Test Bank Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease 14th Edition Cohen Hull

Test Bank Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease 14th Edition Cohen HullContents Chapter 1: Organization of the Human Body Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 3 2. Which word is derived from the Greek word meaning “cutting up”? dissection C. physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction Which word is defined as the study of the function of living organisms and their parts? A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 6 3. A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 6 4. A. B. C. D. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 5. Cells are more complex than tissues are the first level of organization in the body are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 8 A group of cells that act together to perform a function is called a(n) A. B. ANS: C 1 | P a g e molecule organ PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization tissue organism dissection physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction Which word is defined as the scientific study of disease? dissection C. physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomy C. D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomy D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomyREF: MCS: 8 TOP: Structural levels of organization 6. A. B. ANS: A The heart is an example of a(n) organ tissue PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 7. C. D. organism system DIF: Application REF: MCS: 8 The levels of organization from most simple to most complex are A. B. C. D. ANS: D REF: MCS: 7 8. PTS: 1 cell system tissue system chemical system chemical system tissue cell cell tissue DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization When using directional terms to describe the body, it is assumed that the body is in what position? A. supine B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 9 9. A. B. C. D. ANS: A REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 9 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position 10. The prone position A. B. C. 2 | P a g e describes the body lying face up is also called the anatomical position describes the body lying face down anatomical PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position The supine position describes the body lying face up is also called anatomical position describes the body lying face down both A and B lateral prone organ organ chemical cell organ chemical tissue organD. both B and C ANS: C REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 9 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position 11. Because humans walk upright, the term dorsal can be used in place of the term A. B. ANS: B direction 12. A. B. ANS: D The opposite term for posterior in humans is C. superior anterior PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 13. D. ventral both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The opposite term for superficial is A. B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 10 14. section. A. B. ANS: B deep inferior PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction The body section that divides the right ear from the left ear is a frontal sagittal PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 15. C. D. coronal transverse DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a section. A. B. ANS: A frontal sagittal PTS: 1 C. D. midsagittal transverse DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 16. A section that divides the body into mirror images is a A. 3 | P a g e frontal C. section. midsagittal posterior medial inferior posterior PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 C. D. DIF: TOP: Anatomical anterior distalB. coronal ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 17. D. transverse DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 The two major body cavities are called A. thoracic and abdominal C. dorsal and ventral 4 | P a g eB. thoracic and pelvic D. ANS: C REF: MCS: 10 18. A. B. ANS: D TOP: Body cavities 19. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities The liver can be found in the upper right quadrant epigastric region PTS: 1 C. D. hypogastric region both A and B DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The word “leg” correctly describes the A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 13 20. area from the hip to the foot area from the knee to the ankle PTS: 1 TOP: Body regions The human body tries to maintain a constant body temperature. This is an example of A. B. ANS: A homeostasis a positive feedback loop PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 21. C. D. an effector a sensor DIF: Application REF: MCS: 15 The part of a feedback loop that has the direct effect on the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis B. ANS: B of body functions 22. the effector PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 C. D. DIF: TOP: The balance The part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis B. 5 | P a g e the effector C. D. the sensor the control center the sensor the control center C. D. DIF: Memorization area between the hip and the knee femoral area DIF: Memorization mediastinum and pleuralANS: C PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 15 of body functions 23. DIF: TOP: The balance The part of the feedback loop that compares the present condition to the homeostatic condition the body is trying to maintain is called A. homeostasis B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 15 the effector PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions 24. When your body temperature drops below normal, your muscles begin to contract rapidly, making you shiver and generating heat. In this case your muscles are acting as the A. sensor B. ANS: B effector PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Synthesis control center both A and C REF: MCS: 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 25. Which of the following body functions is an example of a positive feedback loop? A. B. C. D. