10/10/23, 2:22 PM Chem exam 2 study guide - All the information needed for exam 2 of chem…
Chemistry Exam 2 Study Guide
Lecture 12: February 10th
Scientific notation: a compact way to write very large or very small numbers
- Units
o Specific units of measurement are defined by the International System of Units
o Ex. Meters for length/distance, kilograms for mass, kelvin for temperature
Units and Equivalents
Quantity SI Unit (symbol) Metric Unit Equivalents
(symbol)
Mass Kilogram (kg) Gram (g) 1kg=1000g
1kg=2.205lb
Length Meter (m) Meter (m) 1m=3.280ft
Volume Cubic meter (m3) Liter (L) 1 meter
cubed=1000L
1 meter cubed=264.2
gal
Temperature Kelvin (K) Celsius degree © See section 1.11
Time Seconds (s) Seconds (s) -
Metric Prefixes and Scientific Notation
- Metric prefixes
o Used to express very large or very small values
Ex. Easier to express 1,000,000 grams as 1 megagram (Mg)
Ex. Easier to express .000000001 meters as 1 nanometer (nm) or in
scientific notation
Common Metric Prefixes
Prefix Symbol Base Unit Example
Multiplied By
mega M 1,000,000 1
megameter=10,000,000
m
kilo k 1000 1 kilogram=10,000 g
hecto h 100 1 hectogram=100g
Deka da 10 1 dekaliter=10L
Deci d 0.1 1 deciliter
Centi c 0.01 1 centimeter=0.01m
Milli m 0.001 1 milligram=0.001 g
Micro µ 0.000001 1 micrometer=10-6m
Nano n 0.000000001 -
Picto p 0.000000000001 -
Femto f 0.000000000000001 -
Mass vs. Weight
- Mass is the measured amount of matter in an object
- Weight is the measured gravitational forces that the earth or other large bodies exert on an
object
- When we commonly talk about how much we weight, or the weight of things, we are
actually talking about what their mass is
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, 10/10/23, 2:22 PM Chem exam 2 study guide - All the information needed for exam 2 of chem…
Picto p 0.000000000001 -
Femto f 0.000000000000001 -
Mass vs. Weight
- Mass is the measured amount of matter in an object
- Weight is the measured gravitational forces that the earth or other large bodies exert on an
object
- When we commonly talk about how much we weight, or the weight of things, we are
actually talking about what their mass is
Mass Conversions
Unit Equivalent Unit Equivalent
1 kilogram (kg) =1000 grams 1 ton =2000 pounds
=2.205 pounds =907.03 kilograms
1 gram (g) =0.001 kilogram 1 pound (lb) =16 ounces
=1000 milligrams =0.454 kilogram
=0.03527 ounces =454 grams
1 milligram (mg) =0.001 gram 1 ounce =0.02835 kilograms
=1000 micrograms =28.35 grams
=28,350 milligrams
1 microgram (µg) =0.000001 gram
=0.001 milligram
Common units of length
- The US commonly uses inches, feet, and miles whereas other countries and their
scientific community use millimeters, centimeters, meters, and kilometers
- (See table 1.8 in book for units and conversion factors)
Units of Volume
Unit Equivalent
1 cubic meter (m3) =1000 liters
=264.2 gallons
1 liter (L) =0.001 cubic meters
=1000 milliliters
=1.057 quarts
1 deciliter (dL) =0.1 liter
=100 milliliters
1 milliliter (mL) =0.001 liter
=1000 microliters
1 microliter (µL) =0.001 milliliter
1 gallon (gal) =3.7854 liters
1 quart (qt) =0.9464 liter
=946.4 milliliters
1 fluid ounce (fl oz) =29.57 milliliters
Lecture 13- February 13th 2017
Significant Figures
- Significant figures and scientific notation are used to represent the precision of a
measurement
When in doubt rewriting the number in scientific notation can clarify which of the
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Chemistry Exam 2 Study Guide
Lecture 12: February 10th
Scientific notation: a compact way to write very large or very small numbers
- Units
o Specific units of measurement are defined by the International System of Units
o Ex. Meters for length/distance, kilograms for mass, kelvin for temperature
Units and Equivalents
Quantity SI Unit (symbol) Metric Unit Equivalents
(symbol)
Mass Kilogram (kg) Gram (g) 1kg=1000g
1kg=2.205lb
Length Meter (m) Meter (m) 1m=3.280ft
Volume Cubic meter (m3) Liter (L) 1 meter
cubed=1000L
1 meter cubed=264.2
gal
Temperature Kelvin (K) Celsius degree © See section 1.11
Time Seconds (s) Seconds (s) -
Metric Prefixes and Scientific Notation
- Metric prefixes
o Used to express very large or very small values
Ex. Easier to express 1,000,000 grams as 1 megagram (Mg)
Ex. Easier to express .000000001 meters as 1 nanometer (nm) or in
scientific notation
Common Metric Prefixes
Prefix Symbol Base Unit Example
Multiplied By
mega M 1,000,000 1
megameter=10,000,000
m
kilo k 1000 1 kilogram=10,000 g
hecto h 100 1 hectogram=100g
Deka da 10 1 dekaliter=10L
Deci d 0.1 1 deciliter
Centi c 0.01 1 centimeter=0.01m
Milli m 0.001 1 milligram=0.001 g
Micro µ 0.000001 1 micrometer=10-6m
Nano n 0.000000001 -
Picto p 0.000000000001 -
Femto f 0.000000000000001 -
Mass vs. Weight
- Mass is the measured amount of matter in an object
- Weight is the measured gravitational forces that the earth or other large bodies exert on an
object
- When we commonly talk about how much we weight, or the weight of things, we are
actually talking about what their mass is
about:blank 1/5
, 10/10/23, 2:22 PM Chem exam 2 study guide - All the information needed for exam 2 of chem…
Picto p 0.000000000001 -
Femto f 0.000000000000001 -
Mass vs. Weight
- Mass is the measured amount of matter in an object
- Weight is the measured gravitational forces that the earth or other large bodies exert on an
object
- When we commonly talk about how much we weight, or the weight of things, we are
actually talking about what their mass is
Mass Conversions
Unit Equivalent Unit Equivalent
1 kilogram (kg) =1000 grams 1 ton =2000 pounds
=2.205 pounds =907.03 kilograms
1 gram (g) =0.001 kilogram 1 pound (lb) =16 ounces
=1000 milligrams =0.454 kilogram
=0.03527 ounces =454 grams
1 milligram (mg) =0.001 gram 1 ounce =0.02835 kilograms
=1000 micrograms =28.35 grams
=28,350 milligrams
1 microgram (µg) =0.000001 gram
=0.001 milligram
Common units of length
- The US commonly uses inches, feet, and miles whereas other countries and their
scientific community use millimeters, centimeters, meters, and kilometers
- (See table 1.8 in book for units and conversion factors)
Units of Volume
Unit Equivalent
1 cubic meter (m3) =1000 liters
=264.2 gallons
1 liter (L) =0.001 cubic meters
=1000 milliliters
=1.057 quarts
1 deciliter (dL) =0.1 liter
=100 milliliters
1 milliliter (mL) =0.001 liter
=1000 microliters
1 microliter (µL) =0.001 milliliter
1 gallon (gal) =3.7854 liters
1 quart (qt) =0.9464 liter
=946.4 milliliters
1 fluid ounce (fl oz) =29.57 milliliters
Lecture 13- February 13th 2017
Significant Figures
- Significant figures and scientific notation are used to represent the precision of a
measurement
When in doubt rewriting the number in scientific notation can clarify which of the
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