Test Bank for Biology Life on Earth with Physiology Global Edition, 11th Edition by Gerald Audesirk

Test Bank for Biology Life on Earth with Physiology Global Edition, 11th Edition by Gerald Audesirk Table of Contents Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth 1 Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life 30 Chapter 3 Biological Molecules 59 Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function 91 Chapter 5 Cell Membrane Structure and Function 120 Chapter 6 Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell 150 Chapter 7 Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis 178 Chapter 8 Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration 211 Chapter 9 Cellular Reproduction 242 Chapter 10 Meiosis: The Basis of Sexual Reproduction 285 Chapter 11 Patterns of Inheritance 319 Chapter 12 DNA: The Molecule of Heredity 352 Chapter 13 Gene Expression and Regulation 382 Chapter 14 Biotechnology 412 Chapter 15 Principles of Evolution 441 Chapter 16 How Populations Evolve 472 Chapter 17 The Origin of Species 508 Chapter 18 The History of Life 537 Chapter 19 Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity 576 Chapter 20 The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses 604 Chapter 21 The Diversity of Protists 634 Chapter 22 The Diversity of Plants 666 Chapter 23 Diversity of Fungi 701 Chapter 24 Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates 736 Chapter 25 Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates 767 Chapter 26 Animal Behavior 803 Chapter 27 Population Growth and Regulation 836 Chapter 28 Community Interactions 871 Chapter 29 Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems 908 Chapter 30 Earth's Diverse Ecosystems 945 Chapter 31 Conserving Earth's Biodiversity 981 Chapter 32 Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body 1012 Chapter 33 Circulation 1042 Chapter 34 Respiration 1071 Chapter 35 Nutrition and Digestion 1101 Chapter 36 The Urinary System 1131 Chapter 37 Defenses Against Disease 1163 Chapter 38 Chemical Control of the Animal Body: The Endocrine System 1197 Chapter 39 The Nervous System 1236 Chapter 40 The Senses 1271 Chapter 41 Action and Support: The Muscles and Skeleton 1301 Chapter 42 Animal Reproduction 1330 Chapter 43 Animal Development 1363 Chapter 44 Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport 1397 Chapter 45 Plant Reproduction and Development 1429 Chapter 46 Plant Responses to the Environment 1458 S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 1 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Scientific inquiry is based on A) cultural biases or traditions. B) stories that are passed down through generations. C) natural causes. D) information found in a gossip magazine. Answer: C Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.6 Global L.O.: G1 2) Which of the following is an example of a natural cause? A) Mice arise from discarded garbage. B) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat. C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain. D) If you sneeze, you will die. Answer: C Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.6 Global L.O.: G1 3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because A) scientists are not able to study human behavior. B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove. C) faith requires deductive reasoning. D) there aren't enough variables. Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.6 Global L.O.: G1 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 2 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories? A) They have been thoroughly tested. B) They are developed by inductive reasoning. C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning. D) They can be either supported or modified by new observations. E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted. Answer: E Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.9 Global L.O.: G1 5) Which of these would be an example of a NON-scientific study? A) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks. B) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness against the flu virus. C) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development. D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce. E) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one produces the most sales. Answer: D Diff: 3 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT A) experimentation. B) a testable theory. C) an observation. D) a hypothesis. E) conclusions. Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 3 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesn't start one morning before school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem? A) I'm going to be late. B) If I put gas in my car, it will start. C) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery. D) I should change the battery or the starter. E) I should add a quart of oil. Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 8) A scientific theory A) is a general explanation for natural phenomena. B) is an educated guess. C) is less reliable than a hypothesis. D) will never be changed. Answer: A Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.9 Global L.O.: G1 9) A scientific explanation that is conditional and requires more investigation is called a(n) A) theory. B) fact. C) control. D) hypothesis. E) observation. Answer: D Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 4 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in accord with scientific principles is called a A) hypothesis. B) theory. C) fact. D) control. E) postulate. Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 11) All of the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT A) hypothesis formulation. B) observation and experimentation. C) supernatural causes. D) deductive reasoning. E) repeatable by other scientists. Answer: C Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond well, whereas 25% show no improvement or a decline in health. You should A) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug. B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated. C) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment. D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve. E) begin work on developing a new drug. Answer: C Diff: 3 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1; G2; G4 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 5 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What was the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result? A) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow. B) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria. C) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold. D) The mold was dead. Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for this experiment? A) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug C) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug D) 20 non-pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug E) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline Answer: E Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory? A) Matter is composed of atoms. B) Living things are made of cells. C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms. D) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails. Answer: D Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.9 Global L.O.: G1 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 6 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 16) Which of the following is TRUE regarding faith-based beliefs and scientific theories? A) Both faith-based beliefs and scientific theories can be proven. B) Any and all faith-based beliefs can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot. C) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based beliefs cannot. D) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based beliefs are. E) Faith-based beliefs can become scientific theories. Answer: C Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.9 Global L.O.: G1 17) Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization? A) Molecule, cell, organelle, organ B) Organelle, tissue, cell, organ C) Atom, molecule, tissue, cell D) Organ, tissue, cell, molecule E) Cell, tissue, organ, organ system Answer: E Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global L.O.: G1 18) Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (i.e., includes the most life-forms)? A) Species B) Population C) Biosphere D) Community E) Ecosystem Answer: C Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.3 Global L.O.: G1 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 7 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 19) The smallest units that still retain the characteristics of an element are called A) molecules. B) cells. C) atoms. D) tissues. E) organic molecules. Answer: C Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.1 Global L.O.: G1 20) Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning? A) All objects on Earth will fall down when dropped, and none will "fall up." B) Living objects are composed of cells. C) Atoms make up molecules, which make up cells, which make up tissues. D) If an object exhibits all the characteristics of life, it must be living. Answer: D Diff: 1 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 21) The experiments of Francesco Redi A) disproved that maggots and flies were related. B) disproved the idea of spontaneous generation. C) disproved the scientific method. D) used the scientific method to prove the idea of spontaneous generation. E) determined that fly larvae were present in raw meat, and when left on the counter they turned into flies. Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.6; 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 8 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 22) Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. He left the first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar would be called the jar. A) experimental B) control C) conclusive D) hypothetical Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.6; 1.7 Global L.O.: G1 23) To test the effect of vitamin D on growth, two groups of rats were raised under identical conditions and fed the same diet. One of the groups received daily injections of vitamin D. The other group received injections of saline, which did not contain vitamin D. All the rats were weighed weekly for 2 months. In this experiment, the control was the A) group receiving vitamin D. B) group receiving saline. C) average weight gain of the rats. D) 2-month period of time. Answer: B Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.7; 1.8 Global L.O.: G1 24) Evolution is sometimes described as the change from preexisting life-forms to modern-day organisms. What actually changes, in every case of evolution, is the A) rate of reproduction. B) ability of organisms to respond to external stimuli. C) energy and nutritional demands of the organism. D) genetic makeup of the species, due to mutations. E) species' physical appearance. Answer: D Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.2 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation Learning Outcome: 1.2 Global L.O.: G1 W W W . T B S M . W S S - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017) 9 | P a g e Downloaded by: RNSTORE | Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn $1.236 extra per year? 25) All of the following are important to the theory of evolution EXCEPT A) environmental change. B) variation in traits within an entire population. C) mutations. D) inheritance of traits. E) changes in individuals within their lifetimes. Answer: E Diff: 2 Chapter Section: 1.2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.2 Global L.O.: G1 26) Which is NOT an example of evolution? A) The development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria B) Flightless birds living on islands without predators C) Annual changes in the flu virus due to mutations D) A dog learning how to open the cabinet where its food is kept E) The 2- to 3-year effectiveness of most commercial pesticides in killing insects Answer: D Diff: 3 Chapter Section: 1.2 Skill: Application/Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.2 Global L.O.: G