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 26. maintaining a pH of 7.45 in the body forming a blood clot uterine contractions during labor both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 The level of organization directly below the organ level is the A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 7 system cellular PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 27. Which of these terms cannot be applied to a body in the anatomical position? A. dorsal B. ANS: C position 6 | P a g e posterior PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 C. D. DIF: TOP: Anatomical supine both A and B tissue chemical level. the sensor the control centerA. B. 28. Which term means toward the head? C. anterior superior ANS: B REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 9 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction 29. Which describes the anatomical relationship of the wrist to the elbow? A. B. C. D. ANS: A PTS: 1 The elbow is proximal to the wrist. The elbow is distal to the wrist. The elbow is superficial to the wrist. The elbow is lateral to the wrist. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Anatomical direction 30. A coronal plane or section is another term for a A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 10 31. A. B. C. D. ANS: B REF: MCS: 10 PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities A. B. C. D. 32. Which is not a part of the upper abdominopelvic region? right hypochondriac region epigastric region hypogastric region All of the above are part of the upper abdominopelvic region. ANS: C REF: MCS: 11 TRUE/FALS E PTS: 1 7 | P a g e DIF: sagittal midsagittal PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes of body sections The muscular sheet called the diaphragm divides the right and left pleural cavities thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavities abdominal and pelvic cavities thoracic cavity and mediastinum DIF: Memorization plane. transverse frontal D. superficial ventralMemorization TOP: Body cavities 1. ANS: T REF: MCS: P T S : 1 D I F : M e m o r i z a t i o n T O P : I n t r o d u 8 | P a g e Anatomy is defined as the study of the structure of an organism. 3c t i o n 2. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 The word “dissection” comes from Greek words meaning “cutting up.” MCS: 3 DIF: Memorization TOP: Introduction 3. Anatomy deals with the study of structure, whereas physiology deals with the study of function. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 3 | MCS: 6 DIF: Memorization TOP: Introduction 4. ANS: T REF: MCS: 6 5. ANS: F Pathology is the scientific study of disease. PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction A protein molecule is considered to be at the cellular level of organization. PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 6. DIF: Analysis REF: MCS: 7 The cell is the simplest level of organization in the human body. ANS: F REF: MCS: 7 7. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization Cells are considered to be the smallest living unit of structure and function in the body. ANS: T REF: MCS: 8 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 8. A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. 9 | P a g e DIF: MemorizationANS: F REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 8 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 9. A group of several different tissues working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. ANS: T 8 REF: MCS: P T S : 1 D I F : M e m o r i z a t i o n T O P : S t r u c t u 10 | P a g e rganizationr a l l e v e l s o f o 10. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 The organ is the highest level of organization in the human body. MCS: 7 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 11. Anatomical position is the reference position for the directional terms of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 12. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 If you like to sleep on your stomach, you prefer sleeping in the supine position. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 13. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 Doctors recommend putting babies to sleep on their backs to help prevent breathing problems. This is the supine position. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 14. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The anatomical position can be described as the body being erect with the arms held at shoulder level with the palms of the hands facing down. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 9 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position 15. ANS: T The ankle is inferior to the knee. PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 11 | P a g e DIF: Application REF: MCS: 916. ANS: F Dorsal and anterior are interchangeable terms when referring to humans. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Anatomical direction 17. ANS: F The lungs are medial to the heart. PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 18. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The elbow is proximal to the wrist. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 19. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The skin is superficial to the muscles. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 20. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 Proximal and medial are opposite terms. ANS: F REF: MCS: 9 21. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction The knee is distal to the ankle. PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 22. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The middle toe is medial to the big toe but lateral to the smallest toe. