Building Codes Test 1 with correct answers 2024.

Building - answer-any structure usually enclosed by walls and a roof used or intended for supporting, sheltering, enclosing, or housing and use or occupancy, including persons, animals, property of any kind. - includes private (not open to public) and public buildings. Building Codes - answer-regulations that stress the construction of a building and the hazardous materials or equipment used inside Principle Purpose - answer--to protect the health, safety, and welfare. -the more you know the better designer you will. 2 main code organizations today - answer-ICC & NFPA ICC - answer-International Code Council -many of the I-Codes (International Codes) are used throughout the U.S. and other countries NFPA - answer-National Fire Protection Association -many of the new C3-Codes (Comprehensive Consensus Codes) have not been widely adopted. I-Codes (ICC) - answer-organized using the Common Code Format -chapters that address specific requirements for each building type identified by various aspects of a building. C3-Codes (NFPA) - answer-organized using the Manual Style -several key chapters at the beginning and the end of the code and the rest is divided by occupancy type. Jurisdictions - answer-codes are a set of regulations, ordinances, and other statutory requirements put together by various organizations -- choose which codes they will follow and enforce -- once codes are adopted they become LAW in that jurisdiction. INTENT INTENT INTENT - answer--ask WHY not WHAT. -visualize the problem that the code was addressing -learning code will come with practice and experience and is important for success as designer. Communication of Intent - answer-construction documents serve to communicate design intentions in a COMPLETE manner. 2 Common Bid Types - answer--Negotiated Bid Situation -Competitive Bid Situation Contract Documents Overview - answer--Agreement between owner and contractor in writing -Conditions of the Contract -Construction Documents -Modifications Construction Documents - answer--form the basis for legal contracts -the legally binding element between the client and the contractor Content and Order (Residential) - answer--title page, general info -codes review -site plan -foundation plan and details -architectural floor plans -exterior elevations -sections -details and interiors elevations -interiors Content and Order (Commercial) - answer--title page -codes page -C-site work (civil) -A- architectural and interior design -S- structural -M- mechanical -E- electrical -P- plumbing -I- interiors Occupancy Classification - answer-of a building or space is determined by the way the building is going to be used Occupancy Load - answer-number of the people that is assumed to safely occupy a space or building. 3 factors to determine occupancy load - answer--type of activity occurring within a space -the expected number of occupants -whether any unusual hazards or risks are present Occupancy is considered new when.... - answer--the occupancy is in a newly constructed building -the occupancy is relocated to an existing building -" " in a new addition to an existing building -" " is remaining in the same building but changing its size or use to a different subclassification (ex: restaurant changing into night club) Incidental Accessory Occupancy - answer--laundry room -boiler room -industrial kitchen in a hotel -spaces with potential hazardous items or machinery -spaces too small for there to be a need to classify under. Accessory Occupancy - answer--small office -certain storage spaces Mixed Occupancy - answer-occupancies occur within the same space, are connected and are relatively the same size are considered mixed. Separated - answer-if fire separations exists, the two spaces can each be designed according to their own occupancy. Non-Separated - answer-if no fire separations exists, the two spaces (occupancies)must adhere to codes for whichever space has the most stringent occupancy classification Building Elements - answer-elements in a building that do not support the building structurally, but must still be considered when thinking about construction type designation -ex: floor/ceiling systems non-load bearing partitions vertical shafts (connections from floor to floor) Structural Elements - answer-elements that support the weight of the building such as: columns beams loading bearing walls (bearing walls) Non- combustible - answer-materials that will not ignite or burn when subjected to open flame steel concrete masonry combustible - answer-materials that will ignite and continue to burn when the flame source is removed untreated wood interior wood used for doors, trim, casewrk Unprotected - answer-no additional treatment is required to be added to the natural fire-resistant characteristics of the structural systems protected - answer-the