NSG 550 - Diagnostic Reasoning
for Nurse Practitioners
Exam 2
Question:
A comprehensive test used to diagnose sleep disorders that records your
brain waves, the oxygen level in your blood, heart rate, and breathing, as well
as eye and leg movements during the study.
Answer:
Polysomnography
Question:
Indications for polysomnography
Answer:
-Sleep apnea
-Periodic limb movement disorder sometimes associated with restless legs
syndrome.
-Narcolepsy
-REM sleep behavior disorder. This sleep disorder involves acting out dreams
as you sleep.
,-Unusual behaviors during sleep.: walking, moving around a lot or rhythmic
movements.
-Unexplained chronic insomnia
Question:
Microscopic study - Acid fast bacilli smear (AFB smear)
Answer:
-diagnosis of tuberculosis
*diagnosis cannot be made with the smear
itself; TB cultures are required.
-productive cough, night sweats, fever, anorexia,
weight loss, hemoptysis or abnormal CXR.
-considered in immunocompromised patients.
Question:
Microscopic study - Blood Culture and Sensitivity
Answer:
Used to determine the presence of bacteria in the blood.
,Question:
Microscopic study - Bone marrow biopsy
Answer:
-used in the evaluation of patients with hematologic diseases, to evaluate
anemias, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia.
-To assess abnormal iron stores
-to diagnosis leukemia, myeloproliferative disorders, and plasma cell
dyscrasia.
Question:
Microscopic study - Fluid analysis
Answer:
-pleural tap or thoracentesis: performed to determine the cause of
unexplained pleural effusion.
-to relieve intrathoracic pressure that accumulates with a large volume of
fluid and inhibits respiration.
-Evaluates cytology as well
Question:
What is a pulmonary embolism?
Answer:
blood clot in the lungs
DVT puts a person at risk for a pulmonary embolism
, Question:
Classic signs of a pulmonary embolism.
Answer:
-Shortness of breath. This symptom typically appears suddenly and always
gets worse with exertion.
-Chest pain. You may feel like you're having a heart attack. The pain is often
sharp and felt when you breathe in deeply, often stopping you from being
able to take a deep breath. It can also be felt when you cough, bend or stoop.
-Cough
Question:
Risk factors for pulmonary embolism.
Answer:
Oral contraceptives
Obesity
Recent surgery or immobility
Heart disease
Covid 19 infection
Disorders that affect clotting
Testosterone supplementation
for Nurse Practitioners
Exam 2
Question:
A comprehensive test used to diagnose sleep disorders that records your
brain waves, the oxygen level in your blood, heart rate, and breathing, as well
as eye and leg movements during the study.
Answer:
Polysomnography
Question:
Indications for polysomnography
Answer:
-Sleep apnea
-Periodic limb movement disorder sometimes associated with restless legs
syndrome.
-Narcolepsy
-REM sleep behavior disorder. This sleep disorder involves acting out dreams
as you sleep.
,-Unusual behaviors during sleep.: walking, moving around a lot or rhythmic
movements.
-Unexplained chronic insomnia
Question:
Microscopic study - Acid fast bacilli smear (AFB smear)
Answer:
-diagnosis of tuberculosis
*diagnosis cannot be made with the smear
itself; TB cultures are required.
-productive cough, night sweats, fever, anorexia,
weight loss, hemoptysis or abnormal CXR.
-considered in immunocompromised patients.
Question:
Microscopic study - Blood Culture and Sensitivity
Answer:
Used to determine the presence of bacteria in the blood.
,Question:
Microscopic study - Bone marrow biopsy
Answer:
-used in the evaluation of patients with hematologic diseases, to evaluate
anemias, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia.
-To assess abnormal iron stores
-to diagnosis leukemia, myeloproliferative disorders, and plasma cell
dyscrasia.
Question:
Microscopic study - Fluid analysis
Answer:
-pleural tap or thoracentesis: performed to determine the cause of
unexplained pleural effusion.
-to relieve intrathoracic pressure that accumulates with a large volume of
fluid and inhibits respiration.
-Evaluates cytology as well
Question:
What is a pulmonary embolism?
Answer:
blood clot in the lungs
DVT puts a person at risk for a pulmonary embolism
, Question:
Classic signs of a pulmonary embolism.
Answer:
-Shortness of breath. This symptom typically appears suddenly and always
gets worse with exertion.
-Chest pain. You may feel like you're having a heart attack. The pain is often
sharp and felt when you breathe in deeply, often stopping you from being
able to take a deep breath. It can also be felt when you cough, bend or stoop.
-Cough
Question:
Risk factors for pulmonary embolism.
Answer:
Oral contraceptives
Obesity
Recent surgery or immobility
Heart disease
Covid 19 infection
Disorders that affect clotting
Testosterone supplementation