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 23. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 ANS: T Frontal and coronal sections refer to the same thing. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 24. ANS: F Sagittal and midsagittal sections refer to the same thing. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 25. A plane dividing a body into upper and lower portions is a transverse plane. 12 | P a g eANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 10 DIF: TOP: Planes or body sections 26. A plane dividing the body into front and back portions is a sagittal plane. ANS: F REF: MCS: 10 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes or body sections 27. A midsagittal plane divides the right shoulder from the left shoulder. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 28. A transverse plane divides the eyes from the back of the head. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 29. A frontal section divides the eyes from the back of the head. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 30. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 ANS: T The ventral cavity is one of the main cavities of the body. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Body cavities 31. ANS: F The mediastinum is a subdivision of the abdominal cavity. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Body cavities 32. ANS: T The pleural cavities are subdivisions of the thoracic cavity. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Body cavities 33. ANS: T TOP: Body cavities 34. The abdominal cavity is inferior to the thoracic cavity. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 13 | P a g e DIF: MemorizationMCS: 10 TOP: Body cavities 35. The thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 11 TOP: Body cavities 36. The right hypochondriac region is completely in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities 37. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The left hypochondriac region is completely in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities 38. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The right lumbar region is superior to the right iliac region. ANS: T TOP: Body cavities 39. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 ANS: T The dorsal cavity includes the spinal cavity. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 11 TOP: Body cavities 40. ANS: T The brain is located in the dorsal cavity. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 15 TOP: Body cavities 41. Homeostasis is the relative consistency of the internal environment of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 15 of body functions 42. DIF: TOP: The balance One method the body has of maintaining homeostasis is a positive feedback loop. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 14 | P a g e DIF: MemorizationMCS: 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 43. In a feedback loop, the part of the system that compares the actual condition to the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 15 DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions 44. In a feedback loop, the part of the system that effects a change in the controlled condition is called the effector. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 15 45. DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions In a feedback loop, the part of the system that detects a change in the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 DIF: TOP: The balance of body functions 46. A negative feedback loop stimulates and amplifies a change in the internal environment. ANS: F PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 DIF: TOP: The balance of body functions 47. A negative feedback loop opposes or negates a change in the internal environment. ANS: T REF: MCS: 16 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions 48. ANS: F The body has more positive feedback loops than negative feedback loops. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 16 TOP: The balance of body functions 49. ANS: F The formation of a blood clot is an example of a negative feedback loop. PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 50. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 The pH of the body must remain within a very narrow range. It would more likely be controlled by a negative feedback loop. 15 | P a g eANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 TOP: The balance of body functions 51. Women have one more positive feedback loop than do men. Synthesis ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 52. DIF: REF: MCS: 10 Both the heart and the blood vessels are considered to be organs in the cardiovascular system. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 53. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 An “L” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Left” or “Lateral” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 10 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction 54. An “S” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Superior” or “Supine” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 10 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction 55. When you look at an anatomical compass rosette in the text, the “R” on the rosette is on your right side. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction MATCHING Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. chemical level B. C. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 16 | P a g e cellular level tissue level D. E. F. the smallest “living” part of the body a word used to denote a living thing level that includes atoms and molecules level made up of groups of tissues working together to perform a task level that is the most complex unit that makes up the body level that is made up of a group of cells working together to perform a task organ level system level organism DIF: Application REF: MCS: 71. ANS: B REF: MCS: 7 2. REF: MCS: 7 3. REF: MCS: 7 4. REF: MCS: 7 5. REF: MCS: 7 6. REF: MCS: 10 TOP: ANS: PTS: 1 Structural levels of organization F PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of ANS: organization A TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: Structural levels of organization D Structural levels of organization E Structural levels of organization C PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. superior B. C. D. E. 7. 