Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition By Edward J. Tarbuck, Complete All Chapters 1- 14, Newest Version.

Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition By Edward J. Tarbuck, Complete All Chapters 1- 14, Newest Version. Chapter 1 Introduction to Earth Science 1) What are the basic differences between the disciplines of physical and historical geology? A) Physical geology is the study of fossils and sequences of rock strata; historical geology is the study of how rocks and minerals were used in the past. B) Historical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the geologic time scale as a reference; physical geology includes the study of how rocks form and of how erosion shapes the land surface. C) Physical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and deposition in relation to plate movements in the geologic past; historical geology charts how and where the plates were moving in the past. D) none of the above—physical geology and historical geology are essentially the same. Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 2) The study of Earth's atmosphere is known as ________. A) astronomy B) oceanography C) meteorology D) cosmology Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 3) Which science is not used within the Earth sciences? A) Chemistry B) Physics C) Biology D) Mathematics E) None of the above; Earth Science makes use of all of these sciences. Answer: E Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 3 Apply 4) Oceanography is the study of the oceans and geology is the study of the earth, so what is meteorology? A) the study of meteors B) the study of the Sun's impact on the upper atmosphere C) the study of the atmosphere D) the study of how to be a TV newscaster Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 5) Sedimentary rocks with marine fossils are exposed at the top of Mt. Everest. Which scientists would make most use of this observation in their study? A) Meteorologists, because they could use the fossils as a guide to ancient climates B) Geologists, because their elevation is related to physical geology and fossils are related to Earth history C) Oceanographers, because the fossils can tell us about periods when the earth was covered with water to the height of Mt. Everest D) Astronomers, because they can study how life came from outer space to Earth Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 6) Hurricanes and tornados are natural disasters. What branch of the Earth sciences studies the origin of these phenomena? A) Meteorology B) Geology C) Oceanography D) Astronomy Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 7) Hurricanes are natural disasters. Which branch of the Earth sciences studies the impact of this phenomenon on coastal environments? A) Meteorology B) Geology C) Oceanography D) Astronomy Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 8) Tsunamis and earthquakes have killed millions of people during human history. What branch of the Earth sciences is the main group that studies these phenomena? A) Meteorology B) Geology C) Oceanography D) Astronomy Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 9) If you want to buy a house in an area and you are worried there may be an earthquake hazard, who would be the best person to ask for advice on this hazard? A) a civil engineer B) a geologist C) a physicist D) an astrologer Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 10) The earth is estimated to be approximately 4.6 billion years old. Life appeared early in the history of Earth, but metazoans (multicelled organisms) did not appear until about 600 million years ago. If the history of Earth were compressed into a single year, when would metazoans appear? A) late September B) late November Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition C) mid-December D) late January Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 4 Analyze 11) Which of the following would not typically be considered an Earth Science study? A) studies of volcanic eruptions B) studies of impact craters on the moon C) studies of acid mine waters and the bacteria that live in those waters D) chemical refining of petroleum Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand / 3 Apply Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition 12) Climate change is a well-known human problem and remains controversial despite widespread scientific agreement on the issue. Although most scientists are familiar with the issues, if you were a congressman and wanted an informed analysis of the problem, which of the following would be most likely to give you the most complete analysis? A) an astronomer B) a meteorologist with knowledge of oceanography C) a geologist with knowledge of astronomy D) a physicist Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 13) A ________ is a well-tested and widely accepted view that best explains certain scientific observations. A) hypothesis B) generalization C) law D) theory Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: 1.2 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 14) The primary goal of Earth Science is ________. A) to develop things that will benefit mankind B) to identify the patterns in nature and use that information to predict the future C) to locate resources Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition D) to protect the environment Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.2 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 15) All of the following are possible steps of scientific investigation except for ________. A) the collection of scientific facts through observation and measurement B) assumption of conclusions without prior experimentation or observation C) the development of one or more working hypotheses or models to explain facts D) development of observations and experiments to test the hypotheses Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.2 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloom's Taxonomy: 4 Analyze Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition EMAIL ME: For help with report, Assignment, Essay and thesis writing. 16) Which of the following is not necessary for a hypothesis to be accepted by the scientific community? A) It must be testable. B) It must predict something other than the observations it was based on. C) There must be alternative hypotheses proposed. D) It must be based on observations or facts. Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: 1.2 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 17) The ________ explains how our solar system probably formed from a giant cloud of gases and dispersed solid particles. A) protogalactic theory B) nebular theory C) extrastellar solar hypothesis D) planetary compression theory Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: 1.3 Early Evolution of Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 18) Which of the following is not a planet? A) Europa B) Venus C) Saturn D) Neptune Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 1.3 Early Evolution of Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 19) In the television series "Cosmos" the astronomer Carl Sagan used to say, "We are all made of star stuff." What did he mean by that? A) All of the chemical elements were formed during the big bang when the universe began, so we are like the stars. B) We all have to potential to be stars. C) All of the chemical elements in our solar system were forged in an ancient star that went supernova. D) The earth has incorporated large amounts of chemical material from the solar wind, so our bodies carry this material. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1.3 Early Evolution of Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 4 Analyze Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition 20) In the proto-solar system nebula, gravity pulled matter together to form larger bodies. As they collided, what happened to these bodies? A) Oblique collisions caused individual bodies to spin. B) The objects broke apart to form asteroids, much like a neutron colliding with a heavy atom produces fission. C) The objects temporarily broke apart and then reformed into large objects, cooling rapidly during the breakup period. D) Immense heat was released within the colliding bodies as gravitational potential energy was converted to heat. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: 1.3 Early Evolution of Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 21) Light elements like hydrogen and helium form a large percentage of the outer planets and Sun is made up primarily of hydrogen. Why are these elements nearly absent from the inner planets? A) The Sun captured all of the hydrogen during its formation. B) These light elements are blown away from the inner planets by the solar wind. C) It is a mystery that has never been solved by science. D) Hydrogen and helium have all been bound up by chemical reactions on the inner planets and are held in rock. Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: 1.3 Early Evolution of Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 2 Understand 22) Comets are made up primarily of ________. A) iron-nickel alloys Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition B) silicate minerals, like rocks on Earth C) frozen hydrogen D) frozen water, carbon dioxide, and methane Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: 1.3 Early Evolution of Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember Test Bank for Earth Science 14th Edition 23) The Oort cloud is ________. A) an unusual type of cloud formed when meteorites strike the earth B) another name for the inner solar system, just before the Sun became hot enough for nuclear fusion C) the outer solar system where planetesimals, rocky debris and comets orbit outside beyond the outer planets but cross into the inner solar system at times D) the asteroid belt Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1.3 Early Evolution of Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember 24) The ________ refers to the sum total of all life on Earth. A) hydrosphere B) atmosphere C) biosphere D) geosphere Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: 1.4 Earth's Spheres Bloom's Taxonomy: 1 Remember