Alberts Molecular Biology of Cell - Chapter 008 Test Quiz Bank
With Questions & Answers 2023/2024 Verified
hybridoma correct answers Cell line used in the production of monoclonal antibodies. Obtained by
fusing antibody-secreting B cells with cells of a B lymphocyte tumor
monoclonal antibody correct answers Antibody secreted by a hybridoma cell line. Because the
hybridoma is generated by the fusion of a single B cell with a single tumor cell, each hybridoma produces
antibodies that are all identical
affinity chromatography correct answers Type of chromatography in which the protein mixture to be
purified is passed over a matrix to which specific ligands for the required protein are attached, so that
the protein is retained on the matrix
fusion protein correct answers Engineered protein that combines two or more normally separate
polypeptides. Produced from a recombinant gene
high-performance liquid chromatography correct answers Type of chromatography that uses columns
packed with tiny beads of matrix; the solution to be separated is pushed through under high pressure
fluorescence resonance energy transfer correct answers Technique for monitoring the closeness of two
fluorescently labeled molecules (and thus their interaction) in cells
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy correct answers _____ is the resonant absorption of
electromagnetic radiation at a specific frequency by atomic nuclei in a magnetic field, due to flipping of
the orientation of their magnetic dipole moments. The _______ spectrum provides information about
the chemical environment of the nuclei. _______ is used widely to determine the three-dimensional
structure of small proteins and other small molecules. The principles of ______ are also used for medical
diagnostic purposes in magnetic resonance imaging
SDS polyacrylamide-gel electroophoresis (SDS-PAGE) correct answers Type of electrophoresis used to
separate proteins by size. The protein mixture to be separated is first treated with a powerful negatively
charged detergent and with a reducing agent (beta mercaptoethanol), before being run through a
polyacrylamide gel. The detergent and reducing agent unfold the proteins, free them from association
with other molecules, and separated the polypeptide subunits
surface plasmon resonance correct answers Technique used to characterize molecular interactions, such
as antibody-antigen binding, ligand-receptor coupling, and the binding of proteins to DNA. Binding
interactions are detected by monitoring the reflection of a beam of light off the interface between an
aqueous solution of potential binding molecules and a biosensor surface carrying the immobilized bait
protein
two-hybrid system correct answers Molecular genetic technique for identifying protein-protein and
protein-DNA interactions
, Western blotting (immunoblotting) correct answers Technique by which proteins are separated by
electrophoresis and immobilized on a paper sheet and then analyzed, usually by means of a labeled
antibody
x-ray crystallography correct answers Technique for determining the three-dimensional arrangement of
atoms in a molecule based on the diffraction pattern of X-rays passing through a crystal of the molecule
cDNA clone correct answers DNA molecule made as a copy of mRNA and therefore lacking the introns
that are present in genomic DNA
cDNA library correct answers Collection of cloned DNA molecules representing complementary DNA
copies of the mRNA produced by a cell
dideoxy method correct answers The standard enzymatic method of DNA sequencing
expression vector correct answers A virus or plasmidthat carries a DNA sequence into a suitable host cell
and there directs the synthesis of the protein encoded by the sequence
genetic engineering correct answers Collection of techniques by which DNA segments from different
sources are combined to make a new DNA, often called a recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNAs are
widely used in the cloning of genes, in the genetic modification of organisms, and in molecular biology
generally
genomic DNA clones correct answers represent DNA cloned directly from chromosomal DNA
genomic DNA library correct answers a collection of DNA cloned directly from chromosomal DNA from a
given genome
hybridization correct answers In molecular biology, the process whereby two complementary nucleic
acid strands form a base-paired duplex DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA, or RNA-RNA molecule. Forms the basis of a
powerful technique for detecting specific nucleotide sequences
Northern blotting correct answers Technique in which RNA fragments separated by electrophoresis are
immobilized on a paper sheet, and a specific RNA is then detected by hyridization with a labeled nucleic
acid probe
plasmid vector correct answers Modified small circular extrachromsomal DNA molecule that replicated
independently of the genome that are used extensively as vectors for DNA cloning
polymerase chain reaction correct answers Technique for amplifying psecific regions of DNAby the use of
sequence-specific primers and multiple cycles of DNA synthesis, each cycle being followed by a brief heat
treatment to separate complementary strands
probe correct answers Defined fragment of RNA or DNA, radioactively or chemically labeled, used to
locate specific nucleic acid sequences by hybridization
recombinant DNA correct answers Any DNA molecule formed by joining DNA egments from different