8. 9. anterior medial proximal superficial F. G. H. I. J. nearer to the surface of the body toward the head or above toward the midline of the body 10. away from the trunk or point of origin 11. toward the feet or below 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 7. REF: MCS: 9 8. REF: MCS: 9 17 | P a g e toward the back farther away from the surface of the body toward the side toward the front nearest to the trunk or point of origin ANS: E TOP: Anatomical ANS: direction A PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization inferior posterior lateral distal deep DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization9. ANS: direction C PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 9 10. TOP: ANS: Anatomical direction I PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization 18 | P a g eREF: MCS: 9 11. REF: MCS: 9 12. REF: MCS: 10 13. REF: MCS: 9 14. REF: MCS: 9 15. REF: MCS: 9 16. REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Anatomical ANS: direction F TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: Anatomical direction G Anatomical direction J PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 PTS: Anatomical direction H PTS: Anatomical direction B PTS: Anatomical direction D PTS: TOP: Anatomical direction Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. frontal plane B. C. D. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 17. REF: MCS: 11 18. REF: MCS: 10 19. 19 | P a g e transverse plane sagittal plane diaphragm E. F. G. H. thoracic cavity abdominopelvic cavity cranial cavity mediastinum a muscular sheet dividing the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities the lower part of the ventral body cavity divides the body into right and left sides part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain divides the body into upper and lower parts a subdivision of the thoracic cavity divides the body into front and rear parts cavity that is subdivided into pleural cavities ANS: D TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : Body cavities F Body cavities C PTS: PTS: 1 1 DIF: DIF: Memorization Memorization 1 1 0 0 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: MemorizationREF: MCS: 10 20. REF: MCS: 10 21. REF: MCS: 10 22. REF: MCS: 10 23. REF: MCS: 3 24. REF: MCS: 7 SHORT ANSWER 1. TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : Planes or body sections G PTS: Body cavities B 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: Planes or body sections H PTS: Body cavities A 1 DIF: Memorization 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: Planes or body sections E 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: TOP: Body cavities 1 DIF: Memorization Explain the difference between anatomy and physiology. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 9 2. Name and explain the structural levels of organization of the body and give an example of each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Structural levels of organization 3. Describe the anatomical position. ANS: Answers will vary. 20 | P a g ePTS: 1 10 TOP: DIF: Memorization Anatomical position REF: MCS: 4. Define or explain the words “prone” and “supine.” ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 10 TOP: 5. DIF: Memorization Anatomical position REF: MCS: Name and describe the three planes or body sections. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 16 TOP: 6. DIF: Planes Memorization or body cavities REF: MCS: Name the two major body cavities and describe what is in each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 16 TOP: 7. DIF: Memorization Body cavities REF: MCS: Explain the three parts of a negative feedback loop. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 16 TOP: 8. DIF: Memorization The balance of body functions What is meant by a negative feedback loop? Give an example of a negative feedback loop in the body. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 10 TOP: 9. REF: MCS: DIF: Application REF: Pages 9- The balance of body functions What is meant by a positive feedback loop? Give an example of a positive feedback loop in the body. 21 | P a g eANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 16 TOP: 10. DIF: Application REF: MCS: The balance of body functions List the anatomical directions and explain each of them. If there are alternate terms for an anatomical direction, give those terms also. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Anatomical direction Chapter 2: Chemistry, Matter, and Life Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which subatomic particle has a positive charge? A. B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 27 2. A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 27 3. A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 27 4. A. B. ANS: D 22 | P a g e proton neutron PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms Which subatomic particle has no charge? C. proton neutron PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms Which subatomic particle has a negative charge? C. proton neutron PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms Which subatomic particle is found in the nucleus? C. proton neutron PTS: 1 D. DIF: Memorization electron both A and B D. DIF: Memorization electron nucleus D. DIF: Memorization electron nucleus C. D. DIF: Memorization electron nucleusREF: MCS: 27 TOP: Atoms 5. A. B. C. D. ANS: D TOP: Atoms 6. A. B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 27 7. A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 27 8. PTS: 1 Electrons are found in the nucleus in orbitals at various distances from the nucleus called energy levels both B and C DIF: Application REF: Pages 27-28 The atomic number of an atom is the number of C. protons neutrons PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms The atomic mass of an atom is the number of C. protons neutrons PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms The subatomic particle that determines how an atom unites with other atoms is the A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 27 9. proton neutron PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms An atom that contains 20 protons, 21 neutrons, and 20 electrons has an atomic number of A. 20 B. ANS: A TOP: Atoms 10. 