Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathology Test Bank

Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathology Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The sequence of events producing cellular changes following injury best defines: a. manifestations. b. pathogenesis. c. sign. d. symptom. ANS: B REF: p. 2 2. An abnormal disturbance of the function and structure of the human body following injury refers to: a. disease. b. etiology. c. manifestations. d. pathogenesis. ANS: A REF: p. 2 3. The study of the cause of disease is termed: a. disease. b. etiology. c. pathogenesis. d. prognosis. ANS: B REF: p. 2 4. Common agents that cause disease include: 1. bacteria. 2. chemicals. 3. heat. a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: D REF: p. 2 5. A syndrome is best defined as: a. a genetic abnormality of a single protein. b. an adverse response to medical treatment. c. the patient’s perception of the disease. d. signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance. ANS: D REF: p. 2 6. An adverse response to medical treatment itself is termed: a. autoimmune. b. iatrogenic. c. idiopathic. d. nosocomial. ANS: B REF: p. 3 7. Prognosis refers to: a. diseases usually having a quick onset. b. the name of the particular disease. c. the predicted course and outcome of the disease. d. the structure of cells or tissue. ANS: C REF: p. 3 8. Diseases that generally require a decrease in the exposure technique are considered: a. destructive. b. lytic. c. subtractive. d. all of the above. ANS: D REF: p. 3 9. The investigation of disease occurring in large groups best defines: a. epidemiology. b. incidence. c. prevalence. d. all of the above. ANS: A REF: p. 3 10. Data regarding the number of deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a population are collected and reported by the: a. American College of Radiology. b. Centers for Disease Control. c. Food and Drug Administration. d. National Center for Health Statistics. ANS: D REF: p. 2 11. Which of the following are leading causes of death in the United States for adults aged 45 years and greater? 1. Heart disease 2. Malignant neoplasm 3. Polycystic kidney disease a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: A REF: p. 4 12. In 2010, health spending accounted for approximately _____% of the U.S. gross domestic product. a. 12 b. 17 c. 21 d. 33 ANS: B REF: p. 7 13. Each cell in the human body, except the reproductive cells, contains _____ pairs of autosomal chromosomes and _____ sex chromosomes. a. 11; 1 b. 11; 2 c. 22; 1 d. 22; 2 ANS: D REF: p. 8 14. The types of gene maps that grew out of the identification of DNA sequences include _____ maps. 1. genetic 2. SNP 3. physical a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: B REF: p. 8 15. The identification of common DNA pattern sequences and common patterns of genetic variations of single DNA bases resulted in: a. the Genome Project. b. genetic linkage maps. c. haplotype mapping. d. physical mapping. ANS: C REF: p. 8 16. Diseases that are present at birth from genetic or environmental factors are classified as: a. congenital. b. degenerative. c. genetic. d. metabolic. ANS: A REF: p. 10 17. A genetic disorder caused by an abnormality on one of the 22 nonsex chromosomes is considered: a. autosomal. b. dominant. c. recessive. d. sex linked