Family Medicine EOR: Urology/Renal (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct | Graded A+

Family Medicine EOR: Urology/Renal (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct | Graded A+ What is balanitis? Inflammation of the glans penis (head of the penis). It is fairly common and affects approximately 3-11% of males during their lifetime. What is the most common cause of balanitis? The most common cause of balanitis is related to inadequate personal hygiene in uncircumcised males. Fungal infections are the most common identifiable etiology, with the majority of infections being caused by Candida albicans What are the symptoms of balanitis? Symptoms include redness, swelling, pain, itching, discharge, and white, shiny skin on the penis What is the diagnosis of balanitis? Diagnosis is often clinical based on symptoms and physical examination. Supporting tests may include swabs for culture or PCR to identify infections, blood glucose tests for underlying diabetes, and biopsy in persistent or suspicious cases. What is the treatment of balanitis? Proper hygiene with frequent washing and drying off the prepuce is an essential preventive measure. Topical antifungals, usually for one to three weeks is the treatment of choice for most patients What is another name for benign prostatic hyperplasia? BPH What is BPH? Disease of elderly men (average age is 60 to 65 years); prostate gradually enlarges, creating symptoms of urinary outflow obstruction What is the size of a normal prostate? 20 to 25 gm Where does BPH occur? Periurethrally (the tissue surround the urethra) (Note: prostate cancer occurs in the periphery of the gland) What are the symptoms? Obstructive-type symptoms: hesitancy, weak stream, nocturia, intermittency, UTI, urinary retention How is the diagnosis of BPH made? Diagnosis is based primarily on digital rectal examination (DRE) and symptoms; cystoscopy, transrectal ultrasonography, urodynamics, or other imaging studies may also be needed. What lab tests should be performed in the diagnosis of BPH? Urinalysis, PSA, BUN, CR What is the differential diagnosis of BPH?