41 PTS: 1 C. D. 40 61 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 27 An atom that contains 20 protons, 21 neutrons, and 20 electrons has an atomic mass of 23 | P a g e C. D. DIF: Memorization electron both A and B D. DIF: Memorization electrons both A and B D. DIF: Memorization electrons both A and BA. B. 20 41 ANS: B TOP: Atoms 11. A. B. C. D. ANS: C PTS: 1 C. D. 40 61 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 27 An atom that contains 20 protons, 21 neutrons, and 20 electrons has a positive charge a negative charge no charge (electrically neutral) not enough information is given to determine its charge PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 27 TOP: Atoms 12. Which of these elements is not one of the four elements that make up most of the human body? 24 | P a g eA. B. carbon nitrogen ANS: D REF: MCS: 28 PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Elements, molecules, and compounds 13. bonds. A. B. ANS: A Bonds that usually dissociate in water to form electrolytes are ionic covalent PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 29 C. D. DIF: TOP: Ionic bonds 14. A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 30 15. A. B. C. D. ANS: C REF: MCS: 31 16. A. B. C. D. ANS: A REF: MCS: 31 17. 25 | P a g e PTS: 1 TOP: Water Acids have PTS: 1 TOP: Water The process of hydrolysis uses water to turn large molecules into smaller ones removes a molecule of water from the reactants converts smaller molecules into larger molecules by removing water both B and C DIF: Memorization The bonds formed when electrons are shared are called electrolytes C. ionic bonds PTS: 1 TOP: Covalent bonds The process of dehydration synthesis uses water to turn large molecules into smaller ones adds a molecule of water to the reactants converts smaller molecules into larger ones by removing water both A and B DIF: Memorization D. DIF: Memorization covalent bonds inorganic bonds organic both B and C oxygen calciumA. a pH less than 7 B. ANS: D more H+ ions than OH– ions PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 32 and salts 18. A. B. ANS: C Bases have a pH less than 7 more H+ ions than OH– ions PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 32 and salts 19. A solution with a pH of 4 A. B. C. D. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Acids, bases, and salts 20. has 100 times more H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 2 has 100 times fewer H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 2 has 100 times fewer H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 6 is basic DIF: Synthesis REF: MCS: 32 The end product of a reaction between a strong acid and a strong base is A. B. ANS: D and salts A. B. 21. Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide? C. sucrose glucose ANS: B 26 | P a g e PTS: 1 D. DIF: lactose glycogen water a salt PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 32 C. D. DIF: TOP: Acids, bases, a weak acid and a weak base both A and B C. D. DIF: TOP: Acids, bases, a pH greater than 7 both A and B C. D. DIF: TOP: Acids, bases, more OH– than H+ ions both A and BMemorization REF: MCS: 33 TOP: Carbohydrates 22. Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide? A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 33 23. A. B. C. D. ANS: D REF: MCS: 34 24. A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 34 PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids Phospholipids contain glycerol contain two fatty acids PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids 25. Cholesterol A. B. ANS: C contains three fatty acids contains two fatty acids PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization REF: Pages 34-35 TOP: Lipids 26. Which of the following is not true of proteins? A. B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 34 27 | P a g e They have water- repelling tails. They are made up of amino acids. PTS: 1 TOP: Proteins C. D. DIF: Memorization They contain nitrogen. They contain peptide bonds. is a steroid lipid contains glycerol C. D. DIF: Memorization contain three fatty acids are steroid lipids sucrose glucose PTS: 1 TOP: Carbohydrates Triglycerides are steroid lipids have a phosphorus-containing unit on one end have two fatty acids have three fatty acids DIF: Memorization C. D. DIF: Memorization lactose glycogenA. 27. Which of the following is a structural protein? collagen C. enzymes 28 | P a g eB. keratin ANS: D REF: MCS: 35 PTS: 1 TOP: Proteins A. B. 28. Which of the following is a functional protein? collagen C. keratin ANS: C REF: MCS: 36 PTS: 1 TOP: Proteins A. B. 29. Which of the following substances is not found in a DNA nucleotide? phosphate unit C. glycerol molecule ANS: B REF: MCS: 34 PTS: 1 TOP: Nucleic acids A. B. 30. Which substance is found only in DNA? adenine C. guanine ANS: C REF: MCS: 36 31. PTS: 1 TOP: Nucleic acids The nitrogen atom has a total of seven electrons. To have a full outer energy level, it would have to A. add one electron B. ANS: C lose one electron PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Synthesis add three electrons lose two electrons REF: MCS: 27 TOP: Atoms 32. Which type of chemical bond does not result in the formation of a new molecule? A. B. C. D. hydrogen bond ionic bond covalent bond None of the above; all chemical bonds result in the formation of a new molecule. ANS: A REF: MCS: 30 29 | P a g e D. DIF: Memorization thymine cytosine D. DIF: Memorization nitrogen base a sugar D. DIF: Memorization enzymes both A and B D. DIF: Memorization both A and BTRUE/FALS E PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Hydrogen bonds 1. