. The nurse practitioner suspects which of these? a) This is an expected response to antibiotic therapy b) The UTI has become worse instead of better c) A superinfection has developed d) The UTI is resistant to the antibiotic - ANSWERSc) A superinfection has developed The nurse is reviewing the orders for wound care, which include use of an antiseptic. Which statements best describe the use of antiseptics? (Select all that apply) a) Antiseptics are appropriate for use on living tissue b) Antiseptics work by sterilizing the surface of the wound. c) Antiseptics are applied to nonliving objects to kill microorganisms. d) The patient's allergies must be assessed before using the antiseptic e) Antiseptics are used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms on the wound surface - ANSWERSa) Antiseptics are appropriate for use on living tissue d) The patient's allergies must be assessed before using the antiseptic e) Antiseptics are used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms on the wound surface The order for a patient reads: "Give ampicillin via PEG tube, 500 mg every 6 hours." The oral suspension has 250 mg/5 ml. How many milliliters will the nurse give for each dose? - ANSWERS10ml The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient who has been admitted for treatment of pneumonia. The antibiotic orders include an order for doxycycline. However when the patient is asked about his allergies, he lists "doxycycline" as one of his allergies. What is the nurse's first action at this time? a) Call the prescriber to clarify the order because of the patient's allergy b) Ask the patient to explain what happened when he had the allergic reaction c) Ask the pharmacy to order a different antibiotic d) Administer the drug with an antihistamine to reduce adverse effects - ANSWERSb) Ask the patient to explain what happened when he had the allergic reaction Which of the following are serious hematologic side effects of the antiprotozoal drug atovaquone? a) Thrombocytopenia b) anemia c) hypoglycemia d) leukopenia e) neutropenia - ANSWERSb) anemia d) leukopenia e) neutropenia