IB HL Global Politics Theories + Theorists Exam Questions with Correct Answers

Paul Collier and Anke Hoeffler - ANSWER-Supports Greed in Greed vs Grievance Theory Johan Galtung - ANSWER-GPS thinker most closely associated with the concepts of structural, cultural & direct violence. Negative/Positive Peace Immanuel Kant - ANSWER-Ideas turn into Democratic Peace Theory. Mohandas Gandhi - ANSWER-While leading nationwide campaigns to ease poverty, expand women's rights, build religious and ethnic harmony and eliminate the injustices of the caste system, Gandhi supremely applied the principles of nonviolent civil disobedience to free India from foreign domination. Dalai Lama - ANSWER-Advocates non-violence, believes in universal humanitarianism and in the individual's responsibility to uphold it. John Paul Lederach - ANSWER-Democratic Peace Theory, "Change comes only through ensuring people are represented." Advocates long term grassroots work. Steven Pinker - ANSWER-Violence in human societies has steadily declined with time. Oscar Arias Sanchez (Pres of Costa Rica) - ANSWER-Developed a peace plan, calling for each country to limit the size of their armies, assure freedom of the press, and hold free and open elections. Stefan Wolff - ANSWER-Consociationalism, Power sharing between stakeholders of diverse societies by allocating collective rights. Direct Violence - ANSWER-The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against a person group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, or deprivation structural violence - ANSWER-Physical and/or psychological harm caused by impersonal, exploitative, and unjust social, political, and economic systems Cultural violence - ANSWER-refers to aspects of culture that can be used to justify or legitimize direct or structural violence such as religion, ideology, or culture