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. ANS: T REF: MCS: 27 2. protons and electrons. ANS: F REF: MCS: 27 3. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Levels of chemical organization The mass of an atom is determined by the total number of PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms The two subatomic particles found in the nucleus of the atom are protons and neutrons. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 27 4. ANS: F REF: MCS: 28 5. TOP: Atoms A full atomic orbital always contains eight electrons. PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons plus the number of electrons. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 27 6. level. ANS: F REF: MCS: 28 7. atomic number of 11. ANS: T TOP: Atoms 8. TOP: Atoms The closer an orbital is to the nucleus of an atom, the higher its energy PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms An atom with 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons has an PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 27 An atom with 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons has an atomic mass of 21. 30 | P a g e DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: MemorizationANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms 9. ANS: T TOP: Atoms 10. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: MCS: 27 An atom with 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons has a +1 charge. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 27 An element is a substance composed of only one type of atom. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 28 TOP: Elements, molecules, and compounds 11. ANS: T All molecules are not necessarily compounds. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 28 TOP: Elements, molecules, and compounds 12. Chemical bonds form when atoms share, donate, or borrow electrons. ANS: T REF: MCS: 29 13. ANS: F REF: MCS: 29 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Chemical bonding Ionic bonds result from atoms sharing electrons. PTS: 1 TOP: Ionic bonds 14. When an ionic compound is put into water, it dissociates into ions. ANS: T REF: MCS: 29 PTS: 1 TOP: Ionic bonds 15. Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons. ANS: T REF: MCS: 30 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Covalent bonds ANS: F 16. When a covalent compound is put into water, it dissociates into ions. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 30 TOP: Covalent bonds 17. For a compound to be considered an organic compound it must have a C- O or an H-O bond. 31 | P a g e DIF: Memorization DIF: MemorizationANS: F PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 31 DIF: Memorization TOP: Inorganic chemistry 18. Water is the most abundant organic compound in the body. ANS: F REF: MCS: 31 19. PTS: 1 TOP: Water The process of dehydration synthesis makes bigger molecules from smaller molecules. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 31 20. ANS: T REF: MCS: 31 21. ANS: F REF: MCS: 31 22. TOP: Water The process of dehydration synthesis has water as one of its end products. PTS: 1 TOP: Water The process of hydrolysis has water as one of its end products. PTS: 1 TOP: Water One of the end products of hydrolysis would have one more hydrogen atom than it did at the beginning of the reaction. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Water 23. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: MCS: 31 Acids have a higher concentration of H+ ions than OH– ions. PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 32 and salts 24. ANS: T Bases have a higher concentration of OH– ions than H+ ions. PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 32 and salts ANS: F 25. A solution with a pH of 8 has more H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 4. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 32 PTS: 1 32 | P a g e DIF: TOP: Acids, bases, DIF: TOP: Acids, bases, DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: MemorizationTOP: Acids, bases, and salts 26. A solution with a pH of 5 has more H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 7. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 32 TOP: Acids, bases, and salts 27. A solution with a pH of 2 has 10 times the number of H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 3. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 32 TOP: Acids, bases, and salts 28. When a strong acid and a strong base react, one of the end products is water. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 32 and salts ANS: F 29. A weak acid almost completely dissociates in water. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 32 and salts 30. When a strong acid and a strong base react, one of the end products is a salt. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 32 and salts 31. A buffer is a substance that resists a sudden change in pH. ANS: T PTS: REF: MCS: 33 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Acids, bases, and salts 32. ANS: T The basic unit of a carbohydrate is a monosaccharide. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 33 TOP: Carbohydrates 33. A molecule of glucose is larger than a molecule of sucrose. 33 | P a g e DIF: TOP: Acids, bases, TOP: Acids, bases, DIF: TOP: Acids, bases,ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Carbohydrate s 34. ANS: T REF: MCS: 33 Sucrose is an example of a disaccharide. