ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Review 2024 Questions and Answers

ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Review 2024 Questions and Answers Patient identifiers - Answer--Medical record number -home telephone number What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient with chronic renal failure? - Answer-■ Urinalysis Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific gravity Serum creatinine - Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for acute renal failure (ARF) - Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal failure (CRF) exceeding 4 mg/dL ■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) - 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF - Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over months to years for CRF - 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF) ■ Serum electrolytes - Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium ■ Complete blood count (CBC) - Decreased hemoglobin What food should you increase when taking Lasix? - Answer--increased amounts of potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, prunes, raisins, and orange juice) Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action? - Answer-color and temperature Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse effect - Answer-pain, tightness, pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat, neck, and/or jaw slow or difficult speech Know about Transdermal patch - Answer--• Apply at the same time once each day, preferably in the morning. Keep patch on for 12 to 14 hr each day. • Remove the patch at night to reduce the risk of developing tolerance to nitroglycerin. Be medication-free a minimum of 10 to 12 hr each day (usually at night). • Do not cut patches to ensure appropriate dosage. • Place the patch on a hairless area of skin (chest, back, or abdomen) and rotate sites to prevent skin irritation. • Wash skin with soap and water and dry thoroughly before applying new patch. RBC Blood transfusion - Answer- %20RN%208.0%20Chp% (prime with normal saline and infuse with sodium chloride). What to understand about Parkinson's Meds? - Answer--they don't cure disease, they slow the process. NEUPOGEN (filgrastim)-what is the appropriate route of this med? - Answer- administered by subcutaneous injection or IV infusion Lisinopril therapeutic effect - Answer-blood pressure answer (e.g. 120/80) Medication for Schizophrenia - Answer-risperidone, Risperdal Macrodantin medication - Answer-used to treat or prevent certain urinary tract infections Haldol-inform if you are taking ____________ medication. - Answer--benzodiazepine class of anti-anxiety drugs (all ending with "pam") and even, Xanax. Fosomax - Answer-same as-Alendronate is used for treating osteoporosis in men and postmenopausal women. Lipitor - Answer--lowers cholesterol in blood, "statins". Reduce LDL and total cholesterol. Raise HDL. Garamycin- - Answer-Antibiotic that is toxic to the kidney, injected for radiology studies. Digoxin side effects - Answer--Fatigue -Bradycardia -Anorexia -Nausea/Vomiting Singulair - Answer-used before exercise to prevent breathing problems during exercise (bronchospasm). What medication to administer with Tylenol overdose? - Answer-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) must be given IV HPV vaccine - Answer-Human Papilloma Virus (HPV2, HPV4) - -Three doses should be given over a 6 month -interval for females at 11 to 12 years of age (minimum age is 9 years). -The second dose should be administered 2 months after the first dose, and the third dose should be administered 6 months after the first dose. -HPV4 may be given to males starting at age 9 years of age. Opioid toxicity-what to check first - Answer-oxygen saturation Valporic Acid lab - Answer-liver Lithium report immediately - Answer-slurred speech Prednisone report - Answer-sore throat Food to avoid when taking Lithium - Answer--salty foods -alcoholic beverages Labs for patients taking hydrothiazide - Answer-Periodic determination of serum electrolytes to detect possible electrolyte imbalance should be done at appropriate intervals. 1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client? 1. Calcium chloride 2. Calcium gluconate 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) 4. Large doses of vitamin D - Answer-3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Rationale: The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration. 2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item? 1. Milk 2. Water 3. Apple juice 4. Orange juice - Answer-4. Orange juice