NR569 / NR 569 Midterm Exam (Latest 2024 / 2025): Differential Diagnosis in Acute Care Practicum |Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct - Chamberlain

Midterm Exam: NR569/ NR 569 (Latest 2024 / 2025 Update) Differential Diagnosis in Acute Care Practicum Review| 100% Correct- Chamberlain Q: Attributes of a Symptoms Answer: ● Location ● Quality ● Quantity or severity ● Timing including: ● Onset ● Duration ● Frequency ● Modifying factors ● Associated Manifestations- other s/s that occur when he problem, symptom or pain occurs. Q: Mnemonic for characterizing the Chief complaint Answer: OLDCARTS ● Onset ● Location ● Duration ● Character ● Aggravating or Alleviating Factors ● Radiation ● Timing ● Setting Q: Pertinent Positives Answer: symptoms or signs that you would expect to find if a possible cause for a patient's problem were true, which then supports this diagnosis Q: pertinent negatives Answer: expected s/s that are not present, facts that you would expect to find if a possible cause for a patients problem were true, which then weakens the diagnosis by their absence Q: Review of Systems categories Answer: ● general ● skin ● HEENT ● Neck ● Breast ● Respiratory ● Cardiovascular ● GI ● GU ● Genital ● Musculoskeletal ● Psychiatric ● Neurologic ● Hematologic ● Endocrine Q: Differential Diagnosis (DDx) Answer: A DDx is the ability to distinguish a disease or condition from others that present with similar sing, symptoms or diagnostic test results Q: How to build a DDx Answer: 1. list your top dx first followed by other potential dx for a specific problem, but keep it problem oriented until you have the actual dx. 2. Aggressively prioritize workup of the most likely and most harmful dx under consideration. 3. prioritize the workup of acute and reversible diseases followed by chronic and irreversible. 4. As info or data the effectively rules out a particular dx, remove that dx from the list and focus your attention towards the remaining possibilities. 5. once the dx has been confirmed, the problem list should be diagnosis oriented rather than problem oriented. ●if the pt were to not respond to the tx, the pt should be re-evaluate the pt, review diagnostic data and finally provide a summary of key data to ensure that the diagnosis is indeed correct. Q: Likelihood Ratios Answer: Likelihood ratios are more helpful to make clinical decisions than sensitivty and specificity. For a given dx test, positive likelihood ratio apply to positive results; negative likelihood ratios apply to negative results Q: Positive likelihood ratio Answer: is the likelihood that a pt with the disease test positive compared to the likelihood that a patient without the disease test positive. ●if a test result is positive and the positive likelihood is >1, then it is more likely than chance that the pt has the disease. However, if the likelihood ratio for that test is <1, then it is less likely that the pt has the disease. Q: Negative Likelihood Ratio Answer: