Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function Chapter 7: Bone Tissue Questions And Answers A+ Review

Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function Chapter 7: Bone Tissue Questions And Answers A+ Review Osteology - ANS-The study of bone Skeletal System - ANS-Composed of bones, cartilages, and ligaments joined tightly to form a strong, flexible framework for the body Osseous Tissue - ANS-Connective tissue in which the matrix is hardened by the deposition of calcium phosphate and other minerals Mineralization (Calcification) - ANS-The hardening process of bone that includes calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite), calcium carbonate, and other minerals Long Bones - ANS-A type of bone that is longer than it is wide. They serve as rigid levers. Examples include the femur, humerus, and phalanges Short Bones - ANS-Nearly equal in length and width. They include the carpal and tarsal bones and have limited motion and merely glide across one another Flat Bones - ANS-Enclose and protect soft organs and provide broad surfaces for muscle attachment. They include most cranial bones and the ribs, sternum and hip bones Irregular Bones - ANS-Elaborate shapes that do not fit into any of the preceding categories. They include the vertebra and some skull bones Compact (dense) Bone - ANS-Denser calcified tissue with no spaces visible to the naked eye. forms the external surfaces of all bones, so spongy bone is always covered by compact bone. Makes up 3/4 of body weight Medullary (marrow) Cavity - ANS-A space enclosed in a cylinder containing bone marrow Blood Vessels - ANS-Get RBC out, growth of bone by minerals and glucose, transport system for reproduction and to eliminate waste Spongy (cancellous) Bone - ANS-Bone tissue that consists of an irregular latticework of thin plates of bone called trabeculae; found inside short, flat, and irregular bones and in the epiphyses of long bone. Diaphysis - ANS-The long bones shaft Epiphysis - ANS-An expanded head at each end of the long bone