DAANCE STUDY QUESTIONS AND CORRECT SOLUTIONS 2023/2024

DAANCE STUDY QUESTIONS AND CORRECT SOLUTIONS 2023/2024 Nose/nasal passages, sinuses, pharynx - CORRECT ANSWER-What consists of the upper airway? Larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, pulmonary alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER-What consists of the lower airway? Immediate hypersensitivity response that involves antigen-antibody reactions (IgE) - CORRECT ANSWER-What is the most severe type of allergic reaction? Liver - CORRECT ANSWER-What is the largest gland in the body? Pediatric patients - CORRECT ANSWER-What age group of patients will hypoxia occur much more rapidly in? Bradycardia is a sign relating to hypoxia Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - CORRECT ANSWERWhat does HIPAA stand for? Ischemia - CORRECT ANSWER-A decrease in blood flow in the coronary arteries? Can temporarily or permanently damage the heart muscle by decreasing O2 available to the muscle cells? 1 year- Plavix & Aspirin - CORRECT ANSWER-If a cardiac patient just had stent placement, how long are they required to be on antiplatelet drugs? What are the 2 drugs they usually do together? Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) aka infectious endocarditis - CORRECT ANSWER-Type of infection that can further damage heart valves or cause systemic infections? Requires antibiotic prophylaxis P wave - CORRECT ANSWER-Atrial depolarization (contraction) QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER-Ventricular depolarization T wave - CORRECT ANSWER-Ventricular repolarization (relaxation) Cushing's disease - CORRECT ANSWER-Type of disease due to excessive secretion of corticosteroid due to a presence of a tumor or from administration of high doses of corticosteriod drugs (ex: Prednisone) Myxedema - CORRECT ANSWER-Chronic long-term hypothyroidism, most commonly seen in older adults (elderly women) who have had a stroke or stopped taking their thyroid medication Thyroid crisis - CORRECT ANSWER-Most severe complication of hyperthyroidism from an OMS perspective Hyperthyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER-Untreated __________ are at an increased risk for outpatient anesthesia and tend to be sensitive to epinephrine in a local anesthetic Diabetes Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWER-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-Non-insulin dependent Elevated LFTs (Liver function tests) - CORRECT ANSWER-Elevated level of several liver enzymes and bilirubin is often termed? Women - CORRECT ANSWER-What gender is Propofol more rapidly redistributed in and require 10-15% larger dose? Children - CORRECT ANSWER-What age group would Propofol redistribute very rapidly, and require at least 50% increase in drug dose? Diffusion hypoxia - CORRECT ANSWER-What is a complication of N2O rapidly moving from blood to alveoli of lungs, and displaces other gases, including O2 General anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER-Patient is not aroused, even during painful stimulation. Required airway intervention & cardiovascular function is impaired Deep sedation/analgesia - CORRECT ANSWER-Can't be easily aroused, purposeful response to pain, and requires airway assistance Moderate sedation (conscious sedation) - CORRECT ANSWER-Response to verbal or light tactile touch with no compromise of airway Minimal sedation (anxiolysis) - CORRECT ANSWER-Normal response to verbal stimulation with airway reflexes, ventiliation & cardiovascular functions are unaffected Valium or Versed - CORRECT ANSWER-What drugs are given for minimal sedation (anxiolysis) Balanced anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER-Anesthesia that relies on the use of several agents together to benefit from each other. Using each drug at a smaller dose than required if it were being used alone 0.2 mg - CORRECT ANSWER-Maximum does of Epi for a healthy patient? 100% O2, Dantrolene (2.5 mg/kg) and IV cold saline (NOT Ringer's) - CORRECT ANSWER-What is the treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia? Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER-What emergency would a beta blocker be given? 0.04 mg - CORRECT ANSWER-What is the maximum dose of Epi for a patient with cardiovascular disease? Asystole - CORRECT ANSWER-Cardiac arrest- has no rhythm or contraction of EKG Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) - CORRECT ANSWER-No discernable P, QRS or T waves noted. No pumping of blood at all and no depolarization of the ventricles V-Fib or Asytole - CORRECT ANSWER-What are 2 emergencies would Epi be given in? Lidocaine - CORRECT ANSWER-What are PVCs treated with? Versed, valium or propofol - CORRECT ANSWER-What medications can be given for a severe case of hyperventilation? Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) - CORRECT ANSWER-Dysrhythmia with a rapid firing of an ectopic focus with a rate of 140-200 BPM but no P wave Amiodarone - CORRECT ANSWER-What medication would be given for V-tach? Adenosine, Inderal or Esmolol - CORRECT ANSWER-What are 3 different medications that could be given for SVT? Atropine - CORRECT ANSWER-What medication would be given for symptomatic bradycardia? Airway obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER-What emergency would a cricothyrotomy typically be performed? ETT, LMA or ETA (endotracheal tube, laryngeal mask airway, esophageal tracheal airway) - CORRECT ANSWER-What type of intubation is preferred with emesis and aspiration? Medical information that helps oral surgeons identify poor-risk patients, guide treatment, and written evidence the patient was given to evaluate the treatment plan - CORRECT ANSWER-What are the 3 basic requirements to follow when gathering medical information? Hematuria - CORRECT ANSWER-What is the term for blood in the urine