Viral Diseases - Equine Health and Disease Questions and Answers 100% Correct!

Rabies - ANSWERSFatal disease!, Transmitted from bite with infected saliva; infected saliva on open wound or on mucous membranes, Incubation time depends on how far infected site is from the brain, Horses do not show typical signs of "going mad" foaming at the mouth, May show weakness, staggering, No effective treatment, Infected horse must be euthanized, Vaccinate for prevention!, Humans working at high-risk sites must (should) be vaccinated (diagnostic labs, veterinary hospitals, animal handlers) Equine Viral Encephalomyelitis - ANSWERSAttacks central nervous system, Eastern, Western, Venezuelan, Japanese, and West Niles form, EEE: most virulent, WEE: least virulent, VEE: international travel; reservoir for infection; not in US, JEE: international travel to SE Asia, WN: started in NY and has spread west , Arbovirus (type of virus), Host: infected bird or rodent , Transmitted: mosquito feeds on host, Mosquito feeds on horse, Horse is dead-end host for virus (virus levels to low in horse for mosquito to pick it up to transmit it further), Signs appear 1 to 3 weeks after transmission, Last 5 to 14 days (high fever, compulsive walking, circling, incoordination, appears blind, depression, tongue hanging out, ears and lips droopy, and paralysis), Vaccinate for prevention, Control your mosquito breeding areas, West Nile virus (different viral strain than others (EEE,WEE = Togavirus) Flavivirus), First vaccine and booster 30d, Annually, 30d prior to mosquito season, Every 6 mo in areas that have mosquitoes year round, Pregnant mares (30d prior to foaling)