Final Exam: NUR201 / NUR 201 (Latest 2024 / 2025 Update) Medical-Surgical Nursing I | Questions and Verified Answers 100% Correct | Grade A - Fortis

Final Exam: NUR201 / NUR 201 (Latest 2024 / 2025 Update) Medical-Surgical Nursing I | Questions and Verified Answers 100% Correct | Grade A - Fortis Question: Antifungals Answer: always check LFT's with type of medications? Question: Test prior to SX Answer: o ABG's o Pulse Ox o Blood Urea nitrogen o Creatinine o Chest x-ray o CBC: RBC, HgB, HcT, WBC's o Electrocardiogram o Electrolytes o hCG o LFT's o PT, PTT, INR, Platelet count o Pulmonary Function Test o Serum Albumin o Type and Crossmatch o Urinalysis o Test or culture for communicable diseases Question: Fluid Volume Deficit Answer: S/S: · Decreased cap refill · Confusion · Restlessness · Drowsiness · Lethargy · Cold clammy skin · Postural hypotension · Increased pulse · Decreased CVP · Increased RR · Seizures · Coma · Thirst · Dry Question: Fluid Volume Deficit Answer: occurs with abnormal body fluid loss Question: Hypokalemia Answer: S/S: Bilat muscle weakness decreased bowel sounds lethargy dysrhythmias bradypnea (Slow shallow breathing) Inverted T-waves limp muscles leg cramps low BP Question: Hypokalemia Answer: Meds: furosemide, laxatives, steroids inadequate consumption too much water intake Cushing's heavy fluid loss (NG tube, N/V) these are causes of? Question: TX of hypokalemia Answer: oral K+ supplement potassium sparing diuretics IV K+ (never push, always dilute, assess site, pump no more than 20 mEq/hr) Question: What is the priority intervention of a patient with either hypo / hyperkalemia Answer: Cardiac monitor (tele) Question: Hyperkalemia Answer: ▪ S/S: tight and contracted Muscle cramps and weakness (quadricep) abd cramps irritability diarrhea bradycardia Urine output decreased Resp distress Decreased cardiac contractility (dec HR and BP) ECG changes - tall T waves, wide QRS, Prolong PR Reflexes - inc DTR Question: Hyperkalemia Answer: ● Cellular movement - burns ● Adrenal insufficiency ● Renal failure ● Excessive K+ intake ● Drugs - spironolactone, ACEI, NSAIDs are all causes of Question: Tx of hyperkalemia Answer: Insulin and dextrose IV monitor EKG ● DC IV or PO K+ ● restrict K+ in diet ● diuretics - loop ● dialysis ● IV calcium gluconate and sodium bicarb ● avoid salt substitutes Question: hypernatremia Answer: LOC ● Flushed skin, fever ● Restless, irritable, confused, anxious ● Increased BP, fluid retention ● Edema ● Decreased UO, dry mouth ● Skin flushed/ seizures ● Agitation ● Low grade fever ● Thirst Question: Causes of hypernatremia Answer: Meds / meals ● Osmotic diuretics ● Diabetes insipidus ● Excessive H2O loss - diarrhea, fever, diuretic ● Low H2O intake Question: TX of hypernatremia Answer: ● isotonic for FVD - NS,. LR ● Diuretic to promote excretion ● restrict sodium in diet ● seizure precautions