WGU C190 Biology Exam Questions and Answers (Graded A+)

Coevolution Event - ANSWER - The process by which two or more species evolve in tandem by exerting selection pressures on each other Speciation Event - ANSWER - A lineage-splitting event that produces two or more separate species. Phylogenetic Event - ANSWER - The evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms. Also called phylogenesis. The evolutionary development of an organ or other part of an organism Homology Event - ANSWER - Shared trait among species Mutation - ANSWER - A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene. Gene Flow - ANSWER - is the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another. Migration into or out of a population may be responsible for a marked change in allele frequencies (the proportion of members carrying a particular variant of a gene). Genetic Drift - ANSWER - is the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant (allele) in a population due to RANDOM sampling of organisms. Ex. Earthquake or disaster Artificial Selection - ANSWER - The breeding of plants and animals to produce desirable traits Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle - ANSWER - release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy Calvin Cycle - ANSWER - is the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. Electron Transport Chain - ANSWER - A group of compounds that pass electron from one to another via redox reactions coupled with the transfer of proton across a membrane to create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis. (Produces most ATP) Glycolysis - ANSWER - The process in cell metabolism by which carbohydrates and sugars, especially glucose, are broken down, producing ATP and pyruvic acid.