Chapter 4 Wildland Fire behavior 4th edition Firefighters handbook on wildland All Possible Questions and Answers with complete

What are the 18 primary factors that influence how a wildland fire will burn? - Answer-1. Fuel: Fuel loading, size and shape, compactness, horizontal continuity, vertical continuity, chemical content, fuel moisture, fuel temperature 2. Weather: Temp, RH, Atmospheric stability, Wind speed and direction, Precipitation. 3. Topography: Elevation, position on slope, aspect, shape of terrain, steepness of slope. What is the most variable component of the fire environment? - Answer-Weather What are the most important topographic factors? - Answer-1. Slope 2. Aspect What are the most important fuel components? - Answer-1. Moisture 2. Temperature Combustion occurs at what temp in wildland fires? - Answer-500 degrees. What are the primary factors that affect ignition of wildland fuels? - Answer-1. Size/shape of fuels 2. Compactness/arrangement of fuels 3. Fuel moisture content 4. Fuel Temp. What are the 4 forces firebrands are moved by? - Answer-1. Popping (mechanical event, moisture in wood heated=steam explosion) 2. Convection 3. Winds4. Gravity What is fireline intensity? - Answer-The amount of heat released per foot of fire front per second. Vertical dimension is controlled by three factors? - Answer-1. Fire Intensity 2. Stability of air 3. Winds aloft What are the 7 factors that may predict extreme fire behavior? - Answer-1. Fuel characteristics 2. Fuel moisture 3. Fuel temperature 4. Topography/aspect 5. Wind 6. Atmospheric Stability 7. Fire behavior Terrain indicators that warn changes in fire behavior? - Answer-1. Steep slopes 2. Box canyons/chutes 3. Saddles 4. Narrow Canyons Leaning Smoke Column: - Answer-1. Wind driven fire 2. Rapid rate of spread 3. Short range spotting Sheared smoke column: - Answer-1. Smoke rises straight up. 2. Column sheared of by strong winds above. 3. Long range spotting 4. Strong winds can surfaceWell developed column: - Answer-1. Intense burn conditions. 2. Unpredictable fire spread in all directions 3. Look for capped tops 4. Strong downburst potential. Changing Smoke column: - Answer-Column changes and rotates. Collapsing smoke column: - Answer-Downdraft winds can cause fire to run in all directions.