Ch 3 The Human body in Health and Disease II Updated Questions with the Correct Answers 100% A+ Graded

Ch 3 The Human body in Health and Disease II Updated Questions with the Correct Answers 100% A+ Graded Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER -The gel -like substance of a cell exclusive of the nucleus and other organelles. Plasma - CORRECT ANSWER -___________ Membrane that separates the contents of a cell from the tissue fluid; enclose the cytoplasm and forms the outer boundary of the cell. Organelle - CORRECT ANSWER -Intercell organ; for example, the ribosome Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER -Spherical structure within a cell; a group of neuron cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord; central core of the atom, made up of protons and (sometimes) neutrons. Plasma membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER -What are the three main parts of a cell? Phospholipid - CORRECT ANSWER -Phosphate -containing fat molecule. Cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER -Cell's internal supporting, moving framework Ribosome - CORRECT ANSWER -Organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that synthesizes proteins; also known as a protein factory Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - CORRECT ANSWER -Network of tubules and vesicles in cytoplasm; two types rough and smooth. Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER -Small sacs stacked on one another near the nucleus that make carbohydrate compounds, combine them with protein molecules, Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER -Threadlike structures ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - CORRECT ANSWER -Molecule similar to adenosine triphosphate but containing only two phosphate groups. Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER -Membranous organelles Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWER -Programmed cell death by means of several biochemical process built into each cell; _______ clears space for newer cells, as in early embryonic development or in tissue repair. Centrosome - CORRECT ANSWER -Area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus that coordinates the building and breaking up of microtubules in the cell. Centriole - CORRECT ANSWER -One of a pair of tiny cylinders in t he centrosome of a cell; believed to be involved with the spindle fibers formed during mitosis. Microvilli - CORRECT ANSWER -Brushlike border made up of epithelial cells found on each villus in the small intestine and other areas of the body; increases the surface area (as for absorption of nutrients) Cilia - CORRECT ANSWER -Tiny, hair like projections of cells that detect changes outside the cell; some ____ can move, propelling mucus along a surface. Flagellum - CORRECT ANSWER -Single projection extending from the cell surface; only example in humans is the "tail" of the male sperm. Nuclear envelope - CORRECT ANSWER -The boundary of a cell's nucleus, made up of a double layer of cellular membrane. Nucleoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER -A special type of cytoplasm found in the nucleus. Chromatin granules - CORRECT ANSWER -Deep -staining, grainy -appearing substance in the nucleus of the cells; condenses into distinct chromosomes during cell division. Nucleolus - CORRECT ANSWER -Intercellular structure critical to protein formation because it "programs" the formation of ribosomes in the ________. Chromatin - CORRECT ANSWER -_________ is a complex of macromolecules found in cells, consisting of DNA, protein and RNA. Chromosome - CORRECT ANSWER -DNA molecule that has coiled to form a compact mass during mitosis or meiosis; each _________ is composed of regions called gens, each of which transmits hereditary information.