(MB) ASCP Practice Exam 2023/2024 -150 Questions and Answers

(MB) ASCP Practice Exam 2023/2024 150 Questions and Answers Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide? Phosphate group Anti-codon Ribose sugar Nitrogen base - correct answers Anti-codon According to Chargaff's rule of base pairing, adenine pairs with: - correct answers Thymine What genes would be screened in a breast cancer panel? - correct answers HER2, ERBB2, BRCA1 Next Generation Sequencing uses: - correct answers Short sequence reads Purines and pyrimidines differ from each other in that: - correct answers Purines have two rings; pyrimidines have one ring The purines are: Cytosine and uracil Adenine and thymine Thymine and cytosine Adenine and guanine - correct answers Adenine and guanine What is the rate of mutation per round of DNA replication? 1 in 1,000 base pairs 1 in 10,000 base pairs 1 in 1,000,000 base pairs 1 in 1,000,000,000 base pairs - correct answers 1 in 1,000,000,000 base pairs The rate of DNA migration through an agarose gel during electrophoresis does not depend on which of the following factors? Net charge of the molecule Size of the molecule Shape of the molecule Nucleotide sequence of the molecule - correct answers Nucleotide sequence of the molecule What are the phases in a qPCR Amplification Plot? Initiation, exponential, plateau Baseline, exponential, plateau Baseline, threshold, exponential, plateau Baseline, initiation, threshold, exponential, plateau - correct answers Initiation, exponential, plateau Find the palindrome in this restriction enzyme site: 5'-CTGCAG-3'? 5'-GAC 3'-GAC 3'-CTG 5'-GTC - correct answers 3'-GAC A patient with impaired judgment, personality changes, signs of abnormal body movements and depression comes to the physician's office for a follow-up visit. The physician suspects a singlegene disorder may be the cause of those clinical manifestations. A blood specimen was then sent to your clinical laboratory for mutation screening in the Huntington gene. Testing with standard PCR indicates that patient has Huntington Disease, HD. Which of the following would be consistent with this diagnosis? 25 CAG repeats in the Huntington gene 85 CAG repeats in the Huntington gene 25 CGA repeats in the Huntington gene 85 CGA repeats in the Huntington gene - correct answers 85 CAG repeats in the Huntington gene Which two HPV types are responsible for most cases of cervical cancer? 16 and 18 31 and 59 16 and 58 44 and 59 - correct answers 16 and 18 Replication forks, known as origins of DNA replication, are created by this enzyme: Ligase Taq Polymerase Primase Helicase - correct answers Helicase Mutation in what gene is associated with Fragile X syndrome? - correct answers FMR1 Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is caused by what translocation? - correct answers t(11;14) This polymerase is involved in "initiation of DNA replication and has primase activity": - correct answers Pol α Its discovery shed light on why there is simultaneous, though not continuous, synthesis of DNA on both leading and lagging strands of DNA: Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase Okazaki fragments Sanger fragments RNA fragments - correct answers Okazaki fragments What gene is measured following treatment with imatinib (Gleevec)? FLT3 BCR/Abl Jak2 MAPK - correct answers BCR/Abl What is the rate of mammalian DNA replication? 500 nucleotides per second 100 nucleotides per second 50 nucleotides per second 10 nucleotides per second - correct answers 50 nucleotides per second This polymerase is involved in "replicates mitochondrial DNA": - correct answers Pol γ A patient with impaired judgment, personality changes, signs of abnormal body movements and depression comes to the physician's office for a follow-up visit. The physician suspects a singlegene disorder may be the cause of those clinical manifestations. A blood specimen was then sent to your clinical laboratory for mutation screening in the Huntingtin gene. Which of these methods would best accomplish this task? Methylation-specific PCR Standard PCR PFGE RAPD PCR - correct answers Standard PCR Which of the following storage options is optimal for storing isolated DNA for a period greater than seven years? 22-25ºC 2-8ºC -20ºC -70ºC - correct answers -70ºC Consider a hypothetical mutation involving gene X. Let's say you amplify a specific exon, say exon 11, of that gene then you cut it with restriction enzyme W. In a person without the mutation, cutting the gene with restriction enzyme W generates two fragments of sizes, 100 bp and 250 bp. Suppose a CT mutation in gene X deletes a restriction site, yielding a fragment of 350 bp. You would expect a heterozygous person for gene X to have these fragments on a restriction gel: +/+ = 350 bp; 250 bp; 100 bp; m/+ = Only the 350 bp m/+ = 350 bp; 250 bp; 100 bp m/m = 350 bp; 250 bp - correct answers m/+ = 350 bp; 250 bp; 100 bp Which of the following will more likely lower stringency conditions in the washing step of a hybridization experiment? Increase the concentration of salt in the wash solution buffer Increase the temperature from, say 68°C to 75°C Use a probe with a higher density of GC base pairs as compared to one with a lower GC base pair density Remove formamide from the wash solution buffer - correct answers Increase the concentration of salt in the wash solution buffer What enzyme is involved in LCR? - correct answers DNA Ligase . . . . . . . . .