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Carbohydrates 35. Glycogen and starch are both examples of polysaccharides. ANS: T REF: MCS: 33 36. PTS: 1 TOP: Carbohydrates The process of dehydration synthesis could be used to convert a monosaccharide into a disaccharide. ANS: T PTS: 1 33 TOP: Water and carbohydrates 37. Both fats and oils are lipids. ANS: T REF: MCS: 34 PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids 38. A triglyceride contains two fatty acid molecules. ANS: F REF: MCS: 34 PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids 39. A triglyceride contains a molecule of glycerol. ANS: T REF: MCS: 34 40. ANS: F REF: MCS: 34 41. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids Phospholipids contain three fatty acids. PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids Phospholipids are important molecules in the cell membrane. PTS: 1 REF: Pages 34-35 TOP: Lipids 34 | P a g e DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Synthesis REF: MCS: 31 | MCS: DIF: Memorization DIF: Application REF: MCS: 3342. Cholesterol is a steroid lipid. ANS: T REF: MCS: 35 PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids 43. Cholesterol contains two fatty acid molecules. ANS: F REF: MCS: 34 PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids 44. Cholesterol is needed for the formation of several hormones in the body. ANS: T REF: MCS: 34 45. ANS: F REF: MCS: 35 46. ANS: T REF: MCS: 35 47. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids The basic building block of proteins is nucleotides. PTS: 1 TOP: Proteins The basic building blocks of protein are held together by peptide bonds. PTS: 1 TOP: Proteins Structural proteins include collagen, keratin, and enzymes. PTS: 1 REF: Pages 35-36 TOP: Proteins 48. DIF: Memorization Enzymes are functional proteins that act as chemical catalysts. ANS: T REF: MCS: 36 49. ANS: T REF: MCS: 36 50. PTS: 1 TOP: Proteins The basic building blocks of nucleic acids are nucleotides. PTS: 1 TOP: Nucleic acids The DNA and RNA molecules are the same except the DNA has thymine and the RNA molecule has uracil. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Nucleic acids 35 | P a g e DIF: Application REF: MCS: 36 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization51. The nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine can be found in both RNA and DNA. ANS: T REF: MCS: 36 52. the nucleotides. ANS: T REF: MCS: 36 53. ANS: F REF: MCS: 27 54. PTS: 1 TOP: Nucleic acids One difference between DNA and RNA is the type of sugar found in PTS: 1 TOP: Nucleic acids The smallest unit of matter is the electron. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Levels of chemical organization The oxygen atom has a total of eight electrons. That means it has six electrons in its outer energy level. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms 55. DIF: Analysis REF: MCS: 27 The number of electrons in the outer energy level of an atom determines how it behaves chemically. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 27 56. TOP: Atoms The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. This indicates that there are 24 atoms in a molecule of glucose. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 28 TOP: Elements, molecules, and compounds 57. The electrolyte most often formed by magnesium (Mg) is Mg++. This shows that the ion has two more electrons than protons. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 30 TOP: Ionic bonds 58. Water is the most common solute in the human body. ANS: F REF: MCS: 31 36 | P a g e PTS: 1 TOP: Water DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization59. ANS: T REF: MCS: 33 60. ANS: T REF: MCS: 34 61. the cell membrane. ANS: T REF: MCS: 34 62. Both sucrose and lactose are examples of disaccharides. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Carbohydrates Fats tend to be solids at room temperature. PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids Both cholesterol and phospholipids are involved in the structure of PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids The lock-and-key model describes how two strands of DNA are able to join so precisely to form a double helix. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 36 MATCHING Match each part of the atom with its corresponding description. A. protons B. 1. 2. 3. 4. neutrons C. D. part of the atom that is found in the nucleus part of the atom that is found in orbitals around the nucleus part of the atom that gives an atom its atomic number part of the atom that when combined with the proton gives the atom its atomic mass 1. REF: MCS: 27 2. REF: MCS: 27 3. REF: MCS: 27 37 | P a g e ANS: D TOP: Atoms ANS: C TOP: ANS : Atom s A TOP: Atoms PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization electrons both protons and neutrons TOP: Proteins DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization4. ANS: B REF: MCS: 27 TOP: Atoms Match each organic compound with its corresponding description. A. carbohydrates B. C. D. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 5. REF: MCS: 33 6. REF: MCS: 36 7. REF: MCS: 34 8. REF: MCS: 36 9. REF: MCS: 34 10. REF: MCS: 34 11. REF: MCS: 35 38 | P a g e triglycerides phospholipids E. F. G. cholesterol compound whose basic unit is a monosaccharide nucleic acid that contains the nitrogen base uracil lipid that is used to make hormones such as estrogen and testosterone nucleic acid that contains the nitrogen base thymine lipid that is composed of a molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids lipid that has two fatty acids and is important in the cell membrane an enzyme ANS: TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : A Carbohydrate s F Nucleic acids D Lipid s G Nucleic acids B Lipid s C Lipid s E TOP: Proteins PTS: PTS: 1 1 DIF: DIF: Memorization Memorization proteins RNA DNA PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 DIF: MemorizationMatch each term with its corresponding description or definition. A. nucleus B. ionic bond G. H. covalent bonds orbitals 39 | P a g eC. atomic mass D. E. F. 12. p ar t of th e at o m in w hi ch el ec tr o ns ar e fo u n d 13. e q u al to th e n u m b er of pr ot o ns a 40 | P a g e compound n 15. electrolyte atomic number combine only after hydrogen and oxygen atoms have been removed a t o m 16. of atoms or molecules that have opposite charges h a s 14. m o l 19. 