AQA A-level GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 Paper 2 Human geography Version: 1.0 Final A-level GEOGRAPHY Paper 2 Human GeographyQUESTION PAPER & MARKING SCHEME/ [MERGED] Mark scheme June 2023

AQA A-level GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 Paper 2 Human geography Version: 1.0 Final A-level GEOGRAPHY Paper 2 Human Geography Insert This insert contains:  Figures 1a and 1b for use with Question 1  Figures 2a and 2b for use with Question 1  Figures 4a and 4b for use with Question 2  Figure 5 for use with Question 3  Figures 6a and 6b for use with Question 3  Figure 7 for use with Question 4  Figures 9a and 9b for use with Question 5  Figures 10a and 10b for use with Question 5. G/KL/Jun23/E4 7037/2 2 G/Jun23/7037/2 Figure 1a The economic assets and liabilities of selected countries in 2016 – 500 – 300 – 100 Per cent of GDP, 2016 100 0 300 500 700 Portugal Key Total assets (eg infrastructure, government money in bank, financial investments, natural resources) Total liabilities (all debt owed by the country, including the government, businesses and corporations) Net worth – overall balance of the economy Government debt – money owed by government only and excluding private debt Government debt level not available UK The Gambia France El Salvador Germany USA Brazil Uganda Japan Kenya India Finland Canada Colombia Tunisia Turkey New Zealand Indonesia South Korea South Africa Peru Australia Kazakhstan Russia Norway China* 3 G/Jun23/7037/2 Turn over 8 Figure 1b The total debt in NEEs (Newly Emerging Economies) and LICs (Low Income Countries) between 1970 and 2019 0 Year 2019 20 40 60 100 120 140 160 180 Per cent of GDP Key Total debt 80 Government debt Private debt 4 G/Jun23/7037/2 Figure 2a Workers in a shoe factory in Vietnam supplying TNCs Figure 2b A newspaper article about a workers’ protest in a TNC footwear factory in Vietnam in 2018 Thousands strike at TNC shoe factory in Vietnam Thousands of Vietnamese workers at a major footwear factory were on strike for a sixth day on Wednesday over a social insurance law in a rare challenge to government policy. The workers continued the peaceful strike in the factory’s compound under a heavy police presence. They were protesting a new law, which comes into effect next year and says that workers will get a social insurance monthly allowance when they retire instead of getting a one-time payment if they resign. The striking workers said that if they quit earlier, they would have to wait until their retirement to get the allowance, and they prefer the lump sum to pay for their daily needs while seeking new jobs. Vietnam is hit by several hundred labour strikes a year, but they are mostly over poor working conditions and low pay. Protests over government policies are rare. Nearly 70 per cent of Vietnam’s population of 90 million are under 40, p