element is sprayed in the material that improves it's fire resistance Contruction types - answer-TYPE 1 (most fire restrictive) TYPE V (least fire restrictive) TYPE 1 and TYPE 11 - answer-non-combustible TYPE 111 - answer-mix of combustible and non-combustible TYPE IV and TYPE V - answer-combustible, still fire resistant Deflection - answer-the perpendicular distance a floor moves from its true course Structural system - answer-supports the building -transfers gravity -lateral loads Building envelope - answer--controls energy flow -provides lateral support from dynamic loads -meets aesthetic finish requirements Mechanical System - answer--plumbing -HVAC -electrical -fire sprinkle systems vertical transports systems Spread Foundation - answer-common in light frame construction - takes load from a linear source isolated foundations - answer-second type of strip foundation - meaning it takes load from and isolated Lowest piece of the foundation - answer-footing mat footing - answer-footing that is a single, thick, monolithic concrete slab - used in commercial construction Foundation Wall - answer-carries load from the superstructure above to the earth. but is also in a great deal of pressure from the earth Lightframe Foundations - answer-3 types on ground space ent wall control joint (joints in a concrete floor slab) - answer-a deliberate joint club into concrete to allow it to crack underneath expansion joint (joints in a concrete floor slab) - answer-a joint cut, filled with some type of flexible material to allow for movement between different parts (brides) Foundation wall materials (Lightframe Construction) - -cast d-in-place forms 3.CMU Foundation Reinforcement - answer-designed to carry loads from the structure above to the ground below - 6-8" thick (thicker for commercial) - must be reinforced with vertical and horizontal rebar Foundation Dimensions - answer-Walls/Footing relationship -double the foundation wall thickness to get the footing thickness Moisture Issues (Foundation Walls) - answer--drain tile used to carry water away from the foundation -helps to resist hydrostatic pressure -additional damp-proofing is necessary Foundation systems - answer-connection to the system above Floor systems - answer-specific pieces will come from Light Frame construction Floor joists - answer-evenly spaced, convered by a subfloor, NOT SAME AS BEAMS spacing generally 16"-24" cn go down to 12" for heavy loads/long spans 3 materials used for floor systems - answer-concrete steel wood one way slab (concrete floor system) - answer-reinforced in just one direction concrete beams cast with the slab two way slab and beam (concrete floor systems) - answer-reinforced in two directions, and cast with beams in two directions precast concrete-open cell floor system (concrete floor systems) - answer--can be used with a number of support systems -cells provide place for systems to run through -topping slab poured for smooth subfloor open web metal joists (concrete and metal) - answer-metal decking is tack-welded to top chord of truss as a place for concrete subfloor to be poured Poured concrete walls - answer-concrete form with vertical and horizontal rebar-the ties between the forms will stay Poured concrete finishes - answer-exposed aggregate board formed bush hammered ribbed surface - ush hammered -imprint from forms CMU (walls) - answer-concrete blocks - steel reinforcements Dimensional Lumber for interior walls - answer-2x4s Dimensional Lumber for exterior/[umbling - answer-2x6s Gypsum board - answer-specifically made for use in areas where moisture is going to be an issue (bathroom, behind sink) flat roof - answer-NOT FLAT. should slope 1/4 per foot for drainage flat roof drainage - answer-happen off a side gutter - scupper or into an internal roof drain scupper - answer-outlet in the side of a building for draining water roof drain - answer-carries water away through drain pipes that come through the building wood truss (roof systems) - answer-can accommodate a variety of ceiling shapes, but that must be decided before they are created rafter system (roof system) - answer--less flexibility than a truss system (less ceiling shape options) -very common is residential rafter-ridge beam (roof system) - answer--the peak of the roof -rafters are nailed to the ridge beam soffits (roof systems) - answer-underside of the exterior overhead of a roof system roof elements - answer-gable roof hip roof dormers (roof system) - answer-little roofs on top if big roof A-1 - answer-Theaters B - answer-Business E - answer-Educational F-1 - answer-Factory industrial Moderate hazard F-2 - answer-Factory industrial Low hazard I-4 - answer-Institutional -daycare 1-2 - answer-Institutional -medical care M - answer-Mercantile R-3 - answer-Residential - one and two dwelling units R-4 - answer-Residential- care and assisted living