Test Bank Medical-Surgical Nursing 10th Edition: Lewis Chapter 1-67 QUESTIONS & EXPERT SOLUTIONS WITH RATIONALES

Test Bank Medical-Surgical Nursing 10th Edition: Lewis Chapter 1-67 QUESTIONS & EXPERT SOLUTIONS WITH RATIONALES Chapter 15: Cancer Lewis: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Edition 1. A patient who is scheduled for a breast biopsy asks the nurse the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor. Which answer by the nurse is correct? a. “Benign tumors do not cause damage to other tissues.” b. “Benign tumors are likely to recur in the same location.” c. “Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs.” d. “Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly than normal cells.” ANS: C The major difference between benign and malignant tumors is that malignant tumors invade adjacent tissues and spread to distant tissues and benign tumors do not metastasize. The other statements are inaccurate. Both types of tumors may cause damage to adjacent tissues. Malignant cells do not reproduce more rapidly than normal cells. Benign tumors do not usually recur. 2. The nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravesical bladder chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect? a. Nausea c. Hematuria b. Alopecia d. Xerostomia ANS: C The adverse effects of intravesical chemotherapy are confined to the bladder. The other adverse effects are associated with systemic chemotherapy. 3. The nurse is caring for a patient who smokes two packs/day. Which action by the nurse could help reduce the patient’s risk of lung cancer? a. Teach the patient about the seven warning signs of cancer. b. Plan to monitor the patient’s carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. c. Teach the patient about annual chest x-rays for lung cancer screening. d. Discuss risks associated with cigarette smoking during each patient encounter. ANS: D Teaching about the risks associated with cigarette smoking is recommended at every patient encounter because cigarette smoking is associated with multiple health problems. The other options may detect lung cancer that is already present but do not reduce the risk. 4. The nurse should suggest which food choice when providing dietary teaching for a patient scheduled to receive external-beam radiation for abdominal cancer? a. Fruit salad c. Creamed broccoli lOMoAR cPSD| Downloaded by Elizabeth Whitney () b. Baked chicken d. Toasted wheat bread ANS: B Protein is needed for wound healing. To minimize the diarrhea that is commonly associated with bowel radiation, the patient should avoid foods high in roughage, such as fruits and whole grains. Lactose intolerance may develop secondary to radiation, so dairy products should also be avoided. 5. During a routine health examination, a 40-yr-old patient tells the nurse about a family history of colon cancer. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Obtain more information about the family history. b. Schedule a sigmoidoscopy to provide baseline data. c. Teach the patient about the need for a colonoscopy at age 50. d. Teach the patient how to do home testing for fecal occult blood. ANS: A The patient may be at increased risk for colon cancer, but the nurse’s first action should be further assessment. The other actions may be appropriate, depending on the information that is obtained from the patient with further questioning. 6. A patient who is diagnosed with cervical cancer classified as Tis, N0, M0 asks the nurse what the letters and numbers mean. Which response by the nurse is accurate? a. “The cancer involves only the cervix.” b. “The cancer cells look like normal cells.” c. “Further testing is needed to determine the spread of the cancer.” d. “It is difficult to determine the original site of the cervical cancer.” ANS: A Cancer in situ indicates that the cancer is localized to the cervix and is not invasive at this time. Cell differentiation is not indicated by clinical staging. Because the cancer is in situ, the origin is the cervix. Further testing is not indicated given that the cancer has not spread.