20. make smaller molecules form larger molecules 22. e c u l e s t REF: h a t 12. MCS: 27 f 13. REF: MCS: 27 o r m i 14. REF: MCS: 30 o n s 15. REF: MCS: 31 16. w h e n REF: MCS: 32 REF: MCS: 27 d i s s o l v 18. 17. ANS: TOP: H Atoms ANS: F TOP: Atom ANS s E : TOP: Ionic bonds ANS J : TOP: ANS : Water K PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Mem DIF: Mem DIF: Mem 21. compound that produces OH– ions equal to the number of protons and neutrons in an atom process by which water is used to bond that is formed when electrons are shared 23. a molecule that contains more than one type of atom 17. 18. I. ed in water J. hydrolysis process by which reactants dehydration synthesis K. L. acid base compound that produces H+ ions part of the atom in which protons are found bond formed by the attraction PTS: 1 DIF: Mem PTS: 1 TOP: Acids, bases, and salts ANS: A TOP: Atom ANS s B : PTS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Mem DIF: Mem DIF: MemREF: MCS: 30 19. REF: 20. MCS: 27 21. REF: MCS: 31 22. REF: MCS: 30 23. REF: MCS: 28 SHORT ANSWER 1. REF: MCS: 32 TOP: TOP: ANS Acids, bases, : ANS : TOP: salts C Atoms ANS I : TOP: Water ANS G : TOP: ANS : TOP: Elements, molecules, and compounds Name the three parts of the atom and give a description of each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 TOP: Atoms DIF: Memorization PTS: 0 DIF: Memorization and Ionic bonds L PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 0 DIF: Memorization PTS: 0 DIF: Memorization Covalent bonds D PTS: 0 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 27 2. Explain how an ionic bond forms. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 TOP: Ionic bonds DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 30 3. Explain how a covalent bond forms. ANS: Answers will vary. 41 | P a g ePTS: 1 30 TOP: DIF: Memorization Covalent bonds REF: MCS: 4. ANS: Explain the processes of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. 42 | P a g eAnswers will vary. PTS: 1 31 TOP: 5. DIF: Memorization Water REF: MCS: Describe the difference between an acid solution and a base solution in terms of the amount and types of ions in each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 32 TOP: 6. DIF: Acids, Memorization bases, and salts REF: MCS: Explain the relationship among H+ ion concentration, OH– ion concentration, and pH. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 32 TOP: 7. DIF: Acids, Memorization bases, and salts REF: MCS: Describe the structure of carbohydrates and explain their use in the body. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 33 TOP: 8. DIF: Memorization Carbohydrates REF: MCS: Describe the three types of lipids and give the function of each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 TOP: Lipids DIF: Memorization 43 | P a g eREF: MCS: 34 9. Describe the structure of a protein and give examples of a structural protein and a functional protein. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 35 TOP: 10. DIF: Memorization Proteins REF: MCS: Explain the structure of a nucleic acid and list the differences between RNA and DNA. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 36 TOP: DIF: Memorization Nucleic acids REF: MCS: Chapter 3: Cells and Their Functions Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is not part of the cell? A. B. C. D. ANS: B REF: MCS: 45 2. A. B. C. D. ANS: C REF: MCS: 45 3. A. B. 44 | P a g e PTS: 1 TOP: Parts of the cell Which of the following is not part of the plasma membrane? phospholipids cholesterol triglycerides Neither B nor C is part of the cell membrane. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Plasma membrane Which of the following is not a function of the cell membrane? protein synthesis regulation of what moves into and out of the cell plasma membrane interstitial fluid nucleus All of the above are part of the cell. DIF: MemorizationC. D. identifying the cell ANS: A REF: MCS: 46 4. A. B. C. D. ANS: B REF: MCS: 46 5. A. PTS: 1 PTS: 1 communication between cells DIF: Memorization TOP: Plasma membrane Tissue typing uses information stored in the nucleus found on the plasma membrane found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum found in the Golgi apparatus DIF: Memorization TOP: Plasma membrane Which organelles can be called the “digestive bags” of the cell? C. ribosomes mitochondria 45 | P a g eB. smooth endoplasmic reticulum ANS: D REF: MCS: 50 6. A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 47 7. PTS: 1 TOP: Lysosomes What are the protein factories of the cell? mitochondria C. lysosomes PTS: 1 TOP: Ribosomes Which are small fingerlike projections on the plasma membrane that increase the cell’s ability to absorb substances? A. microvilli B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 50 8. A. B. cilia PTS: 1 TOP: Microvilli Which structure makes new membranes for the cell? C. rough endoplasmic reticulum smooth endoplasmic reticulum ANS: B REF: MCS: 47 9. A. B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 47 PTS: 1 D. Golgi apparatus mitochondria C. D. DIF: Memorization flagella rough endoplasmic reticulum D. DIF: Memorization ribosomes Golgi apparatus D. lysosomes DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization TOP: Endoplasmic reticulum Which organelle has a subunit made of RNA? C. ribosome mitochondria PTS: 1 TOP: Ribosomes A. B. 10. Which of the following are called the “power plants” of the cell? C. ribosomes mitochondria 46 | P a g e D. Golgi apparatus lysosomes D. DIF: Memorization Golgi apparatus lysosomes