Ch.11-15 Medical-Surgical Nursing Review Questions and answers already graded a+

A patient in balanced suspension traction for a fractured femur needs to be repositioned toward the head of the bed. During repositioning, the nurse should: A. maintain the same degree of traction tension. B. place slight additional tension on the traction cord. C. lift the traction and the patient during repositioning. D. release the weights, and replace them immediately after positioning. A A patient undergoes cast placement for a fractured left radius. The nurse should suspect compartment syndrome if the patient experiences pain that: A. radiates up the arm to the left scapula. B. intensifies with the elevation of the left arm. C. disappears with the flexion of the left arm. D. increases with the arm in a dependent position. B A patient received a right hip prosthesis after a fall. In the immediate postoperative period, the nurse should: A. maintain the leg in an adducted position. B. maintain the leg in an abducted position. C. maintain the leg in a neutral position. D. maintain the leg with the hip flexed greater than 90 degrees. B A 78-year-old patient has a history of osteoarthritis. Which signs and symptoms would the nurse document when performing a physical assessment? A. Joint pain, crepitus, Heberden's nodes B. Hot, inflamed joints; crepitus; joint pain C. Tophi, enlarged joints, Bouchard's nodes D. Swelling, joint pain, tenderness on palpation A The nurse is caring for an elderly female patient who has osteoporosis. When educating the patient, the nurse should include information about which major complication? A. Bone fracture B. Loss of estrogen C. Scoliosis D. Negative calcium balance A The nurse would expect which of the following treatments to be ordered in the conservative treatment of a herniated nucleus? A. Surgery B. Spinal fusion C. Bed rest, pain medication, and physiotherapy D. Strenuous exercise, pain medication, and physiotherapy C A nurse is performing a physical assessment. Which areas will the nurse include in a neurovascular documentation? A. Orientation, movement, pulses, and warmth B. Capillary refill time, movement, pulses, and warmth C. Orientation, pupillary response, temperature, and pulses D. Respiratory pattern, orientation, pulses, and temperature B A nurse is caring for a patient with a fracture. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the documentation? A. Tingling, coolness, and loss of pulses B. Loss of sensation, redness, and coolness C. Coolness, redness, and a new pain site D. Discoloration, deformity, and pain at the site of injury D The nurse expects which of the following diagnostic tests will be ordered in order to evaluate the presence of rhabdomyolysis? A. Serum troponin B. Bone biopsy C. Serum myoglobin D. Glycosylated hemoglobin serum C The nurse knows which of the following may be a complication in a diabetic patient who has been placed in a skeletal traction after a motor vehicle collision? A. Osteoarthritis B. Osteomyelitis C. Osteoporosis D. Osteosarcoma B What lifestyle changes would be most beneficial for the nurse to teach to prevent gastrointestinal disease? A. Exercise daily, drink plenty of water, and eat your daily serving of fruit with breakfast. B. Stop smoking cigarettes, take a fiber laxative, and eat whatever you want every day. C. Count calories, eat low-fat foods, and take a low dose of aspirin daily. D. Eat a low-fat, high-fiber diet, drink alcohol not at all or in moderation, and lose weight. D Which statement by the nurse is best for a patient with esophageal cancer? A. Risk factors include GERD and alcohol and tobacco use. B. People from Japan and China are more prone to esophageal cancer. C. Blacks and women are patients most often seen with esophageal cancer. D. Drinking cold beverages contributes to the risk of esophageal cancer. A Which statement by the patient recently diagnosed with early-stage right colon cancer indicates an understanding of the disease process? A. "I would be better off if I had some lymph node involvement with my cancer..." B. "Colon cancer grows quickly, so I do not have a lot of time to spend with my family..." C. "I put myself at risk for this cancer from eating all that high-fiber diet stuff..." D. "I had no symptoms because of the location and early detection of my cancer..." D Which interventions are best for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver? A. Avoid stress to the patient by not teaching about tests that may need to be completed. B. Check level of consciousness and neuro status to detect encephalopathy. C. Anticipate that changes in patient behavior will occur and chart accordingly. D. Ensure ample water is available to ensure the patient is fully hydrated. B When addressing the HPI of a patient, which is most appropriate for the nurse to assess? A. Date of birth B. Use of alcohol C. When symptoms started D. Other health related conditions C The newly admitted patient reports, "I have pain right under my right ribs and up in my right shoulder. It got worse after I had a burger, fries, and milk shake..." Which tests does the nurse anticipate for this patient? A. Colonoscopy and coagulation studies B. Pancreatic enzymes and CT C. MRI and complete blood count D. Ultrasound and hepatic panel D Which of the following is correct when performing an abdominal assessment? A. Check size and general shape of abdomen, palpate all quadrants, and percuss abdomen for air or fluid. B. Inspect overall appearance, listen for bowel sounds, and tap fingers over abdomen to locate organs. C. Percuss abdomen to find organs and masses, palpate abdominal muscle tone, and auscultate bowel sounds. D. Palpate abdomen, auscultate vascular sounds, and inspect skin turgor, abdominal shape, and color of sclera. B When teaching a patient about GERD, which statement is the best? A. A very full stomach holds the lower esophageal sphincter closed. B. Smoking will not cause an increase in GERD symptoms. C. It's acceptable to gain a little weight from eating more frequently. D. Use gravity to keep stomach fluids from entering the esophagus. D Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of diverticular disease? A. "The high-fiber diet will help soften my stool because I should not strain when having a bowel movement..." B. "Once I feel better, I will be able to eat cheeseburgers and fries for lunch at the counter with my friends every day..." C. "I will need a colostomy in the future because there is no cure or treatment for this diverticulosis I have..." D. "I am glad that I do not have to make any changes in my life and that this condition has no chance of killing me..." A Which intervention should the nurse anticipate for a patient with a bowel blockage? A. Clear liquid diet B. Fiber laxative and force fluids C. Bed rest with bathroom privileges D. Nasogastric tube insertion D A 28-year-old woman is scheduled for a glucose tolerance test. She asks the nurse what results indicate diabetes mellitus. The nurse should respond that the minimum parameter for indication of diabetes mellitus is a 2-hour blood glucose level greater than: A. 120 mg/dL B. 150 mg/dL C. 200 mg/dL D. 250 mg/dL C A patient is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect clinical signs and symptoms similar to: A. Addison's disease B. benzodiazepine overdose. C. hypovolemic shock. D. sympathetic nervous system stimulation. D A patient with thyroid cancer undergoes a thyroidectomy. After surgery, the patient develops peripheral numbness and tingling and muscle twitching and spasms. The nurse should expect to administer: A. a barbiturate. B. a thyroid supplement. C. an antispasmodic. D. I.V. calcium gluconate. D A patient with intractable asthma develops Cushing's syndrome. Development of this complication can most likely be attributed to long-term or excessive use of: A. cromolyn (Intal). B. metaproterenol (Alupent). C. prednisone. D. theophylline. C Which nursing diagnosis is most likely for a patient with an acute episode of diabetes insipidus? A. Deficient fluid volume B. Imbalanced nutrition: more than body requirements C. Impaired gas exchange D. Ineffective tissue perfusion: cardiopulmonary A A patient presents with diaphoresis, palpitations, jitters, and tachycardia approximately 1-1/2 hours after taking his regular morning insulin. Which treatment option is appropriate for this patient? A. Blood glucose level monitoring and carbohydrate administration B. Nitroglycerin administration and ECG C. Pulse oximetry monitoring and oxygen therapy D. Salt restriction, diuretic administration, and paracentesis A