Hopkins GEOG 1111 Final Exam(Unit 5) Questions And Answers Rated A+ New Update Assured Satisfaction

soil - Answer-the fine material covering the Earth's surface composed of both mineral & organic material; dirt vs. soil - Answer-dirt is soil without the organic material weathering - Answer-provides the raw (parent) materials for soil formation and development The processes by which rocks are chemically altered or physically broken into fragments as a result of exposure to atmospheric agents and the pressures & temperatures at or near the Earth's surface, with little or no transportation of the loosened or altered materials. 2 types of weathering - Answer-mechanical (physical) and chemical mechanical (physical) weathering - Answer-the breakdown or disintegration of rocks into smaller fragments by physical processes no chemical alteration chemical weathering - Answer-the breakdown or disintegration of rocks into smaller fragments through chemical alteration dissolving of the rock regolith - Answer-by-products of weathering the partially weathered rock below the surface which overalls the bedrock may in time become parent material, soil, or exposed at the surfaceparent material - Answer-by-products of weathering regolith unconsolidated material, from organic and mineral sources, that is the basis of soil development/formation soil characteristics - Answer-soil profile soil horizon soil properties soil profile - Answer-soil characteristics the array of soil layers; their sequence from the top (surface) to the bottom (bedrock) soil horizon - Answer-soil characteristics a distinct layer of soil within the soil profile soil properties - Answer-color structure porosity texture (clay, sand, silt)consistence (cohesion) moisture increase heat (T) - Answer-increase respiration soil formation - Answer-an ongoing process of a renewable resource but non an inexhaustible resource components of soil - Answer-minerals organic matter water air minerals - Answer-components of soil elements or compounds within a crystalline structure the building blocks of rocks found in all soils organic matter - Answer-components of soil that part originally from living matterdecaying matter of plants, animals, and their waste products water - Answer-components of soil fills pore spaces in the soil, or forms a thin film around particles air - Answer-components of soil fills pore spaces when water isn't there factors involved in soil formation - Answer-parent meterial (residual/transported) climate biological agents topography time parent material - Answer-factors involved in soil formation the type of rock and minerals the soil was formed from residual soil transported soil residual soil - Answer-factors involved in soil formationparent material made from underlying rock transported soil - Answer-factors involved in soil formation parent material made from material not found in underlying rock; transported by rivers, glaciers, wind, etc climate - Answer-factors involved in soil formation if T and precipitation (moisture) differ, will yield different souls even from same parent material biological agents - Answer-factors involved in soil formation decomposers, microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, typer of humus humus - Answer-organic matter topography - Answer-factors involved in soil formation flat vs. steep slopes; windward/leeward slopes; sun exposure time - Answer-factors involved in soil formation for a given place, more time means more complete development and increased thickness of soldevelopment processes of soil horizons - Answer-addition transformation depletion translocaiton