AQA AS HISTORY 7041/2G The Birth of the USA, 1760–1801 Component 2G The origins of the American Revolution, 1760–1776 Version: 1.0 Final IB/M/Jun23/E4 7041/2G AS HISTORY The Birth of the USA, 1760–1801 Component 2G The origins of the American Revoluti

AQA AS HISTORY 7041/2G The Birth of the USA, 1760–1801 Component 2G The origins of the American Revolution, 1760–1776 Version: 1.0 Final IB/M/Jun23/E4 7041/2G AS HISTORY The Birth of the USA, 1760–1801 Component 2G The origins of the American Revolution, 1760–1776 Tuesday 23 May 2023 Afternoon Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: • an AQA 16-page answer book. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is 7041/2G. • Answer two questions. In Section A answer Question 01. In Section B answer either Question 02 or Question 03. Information • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • The maximum mark for this paper is 50. • You will be marked on your ability to: – use good English – organise information clearly – use specialist vocabulary where appropriate. Advice • You are advised to spend about: – 50 minutes on Section A – 40 minutes on Section B. 2 IB/M/Jun23/7041/2G Section A Answer Question 01. Source A From the personal diary of Thomas Hutchinson, 1763. Hutchinson was the last royal governor of Massachusetts. Victory over the French has led to many Americans questioning the wisdom of Britain in keeping Canada. Some enterprising Americans have examined how far the separation of Canada from France was wise and practicable. Their objections are based on the reasoning that choosing to separate Canada from France would in time lead some Americans to think more favorably about the separation of the British colonies from the mother country and independence. This is now leading men to consider and pay greater attention than before, to the colonial relationship with England, and regard advantages enjoyed by the English, which are not enjoyed in the colonies, as unfair. 5 Source B From a sermon at Salem Church, Massachusetts, by Reverend Thomas Barnard, 25 May 1763. This was delivered to leading officials appointed by the Governor. America has a promising future. We are now safe from the Native Americans. We are freed from our enemies, have escaped oppression, and will no longer suffer cruelties at the hands of the French. As we remember the years before the war, we can now sing ‘The trap is broken, and we are free from the French’. We can look forward to a period of enjoyment of the liberties that the British won for us with the sacrifice of their lives, their treasure, their blood. We can look forward to peace and freedom. We must thank our mother Britain, who rescued and protected us. We must forever serve and honor our mother Britain with all our duty, love, and gratitude. 5 0 1 With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, which of these two sources is more valuable in explaining relations between Britain and its North American colonies in the early 1760s? [25 marks] 3 IB/M/Jun23/7041/2G Section B Answer either Question 02 or Question 03. Either 0 2 ‘The most serious threat to British rule in the years 1765 to 1770 was the Sons of Liberty.’ Explain why you agree or disagree with this view. [25 marks] or 0 3 ‘America declared independence because of Britain’s refusal to compromise in the years 1774 to 1776.’ Explain why you agree or disagree with this view. [25 marks] END OF QUESTIONS 4 IB/M/Jun23/7041/2G There are no questions printed on this page Copyright information For confidentiality purposes, all acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet. This booklet is published after each live examination series and is available for free download from Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful and AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the Copyright Team. Copyright © 2023 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. *236A7041/2G* *236A7041/2G/MS* AS HISTORY 7041/2G The Birth of the USA, 1760–1801 Component 2G The origins of the American Revolution, 1760–1776 Mark scheme June 2023 Version: 1.0 Final MARK SCHEME – AS HISTORY – 7041/2G – JUNE 2023 2 Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the students’ responses to questions and that every associate understands and applies it in the same correct way. As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students’ scripts. Alternative answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed and legislated for. If, after the standardisation process, associates encounter unusual answers which have not been raised they are required to refer these to the Lead Examiner. It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further developed and expanded on the basis of students’ reactions to a particular paper. Assumptions about future mark schemes on the basis of one year’s document should be avoided; whilst the guiding principles of assessment remain constant, details will change, depending on the content of a particular examination paper. Further copies of this mark scheme are available from Copyright information AQA retains the copyright on all its publications. However, registered schools/colleges for AQA are permitted to copy material from this booklet for their own internal use, with the following important exception: AQA cannot give permission to schools/colleges to photocopy any material that is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within the centre. Copyright © 2023 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. MARK SCHEME – AS HISTORY – 7041/2G – JUNE 2023 3 Level of response marking instructions Level of response mark schemes are broken down into levels, each of which has a descriptor. The descriptor for the level shows the average performance for the level. There are marks in each level. Before you apply the mark scheme to a student’s answer read through the answer and annotate it (as instructed) to show the qualities that are being looked for. You can then apply the mark scheme. Step 1 Determine a level Start at the lowest level of the mark scheme and use it as a ladder to see whether the answer meets the descriptor for that level. The descriptor for the level indicates the different qualities that might be seen in the student’s answer for that level. If it meets the lowest level then go to the next one and decide if it meets this level, and so on, until you have a match between the level descriptor and the answer. With practice and familiarity, you will find that for better answers you will be able to quickly skip through the lower levels of the mark scheme. When assigning a level, you should look at the overall quality of the answer and not look to pick holes in small and specific parts of the answer where the student has not performed quite as well as the rest. If the answer covers different aspects of different levels of the mark scheme you should use a best fit approach for defining the level and then use the variability of the response to help decide the mark within the level, ie if the response is predominantly Level 3 with a small amount of Level 4 material it would be placed in Level 3 but be awarded a mark near the top of the level because of the Level 4 content. Step 2 Determine a mark Once you have assigned a level you need to decide on the mark. The descriptors on how to allocate marks can help with this. The exemplar materials used during standardisation will help. There will be an answer in the standardising materials which will correspond with each level of the mark scheme. This answer will have been awarded a mark by the Lead Examiner. You can compare the student’s answer with the example to determine if it is the same standard,