sources
With Questions & Answers 2023/2024 Verified
hybridoma correct answers Cell line used in the production of monoclonal antibodies. Obtained by
fusing antibody-secreting B cells with cells of a B lymphocyte tumor
monoclonal antibody correct answers Antibody secreted by a hybridoma cell line. Because the
hybridoma is generated by the fusion of a single B cell with a single tumor cell, each hybridoma produces
antibodies that are all identical
affinity chromatography correct answers Type of chromatography in which the protein mixture to be
purified is passed over a matrix to which specific ligands for the required protein are attached, so that
the protein is retained on the matrix
fusion protein correct answers Engineered protein that combines two or more normally separate
polypeptides. Produced from a recombinant gene
high-performance liquid chromatography correct answers Type of chromatography that uses columns
packed with tiny beads of matrix; the solution to be separated is pushed through under high pressure
fluorescence resonance energy transfer correct answers Technique for monitoring the closeness of two
fluorescently labeled molecules (and thus their interaction) in cells
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy correct answers _____ is the resonant absorption of
electromagnetic radiation at a specific frequency by atomic nuclei in a magnetic field, due to flipping of
the orientation of their magnetic dipole moments. The _______ spectrum provides information about
the chemical environment of the nuclei. _______ is used widely to determine the three-dimensional
structure of small proteins and other small molecules. The principles of ______ are also used for medical
diagnostic purposes in magnetic resonance imaging
SDS polyacrylamide-gel electroophoresis (SDS-PAGE) correct answers Type of electrophoresis used to
separate proteins by size. The protein mixture to be separated is first treated with a powerful negatively
charged detergent and with a reducing agent (beta mercaptoethanol), before being run through a
polyacrylamide gel. The detergent and reducing agent unfold the proteins, free them from association
with other molecules, and separated the polypeptide subunits
surface plasmon resonance correct answers Technique used to characterize molecular interactions, such
as antibody-antigen binding, ligand-receptor coupling, and the binding of proteins to DNA. Binding
interactions are detected by monitoring the reflection of a beam of light off the interface between an
aqueous solution of potential binding molecules and a biosensor surface carrying the immobilized bait
protein
two-hybrid system correct answers Molecular genetic technique for identifying protein-protein and
protein-DNA interactions
, Western blotting (immunoblotting) correct answers Technique by which proteins are separated by
electrophoresis and immobilized on a paper sheet and then analyzed, usually by means of a labeled
antibody
x-ray crystallography correct answers Technique for determining the three-dimensional arrangement of
atoms in a molecule based on the diffraction pattern of X-rays passing through a crystal of the molecule
cDNA clone correct answers DNA molecule made as a copy of mRNA and therefore lacking the introns
that are present in genomic DNA
cDNA library correct answers Collection of cloned DNA molecules representing complementary DNA
copies of the mRNA produced by a cell
dideoxy method correct answers The standard enzymatic method of DNA sequencing
expression vector correct answers A virus or plasmidthat carries a DNA sequence into a suitable host cell
and there directs the synthesis of the protein encoded by the sequence
genetic engineering correct answers Collection of techniques by which DNA segments from different
sources are combined to make a new DNA, often called a recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNAs are
widely used in the cloning of genes, in the genetic modification of organisms, and in molecular biology
generally
genomic DNA clones correct answers represent DNA cloned directly from chromosomal DNA
genomic DNA library correct answers a collection of DNA cloned directly from chromosomal DNA from a
given genome
hybridization correct answers In molecular biology, the process whereby two complementary nucleic
acid strands form a base-paired duplex DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA, or RNA-RNA molecule. Forms the basis of a
powerful technique for detecting specific nucleotide sequences
Northern blotting correct answers Technique in which RNA fragments separated by electrophoresis are
immobilized on a paper sheet, and a specific RNA is then detected by hyridization with a labeled nucleic
acid probe
plasmid vector correct answers Modified small circular extrachromsomal DNA molecule that replicated
independently of the genome that are used extensively as vectors for DNA cloning
polymerase chain reaction correct answers Technique for amplifying psecific regions of DNAby the use of
sequence-specific primers and multiple cycles of DNA synthesis, each cycle being followed by a brief heat
treatment to separate complementary strands
probe correct answers Defined fragment of RNA or DNA, radioactively or chemically labeled, used to
locate specific nucleic acid sequences by hybridization
recombinant DNA correct answers Any DNA molecule formed by joining DNA egments from different
sources
