APUSH Final Exam Review Questions and Answers with complete solution

Massachusetts Bay Colony - Established in 1629 by the Puritans. Governor John Winthrop called it a "city upon a hill." Established for religious purposes. Puritans - Religious dissidents who traveled to the New World to develop a purer church than the Church of England. Indentured Servents - Exchanged work for passage to the New World. London Company - Permitted by King James I to establish Jamestown for economic reasons. Powhatan Confederacy - Native American alliance who had early conflict with the Jamestown settlers. Eventually, they developed a trade alliance and provided the colonists with corn. Pocahontas married John Rolfe to ensure future peace. House of Burgesses - Created in 1619 by the Virginia colony. First representative government in any British colony. William Bradford - Leader of the Seperatist pilgrims who landed on Plymouth Rock. Mayflower Compact - 1620. Provided the pilgrims with a representative government once they reached land. Roger Williams - Preached separation of church and state, and argued that Mass. Bay Colony was too similar to the Church of England. He was exiled for spreading dissent and went to Rhode Island. Thomas Hooker/John Davenport - Founded the colony of Connecticut. Hooker had been forced out of Mass. Bay Colony.Anne Hutchinson - Exiled from Mass. Bay Colony for claiming personal revelations with God. Established Portsmouth. George Calvert - Settled Maryland in 1632 as a refuge for English Catholics. Mercantilism - Economic theory: state must be as self-sufficient as possible, export more than input, government regulation of commerce, colonies, tariffs, monopolies. Navigation Acts - Passed in 1660. Forced colonies to trade solely with Great Britain, increased tensions. Triangular Trade Route - Slaves taken from Africa and brought to the colonies, raw materials from colonies went to Britain, finished products sold back to the colonies. Middle Passage - African slave route in which many died from horrible conditions. Salem Witch Trials - Hysteria in Salem, Mass. over alleged witches. Many executed on false claims. Salutary Neglect - British policy of relaxing enforcement of trade regulations in the colonies. Dominion of New England - Revoked the charters of many colonies and placed control under Edmund Andros, the governor.